由于从ubuntu-16.10开始ubuntu不再使用initd管理系统,改用systemd 看了systemd的使用方法,发现改动有点大,包括包括用 systemctl 命令来替换了 service 和 chkconfig 的功能。 比如以前启动 mysql 服务用: sudo是管理权限,如果当前用户是管理员请忽略。
sudo service mysql start
现在用:
sudo systemctl start mysqld.service
其实这个改动到不是算大,主要是开机启动比以前复杂多了。systemd 默认读取 /etc/systemd/system 下的配置文件,该目录下的文件会链接/lib/systemd/system/下的文件。 执行 ls /lib/systemd/system 你可以看到有很多启动脚本,其中就有我们需要的 rc.local.service 打开脚本内容:
# This file is part of systemd.
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
# This unit gets pulled automatically into multi-user.target by
# systemd-rc-local-generator if /etc/rc.local is executable.
[Unit]
Description=/etc/rc.local Compatibility
ConditionFileIsExecutable=/etc/rc.local
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/rc.local start
TimeoutSec=0
RemainAfterExit=yes
一般正常的启动文件主要分成三部分 [Unit] 段: 启动顺序与依赖关系 [Service] 段: 启动行为,如何启动,启动类型 [Install] 段: 定义如何安装这个配置文件,即怎样做到开机启动 可以看出,/etc/rc.local 的启动顺序是在网络后面,但是显然它少了 Install 段,也就没有定义如何做到开机启动,所以显然这样配置是无效的。 因此我们就需要在后面帮他加上 [Install] 段:
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=rc-local.service
这里需要注意一下,ubuntu-18.04 默认是没有 /etc/rc.local 这个文件的,需要自己创建
sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service
[Unit]
Description=/etc/rc.local Compatibility
ConditionPathExists=/etc/rc.local
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/rc.local start
TimeoutSec=0
StandardOutput=tty
RemainAfterExit=yes
SysVStartPriority=99
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
sudo vi /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
#
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
#
# By default this script does nothing.
echo java -jar /home/intel/XXX.jar --spring.config.location=/home/intel/config/application.properties > /home/intel/XXXX.log & > /usr/local/test.log
exit 0
sudo chmod +x /etc/rc.local
sudo systemctl enable rc-loca
sudo systemctl start rc-local.service
sudo systemctl status rc-local.service
cat /usr/local/test.log