标准库容器

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<list>
#include<forward_list>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	list<string> svec(10,"shan");
	 
	for(auto i:svec)
	{
		cout<<i<<endl;
	}
	
	//vector<string> vec = svec;//#错误，容器类型不匹配  
	
	forward_list<string> fvec(svec.begin(),svec.end());//使用迭代器范围进行拷贝初始化 
	
	for(auto temp:fvec)
	{
		cout<<temp<<endl;
	} 
	
	
	return 0;
}

#include<iostream>
#include<array> 
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    array<int ,10> num_1;//定义了一个保存10个int的数组 
	for(auto i:num_1)
	    cout<<i<<" ";
	
	cout<<endl;
	
	array<int ,10> num_2={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};
	for(auto i:num_2)
	    cout<<i<<" ";
	
	cout<<endl;	
    int d[5]={3,6,9,12,15};
	//int b[5]=d; 这是错误的，内置数组不支持拷贝和赋值
	
	array<int ,6> try_1={4,5,6,7,8,9};
	array<int ,6> try_2=try_1;
	for(auto temp:try_2)
	    cout<<temp<<" "; 
		
	return 0;
}

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> a={1,2,3,4,5,6};
	vector<int> b;
	b.assign({6,7,8,9,10,11});
	cout<<endl; 
	for(auto temp:b)
	    cout<<temp<<" ";
	cout<<endl;
	b.assign(a.begin(),a.end()); 
	for(auto temp:b)
	    cout<<temp<<" ";
	
	cout<<endl;
	
	/*
	* swap操作交换两个相同类型容器的内容
	* assing操作用参数所指定的元素(即拷贝)替换左边容器中的所有元素。
	* assign允许我们从不同但相容的类型赋值，或者从一个容器的子序列赋值
	* 除了string外，指向容器的迭代器、引用和指针在swap操作后都不会失效 
	*/
	
	
	vector<int> temp={11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88};
	b.swap(temp);
	cout<<"temp: ";
	cout<<"size-"<<temp.size()<<" ";
	for(auto i=temp.begin();i != temp.end();i++)
	    cout<<*i<<" ";
	cout<<endl;
	
	cout<<endl;
	cout<<"b: ";
	cout<<"size-"<<b.size()<<" ";
	for(auto j=b.begin();j != b.end();j++)
	    cout<<*j<<" ";
	return 0;	
}

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<list>
using namespace std;

void operated_1()
{
	vector<string> ss{"shansan","wocao","yeshan"};
	vector<string> v;
	for(auto i:ss)
	    v.push_back(i);
	for(auto temp:v)
	    cout<<temp<<" ";    
}

void operated_2()
{
	list<int> ls;
    for(int num=3;num>=0;num--)
        ls.push_front(num);
    for(int i=5;i<8;i++)
        ls.push_back(i);
	for(auto i=ls.begin();i != ls.end(); i++)
	   cout<<*i<<" ";
}

void operated_3()
{
	vector<int> v_1{1,2,3,4,5};
	vector<int> v_2{6,7,8,9,10};
	
	v_1.insert(v_1.begin(),66);//在迭代器v_1.begin()所指的元素之前插入一个元素66 
	for(auto temp: v_1)
	    cout<<temp<<" ";
    cout<<endl;
	
	v_1.insert(v_1.begin(),v_2.begin(),v_2.end());
	//在迭代器v_1.begin()所指的元素之前，插入迭代器v_2.begin()到v_2.end()指顶范围内的元素 
    for(auto temp:v_1)
        cout<<temp<<" ";
    
}
 
int main()
{
    operated_1();
    cout<<endl;
    operated_2();
    cout<<endl;
    operated_3();
    
    return 0;
}

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;

class student{
	public:
		student(string str,int a):name(str),age(a){}
		void print_1()
		{
			cout<<"name: "<<this->name<<","<<"Age: "<<this->age<<endl;
		}
	private:
		int age;
		string name;
};

int main()
{
	vector<student> s;//我们将student存到了vector中
	 
	s.emplace_back("shansan",18);//使用student对象的构造函数 
    auto temp=s.begin();
    (*temp).print_1();
    cout<<endl;
    
    //s.push_back("try",66);//error：没有接受两个参数的push_back版本 
    
	s.push_back(student("try",66));//创建一个临时的student对象传递给push_back 
    for(auto i:s)
        i.print_1(); 
    
	return 0;
	
}

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	/*
	* 不要对一个空的容器使用front和back操作
	* at和下标操作只适用于string、vector、deque和array
	* back不适用于forward_list 
	*/
	vector<int> v{1,6};
	int a = v.front();
	a=33;
	cout<<"v[0]="<<v[0]<<endl;
	
	int &refer = v.front();
	refer =33;//改变了v[0]的值 
	cout<<"v[0]="<<v[0];
	return 0;
}

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<list>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	vector<string> str{"shansan","wocao","555"};
	for(auto temp:str)
	    cout<<temp<<" ";
	str.pop_back();
	cout<<endl;
	for(auto temp:str)
	    cout<<temp<<" ";
	cout<<endl;
	str.erase(str.begin(),str.end());
	for(auto temp:str)
	    cout<<temp<<" ";
	    
    list<int> lst={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};
    auto it = lst.begin();
    while(it != lst.end())
    {
    	if(*it%2) 
    	    it = lst.erase(it);//删除奇数元素,返回指向被删除元素的下一个元素的迭代器 
        else
            it++;
	}
	for(auto temp:lst)
	    cout<<temp<<" ";
	return 0; 
}

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<deque>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	vector<int> v{22,33,3};
	cout<<"v capacity:"<<v.capacity()<<endl;
	v.resize(6,1);
	cout<<"v size:"<<v.size()<<endl;
	cout<<"v capacity:"<<v.capacity()<<endl; 
	for(auto i:v)
	    cout<<i<<" ";
	/*
	- 使用reserve操作通知容器应该为我们预留多少空间
	- resize成员函数只改变容器中成员函数的数目，不改变容器的容量
	- 容器的size操作指的是它已经保存的元素的数目
	- capacity则是在不不分配新的内存空间的前提下知道它最多可以保存多少个元素 
	*/
	v.reserve(100);
	cout<<endl<<"v capacity:"<<v.capacity()<<endl;
	cout<<"v size:"<<v.size()<<endl;	
	
	return 0; 
}