xml序列化和反序列化（一）

yaphetsfang

发布于 2020-07-30 01:49:01

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代码可运行

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代码可运行

最近项目中需要调用第三方webservice，入参和出参采用xml格式，大致如下：

入参：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RequestParams> 
  <PatientsName/> 
  <PatientsID/> 
</RequestParams>

出参：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<PacsResult> 
  <successe>true</successe>  
  <msg>成功</msg>  
  <reports> 
   <report> 
     <PatientsSex></PatientsSex>  
     <PatientsName></PatientsName> 
   </report>
  </reports>
</PacsResult>

关于入参，项目中封装的有入参实体，实体类如下：

 public class rep
    {
        public string PatientsName { get; set; }
        public string PatientsID { get; set; }
    }

现在就需要怎么将入参实体转换为xml格式字符串，代码如下：

   /// <summary>
    /// 序列化
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="T">泛型t</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string XmlSerializerSR<T>(T t)
    {
        MemoryStream Stream = new MemoryStream();
        XmlSerializer xml = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
        try
        {
            //序列化对象
            xml.Serialize(Stream, t);
        }
        catch (InvalidOperationException)
        {
            throw;
        }
        Stream.Position = 0;
        StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(Stream);
        string str = sr.ReadToEnd();

        sr.Dispose();
        Stream.Dispose();

        return str;
    }

测试结果：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<RequestParams xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">  
  <PatientsName>Cui Jian Hong</PatientsName>  
  <PatientsID>P57748</PatientsID> 
</RequestParams>

有些人看到觉得这和入参不一样，

<?xml version="1.0"?>少了utf-8，<RequestParams》多了个xmlns(xml命名空间，我这里不作过多介绍)这个玩意；强迫症犯了，要求必须和入参一摸一样，我就尝试用另外一种方法：

public static string XmlSerializerXTW<T>(T t)
    {
        using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
        {
            XmlSerializerNamespaces ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
            //Add an empty namespace and empty value
            ns.Add("", "");
             XmlTextWriter textWriter = new XmlTextWriter(ms, Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8"));
            //StreamWriter streamWriter = new StreamWriter(ms, Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8"))效果一样;
            XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
            serializer.Serialize(textWriter, t, ns);

            string xmlMessage = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.GetBuffer());
            xmlMessage = System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Replace(xmlMessage, "^[^<]", "");
            ms.Close();
            textWriter.Close();
            return xmlMessage;
        }
    }

看到代码里为什么多了个正则表达式替换呢，原因是因为如果不加这个，序列化后是这样的

?<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RequestParams>
  <PatientsName>Cui Jian Hong</PatientsName>
  <PatientsID>P57748</PatientsID>
</RequestParams>

注意第一个字符，不是粘贴错误，哈哈，实际就是多个问号；蛋疼了，网上找了半天，最后就这么解决了，哪位大神知道为什么，请告之。

写到这里有些人觉得，这么搞有点牵强，不完美，怎么办呢，还有终极杀招，自定义xml，无非就是拼接呗：可以这么搞：

 /// <summary>
    /// 拼接入参
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="inParams"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string CreateInParams(Dictionary<string, string> inParams,string inParamName)
    {
        string ret = string.Empty;
        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
        doc.AppendChild(doc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", null));

        XmlElement xnIn = doc.CreateElement(inParamName);
        doc.AppendChild(xnIn);
        foreach (var de in inParams)
        {
            XmlElement xn = doc.CreateElement(de.Key);
            xn.InnerText = de.Value;
            xnIn.AppendChild(xn);
        }
        ret = doc.OuterXml;
        return ret;
    }