CocoaTouch 中的 NSString

CocoaTouch 中的 NSString

initWithFormat 还是 stringWithFormat ?

initWithFormat 是实例方法，用法如下：

NSString* str = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@", @"Hello, world!"];
self.label.text = str;
[str release];

如果是运行在在 iOS 5.0 之前或者没有使用 ARC 的情况下， 需要手工调用 release 方法进行回收。

stringWithFormat 是类方法， 用法如下：

NSString* str = [NSString stringWithFormat:"%@", @"Hello, world!"];
sef.label.text = str;

stringWithFormat 不需要手工调用 release 方法进行回收。

NSString 到 NSInteger、 int

NSString* str = @"123";
NSInteger intVal = [str integerValue];
int val = [str intValue];

NSString 到 NSNumber

NSString* str = @"123";
NSNumberFormatter* f = [[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init];
[f setNumberStyle:NSNumberFormatterDecimalStyle];
NSNumber* num = [f numberFromString:str];

常用字符串格式化说明

%@ Objective-C object, printed as the string returned by descriptionWithLocale: if available, or description otherwise. Also works with CFTypeRef objects, returning the result of the CFCopyDescription function.

%% ‘%’ character

%d, %D, %i Signed 32-bit integer (int)

%u, %U Unsigned 32-bit integer (unsigned int)

%hi Signed 16-bit integer (short)

%hu Unsigned 16-bit integer (unsigned short)

%qi Signed 64-bit integer (long long)

%qu Unsigned 64-bit integer (unsigned long long)

%x Unsigned 32-bit integer (unsigned int), printed in hexadecimal using the digits 0–9 and lowercase a–f

%X Unsigned 32-bit integer (unsigned int), printed in hexadecimal using the digits 0–9 and uppercase A–F

%qx Unsigned 64-bit integer (unsigned long long), printed in hexadecimal using the digits 0–9 and lowercase a–f

%qX Unsigned 64-bit integer (unsigned long long), printed in hexadecimal using the digits 0–9 and uppercase A–F

%o, %O Unsigned 32-bit integer (unsigned int), printed in octal

%f 64-bit floating-point number (double)

%e 64-bit floating-point number (double), printed in scientific notation using a lowercase e to introduce the exponent

%E 64-bit floating-point number (double), printed in scientific notation using an uppercase E to introduce the exponent

%g 64-bit floating-point number (double), printed in the style of %e if the exponent is less than –4 or greater than or equal to the precision, in the style of %f otherwise

%G 64-bit floating-point number (double), printed in the style of %E if the exponent is less than –4 or greater than or equal to the precision, in the style of %f otherwise

%c 8-bit unsigned character (unsigned char), printed by NSLog() as an ASCII character, or, if not an ASCII character, in the octal format \ddd or the Unicode hexadecimal format \udddd, where d is a digit

%C 16-bit Unicode character (unichar), printed by NSLog() as an ASCII character, or, if not an ASCII character, in the octal format \ddd or the Unicode hexadecimal format \udddd, where d is a digit

%s Null-terminated array of 8-bit unsigned characters. %s interprets its input in the system encoding rather than, for example, UTF-8.

%S Null-terminated array of 16-bit Unicode characters

%p Void pointer (void *), printed in hexadecimal with the digits 0–9 and lowercase a–f, with a leading 0x

%L Length modifier specifying that a following a, A, e, E, f, F, g, or G conversion specifier applies to a long double argument

%a 64-bit floating-point number (double), printed in scientific notation with a leading 0x and one hexadecimal digit before the decimal point using a lowercase p to introduce the exponent

%A 64-bit floating-point number (double), printed in scientific notation with a leading 0X and one hexadecimal digit before the decimal point using a uppercase P to introduce the exponent

%F 64-bit floating-point number (double), printed in decimal notation

%z Length modifier specifying that a following d, i, o, u, x, or X conversion specifier applies to a size_t or the corresponding signed integer type argument

%t Length modifier specifying that a following d, i, o, u, x, or X conversion specifier applies to a ptrdiff_t or the corresponding unsigned integer type argument

%j Length modifier specifying that a following d, i, o, u, x, or X conversion specifier applies to a intmax_t or uintmax_t argument

更多格式化文档， 参考苹果文档 String Format Specifiers 。