MySQL 8.0.19 Linux平台安装 Part 2

bsbforever

发布于 2020-08-18 11:33:29

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发布于 2020-08-18 11:33:29

文章被收录于专栏：时悦的学习笔记时悦的学习笔记

从今天开始MySQL相关方面的东西

今天是关于MySQL的安装

系统为 redhat 7.4

数据库为MySQL 8.0.19

1. 目录规划

目录名称	参数名称	路径地址
安装目录	basedir	/usr/local/mysql
数据文件目录	datadir	/data/mysql/data
临时文件目录	tmpdir	/data/mysql/tmp
socket文件目录	socket	/data/mysql/data/mysql.sock
bin日志文件目录	log_bin	/datalog/mysql/binlog
relay日志文件目录	relay_log	/datalog/mysql/relaylog

2. MySQL 8.0 下载

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

3. 新建用户及目录

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 105 mysql

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 105 -g mysql mysql

echo "mysql123" |passwd mysql --stdin

4. 新建目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql/software
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql/data
mkdir -p /datalog/mysql/binlog
mkdir -p /datalog/mysql/relaylog
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql/tmp
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /datalog/mysql/

5. 配置环境变量

su - mysql

vim ~/.bash_profile

export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=$HOME/bin:$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

source ~/.bash_profile

6. 建立配置文件

8.0的参数和5.7的参数有些不一样

expire_logs_days参数被废弃，使用binlog_expire_logs_seconds参数代替
innodb_undo_tablespaces参数被废弃，8.0会根据innodb_page_size自动建立
innodb_file_format，innodb_file_format_check，innodb_file_format_max，innodb_large_prefix参数被废弃并移除了
query_cache_type和query_cache_size参数被废弃

我们这里建立 /etc/my.cnf

[mysql]
user                                    =  
password                                =
socket                          = /data/mysql/data/mysql.sock
[mysqld]

#-----------------MySQL Basic Setting-----------------#
server-id                               =   1921680101
port                                    =   3306
user                                    =   mysql
pid-file                                =   mysql.pid
character_set_server                    =   utf8mb4
default_storage_engine                  =   InnoDB
skip_name_resolve                       =   1
lower_case_table_names                  =   1
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp         =   1
open_files_limit                        =   65535
max_connections                         =   1000
max_connect_errors                      =   100000
basedir                                 =   /usr/local/mysql
datadir                                 =   /data/mysql/data
tmpdir                                  =   /data/mysql/tmp
socket                                  =   /data/mysql/data/mysql.sock
join_buffer_size                        =   64M
tmp_table_size                          =   64M
max_allowed_packet                      =   32M
read_buffer_size                        =   16M
read_rnd_buffer_size                    =   32M
sort_buffer_size                        =   32M

#-----------------MySQL Log Setting-----------------#
log_error                               =   mysql-error.log
log_bin                                 =   /datalog/mysql/binlog/mysql-bin.log
slow_query_log_file                     =   mysql-slow.log
relay_log                               =   /datalog/mysql/relaylog/mysql-relay.log
log_slave_updates                       =   1
sync_binlog                             =   1
relay_log_recovery                      =   1
binlog_format                           =   row
binlog_expire_logs_seconds            =   604800
slow_query_log                          =   1       
long_query_time                         =   2
log_queries_not_using_indexes           =   1       
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes  =   10
log_slow_admin_statements               =   1       
log_slow_slave_statements               =   1       
min_examined_row_limit                  =   1000    

#-----------------MySQL Replication Setting-----------------#
master_info_repository                  =   TABLE
relay_log_info_repository               =   TABLE
gtid_mode                               =   on
enforce_gtid_consistency                =   1
binlog_rows_query_log_events            =   1

#-----------------MySQL InnoDB Setting-----------------#
innodb_page_size                        =   16384
innodb_buffer_pool_size                 =   400M
innodb_data_file_path                   =   ibdata1:1G:autoextend
innodb_buffer_pool_instances            =   8
innodb_file_per_table                   =   1
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup      =   1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown     =   1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit          =   1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout                =   5
innodb_io_capacity                      =   800
innodb_io_capacity_max                  =   2000
innodb_flush_method                     =   O_DIRECT
#innodb_file_format                         =   Barracuda
#innodb_file_format_max                     =   Barracuda
innodb_flush_neighbors                  =   1
innodb_log_file_size                    =   2G
innodb_log_buffer_size                  =   16777216
innodb_print_all_deadlocks              =   1
innodb_strict_mode                      =   1
innodb_sort_buffer_size                 =   67108864

#-----------------MySQL semi Replication Setting-----------------#
#plugin_dir                             =   /usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin
#plugin_load                            =   "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
#loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled     =   1
#loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled      =   1
#loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout     =   5000

修改my.cnf权限

chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf

7. 依赖包检查

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64
lvm2-2.02.143-7.el6_8.1.x86_64

8. 卸载以前版本

如果有以前版本的MySQL ，则需要先下载

如只有lib库则可以不用动

RedHat Enterprise Linux 6适用】

# rpm -qa|grep -i mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
qt-mysql-4.6.2-26.el6_4.x86_64
mysql-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64

#yum remove mysql-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 qt-mysql-4.6.2-26.el6_4.x86_64 mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64

【RedHat Enterprise Linux 7适用】

# rpm -qa|grep -i mariadb*
mariadb-server-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-embedded-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-test-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-bench-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-devel-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-embedded-devel-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64


# yum remove -y mariadb*

9. 解压文件

9.1 解压安装文件

su - mysql

tar xzvf mysql-8.0.19-el7-x86_64.tar.gz  -C /usr/local/mysql/ --strip-components=1

9.2 配置服务文件

这里我们使用systectl来管理数据库的启停

root用户

vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service

[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql


PIDFile=/data/mysql/data/mysqld.pid

# Disable service start and stop timeout logic of systemd for mysqld service.
TimeoutSec=0

# Execute pre and post scripts as root
PermissionsStartOnly=true
# Needed to create system tables
#ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd

# Start main service
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/data/mysql/data/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS
#注意这里要加上 --daemonize
# Use this to switch malloc implementation
#EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql

# Sets open_files_limit
LimitNOFILE = 65536

Restart=on-failure

RestartPreventExitStatus=1

PrivateTmp=false

10. 初始化数据库

接下来我们初始化MySQL

# su - mysql
$cd /usr/local/mysql
$/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql

初始化过程中可以通过error文件查看进度

tail -f /data/mysql/data/mysql-error.log

11. 启动数据库

root用户

systemctl start mysqld

后续可以使用如下命令启停数据库

systemctl stop mysqld

systemctl start mysqld

systemctl restart mysqld

设置MySQL自启动

systemctl enable mysqld

12. 连接数据库

默认密码在error文件中有

cat /data/mysql/data/mysql-error.log |grep password

使用如下命令连接

mysql -S /data/mysql/data/mysql.sock -uroot -ppassword

第一次登陆需要修改密码

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified with mysql_native_password by 'password';
flush privileges;

连接后的安全性设置参见MySQL常见命令

好了 MySQL的 Linux 安装就先讲到这里

后续内容尽情期待

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