Shell脚本和expect实现自动交互

spawn 启动新进程，用于执行shell命令
send  发送字符串给expect控制的进程
set   设置变量   set user root
expect 从发起交互的命令的进程接受字符串，用于匹配我们预想的字符串
exp_continue 继续执行接下来的交互操作
set timeout -1 设置超时时间 永远等待
set timeout 10 设置超时时间 10秒
interact 将脚本的控制权交给用户,用户继续使用shell执行命令
$argv  expect 脚本可以接受从bash传递过来的参数

yum install expect

[root@linux /]# vim ssh.exp
#!/usr/bin/expect
set ip "172.16.0.8"
set user "root"
set pwd "123456"

spawn ssh $user@$ip

expect {
"yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue }  #exp_continue 未出现时继续往下执行
"password" { send "$pwd\r" }   # \r 是回车的意思
}
interact

[root@linux /]# expect ssh.exp 
spawn ssh root@172.16.0.8
root@172.16.0.8's password: 
Last login: Thu Aug  6 13:51:42 2020 from www.www.www
[root@nginx1 ~]# ifconfig ens33|sed -n '2p'|awk '{print $2}'
172.16.0.8
[root@nginx1 ~]# exit
登出
Connection to 172.16.0.8 closed.
[root@linux /]# 

[root@linux /]# vim ssh.sh 
#!/bin/bash
>ip.txt
#判断公钥是否生成
if [ ! -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa ]
then
       ssh-keygen -P "" -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
fi
#获取在线的主机
for i in {3..20}
do
     ping -c1 -w1 172.16.0.$i &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
     echo 172.16.0.$i >>ip.txt
fi
done
#批量分发秘钥
pass=123456
while read line
do
/usr/bin/expect<<EOF
set timeout 2
spawn ssh-copy-id root@$line
expect {
  "yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue }
  "password:" { send "$pass\r" };
}
expect eof
EOF
done<ip.txt

[root@linux /]# sh ssh.sh 
spawn ssh-copy-id root@172.16.0.4
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@172.16.0.4's password: 
    
Number of key(s) added: 1
    
Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'root@172.16.0.4'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
    
spawn ssh-copy-id root@172.16.0.5
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@172.16.0.5's password: 
    
Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'root@172.16.0.5'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
    
spawn ssh-copy-id root@172.16.0.8
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@172.16.0.8's password: 
    
Number of key(s) added: 1
    
Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'root@172.16.0.8'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
    
spawn ssh-copy-id root@172.16.0.10
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@172.16.0.10's password: 
    
Number of key(s) added: 1
    
Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'root@172.16.0.10'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

[root@linux /]# ssh root@172.16.0.4
Last login: Thu Aug  6 16:16:01 2020 from master
[root@linux ~]# ifconfig ens33|sed -n '2p'|awk '{print $2}'
172.16.0.4
[root@linux ~]# exit
登出
Connection to 172.16.0.4 closed.
[root@linux /]# ssh root@172.16.0.5
Last login: Thu Aug  6 14:33:17 2020 from master
[root@linux ~]# ifconfig ens33|sed -n '2p'|awk '{print $2}'
172.16.0.5
[root@linux ~]# exit
登出
Connection to 172.16.0.5 closed.
[root@linux /]# ssh root@172.16.0.8
Last login: Thu Aug  6 13:56:41 2020 from www.www.www
[root@nginx1 ~]# ifconfig ens33|sed -n '2p'|awk '{print $2}'
172.16.0.8
[root@nginx1 ~]# exit
登出
Connection to 172.16.0.8 closed.