首先要下载所需jar包,
官网:http://poi.apache.org ,POI支持office的所有版本
下载完后,打开“poi-bin-3.10.1-20140818”获取操作excel需要的jar包,并将这些jar包复制到项目中。对于只操作2003 及以前版本的excel,只需要poi-3.10.1-20140818.jar ,如果需要同时对2007及以后版本进行操作则需要复制
poi-ooxml-3.10.1-20140818.jar,
poi-ooxml-schemas-3.10.1-20140818.jar,以及复制在ooxml-lib目录下的xmlbeans-2.6.0.jar,dom4j-1.6.1.jar。
在POI包中有如下几个主要对象和excel的几个对象对应(针对03版本):
HSSFWorkbook | Excel 工作簿workbook |
---|---|
HSSFSheet | Excel 工作表 sheet |
HSSFRow | Excel 行 |
HSSFCell | Excel 单元格 |
POI 也能对07以后的excel版本进行读写,读写方法和读写03版是一样的,只是对象名称变了;原来各对象的开头字母H变为X,操作方式不变。
1、 Excel 的工作簿对应POI的XSSFWorkbook对象;
2、 Excel 的工作表对应POI的XSSFSheet对象;
3、 Excel 的行对应POI的XSSFRow对象;
4、 Excel 的单元格对应POI的XSSFCell对象。
在“poi-bin-3.10.1-20140818\poi-3.10.1\docs\apidocs”目录中,点击“index.html”查看POI api文档,我们可以查询POI中所有这些对象的属性和方法。
下面是实例代码演示:
导出Excel的功能
package cn.itcast.core.util;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import cn.itcast.nsfw.user.entity.User;
public class ExcelUtil {
public static void exportUserExcel(List<User> userList,ServletOutputStream outputStream){
try {
//1.创建工作簿
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
//1.1创建合并单元格
CellRangeAddress cellRangeAddress = new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, 4);
//1.2头标题样式
HSSFCellStyle style1 = createCellStyle(workbook,(short)16);
//1.3列标题样式
HSSFCellStyle style2 = createCellStyle(workbook, (short)13);
//2.创建工作表
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
//2.1加载合并单元格对象
sheet.addMergedRegion(cellRangeAddress);
//设置默认列宽
sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(25);
//3.创建行
//3.1创建头标题行
HSSFRow row1 = sheet.createRow(0);
HSSFCell cell1 = row1.createCell(0);
cell1.setCellStyle(style1);
cell1.setCellValue("用户列表");
//3.2创建列标题行
HSSFRow row2 = sheet.createRow(1);
String title[]={"用户名","账号","所属部门","性别","电子邮箱"};
for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) {
HSSFCell cell2 = row2.createCell(i);
cell2.setCellStyle(style2);
cell2.setCellValue(title[i]);
}
//4.操作单元格,将用户列表写入excel
if(userList!=null){
for (int i = 0; i < userList.size(); i++) {
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(2+i);
HSSFCell cell11 = row.createCell(0);
cell11.setCellValue(userList.get(i).getName());
HSSFCell cell12 = row.createCell(1);
cell12.setCellValue(userList.get(i).getAccount());
HSSFCell cell13 = row.createCell(2);
cell13.setCellValue(userList.get(i).getDept());
HSSFCell cell14 = row.createCell(3);
cell14.setCellValue(userList.get(i).isGender()?"男":"女");
HSSFCell cell15 = row.createCell(4);
cell15.setCellValue(userList.get(i).getEmail());
}
}
//5.输出
workbook.write(outputStream);
workbook.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static HSSFCellStyle createCellStyle(HSSFWorkbook workbook, short fontSize){
HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
font.setFontHeightInPoints(fontSize);
style.setFont(font);
return style;
}
}
对应action
//导出用户列表
public void exportExcel(){
try {
//1.查找用户列表
userList=userService.findObjects();
//2.导出
HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
//attachment表示往response里附加一个文件,如果不转码文件名将会乱码
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + new String("用户列表.xls".getBytes(), "ISO-8859-1"));
ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
userService.exportExcel(userList, outputStream);
if(outputStream != null){
outputStream.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
导入Excel的功能
//导入用户列表
public String importExcel(){
//获取Excel文件
if(userExcel!=null){
//是否是excel
if(userExcelFileName.matches("^.+\\.(?i)((xls)|(xlsx))$")){
//导入
userService.importExcel(userExcel, userExcelFileName);
}
}
return "list";
}
public void importExcel(File userExcel, String userExcelFileName) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
try {
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(userExcel);
boolean is03Excel = userExcelFileName.matches("^.+\\.(?i)(xls)$");
//1.读取工作簿
Workbook workbook=is03Excel?new HSSFWorkbook(fileInputStream):new XSSFWorkbook(fileInputStream);
Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
if(sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows()>2){
User user=null;
for (int i = 2; i < sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows(); i++) {
Row row = sheet.getRow(i);
user=new User();
Cell cell0 = row.getCell(0);
user.setName(cell0.getStringCellValue());
Cell cell1 = row.getCell(1);
user.setAccount(cell1.getStringCellValue());
Cell cell2 = row.getCell(2);
user.setDept(cell2.getStringCellValue());
Cell cell3 = row.getCell(3);
user.setGender(cell3.getStringCellValue().equals("男"));
//手机号
String mobile = "";
Cell cell4 = row.getCell(4);
try {
mobile = cell4.getStringCellValue();
} catch (Exception e) {
double dMobile = cell4.getNumericCellValue();
mobile = BigDecimal.valueOf(dMobile).toString();
}
user.setMobile(mobile);
//电子邮箱
Cell cell5 = row.getCell(5);
user.setEmail(cell5.getStringCellValue());
//生日
Cell cell6 = row.getCell(6);
if(cell6.getDateCellValue() != null){
user.setBirthday(cell6.getDateCellValue());
}
//默认用户密码为 123456
user.setPassword("123456");
//默认用户状态为 有效
user.setState(User.USER_STATE_VALID);
save(user);
}
workbook.close();
fileInputStream.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}