(1)名称管理器——Name Manager
【CoderBaby】首先需要创建多个名称(包含key及value),作为下拉列表的数据源,供后续通过名称引用。可通过菜单:“公式”---“名称管理器”找到,如下图:
(2)数据验证——DataValidation
此处我们需要选List(序列),Source(来源)选项;可通过菜单:“数据”---“数据验证”找到,如下图:
(3)INDIRECT公式
通过数据验证的Source(来源)设置为Indirect公式来控制级联的效果,如下图:
(1)数据准备—以省市县三级为例
CREATE TABLE `area` (
`area_id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`area_name` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
`area_desc` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL,
`parent_area_id` int DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`area_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=32 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci |
省级数据:
NSERT INTO area(area_name,area_desc) VALUES ("四川","四川省"),("浙江","浙江省"),("广东","广东省");
市级数据:
INSERT INTO area(area_name,area_desc, parent_area_id) VALUES ("南充","南充市", 1),("成都","成都市", 1), ("广元","广元市", 1),("杭州","杭州市", 2),("温州","温州市", 2),("绍兴","绍兴市", 2),("宁波","宁波市", 2),("广州","广州市", 3),("佛山","佛山市", 3);
县级数据:
INSERT INTO area(area_name,area_desc, parent_area_id) VALUES ("西充","西充县", 4),("仪陇","仪陇县", 4),("武侯","武侯区", 5),("龙泉","龙泉区", 5),("青羊","青羊区", 5),("剑阁","剑阁县", 6),("青川","青川县", 6);
INSERT INTO area(area_name,area_desc, parent_area_id) VALUES ("西湖","西湖区", 7),("江干","江干区", 7),("鹿城","鹿城区", 8),("龙湾","龙湾区", 8),("上虞","上虞区", 9),("越城","越城区", 9),("江北","江北区", 10),("镇海","镇海区", 10);
INSERT INTO area(area_name,area_desc, parent_area_id) VALUES ("白云","白云区", 11),("天河","天河区", 11),("顺德","顺德区", 12),("南海","南海区", 12);
(2)实现逻辑说明
(a)第一级区域查询,根据parent_area_id为空的查询出第一级区域列表
List<String> firstAreaNames = new ArrayList();
String queryArea0 = "select area_id, area_name from area where parent_area_id IS NULL";
Map<Integer, String> area0List = new LinkedHashMap<>();
int areaLevel = 1;
jdbc.query(queryArea0, rs -> {
area0List.put(rs.getInt("area_id"), rs.getString("area_name"));
firstAreaNames.add(rs.getString("area_name"));
});
areaList.put("一级区域", firstAreaNames);
以区域ID为key,子区域名称列表为value的HashMap定义如下: private Map<String, List<String>> areaList = new LinkedHashMap<>();
(b)传入parent_area_id查询子区域area_id和area_name,如此反复查询,直到没有子区域为止
Map<Integer, String> subAreas = queryAreaInfo(area0List);
while (subAreas.keySet().size() > 0) {
areaLevel++;
subAreas = queryAreaInfo(subAreas);
}
queryAreaInfo函数定义:
private Map<Integer, String> queryAreaInfo(Map<Integer, String> parentAreas) {
Map<Integer, String> subAreas = new LinkedHashMap<>();
for (Integer areaId : parentAreas.keySet()) {
String queryArea = "select area_id, area_name from area where parent_area_id = '" + areaId.intValue() + "'";
List<String> areaNames = new ArrayList();
jdbc.query(queryArea, rs -> {
subAreas.put(rs.getInt("area_id"), rs.getString("area_name"));
areaNames.add(rs.getString("area_name"));
});
if (areaNames.size() > 0) {
areaList.put(parentAreas.get(areaId), areaNames);
}
}
return subAreas;
}
注:必须用LinkedHashMap,否则初始化数据会重新排序,导致后续生成下拉列表的层级关系出错
(c)根据计算出的区域层级,动态构造首行标题栏
for (int i = 1; i <= areaTotalLevel; i++) {
String cellValue = convertToChineseNumber(i) + "级区域";
firstRow.createCell(columnIndex++).setCellValue(cellValue);
}
/**
* 构造名称管理器和数据验证及公式
*
* @param workbook 目标工作簿
* @param file 输出的文件全路径
* @param dropDownDataSource 以父级id为key,子级名称列表为value的集合
* @param dataSourceSheetName 作为数据源的工作表名称
* @param columnStep 起始列的列号(以下表0为初始列)
* @param totalLevel 总共的层级数量
* @throws IOException
* @throws InvalidFormatException
*/
private void Cascade(Workbook workbook, File file, Map<String, List<String>> dropDownDataSource,
final String dataSourceSheetName, final int columnStep, final int totalLevel) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {
Sheet dataSourceSheet = workbook.createSheet(dataSourceSheetName);
workbook.setSheetHidden(workbook.getSheetIndex(dataSourceSheet), true);
Row headerRow = dataSourceSheet.createRow(0);
String[] firstValidationArray = null;
boolean firstTime = true;
int columnIndex = 0;
// 构造名称管理器数据源
for (String key : dropDownDataSource.keySet()) {
Cell cell = headerRow.createCell(columnIndex);
cell.setCellValue(key);
if (dropDownDataSource.get(key) == null || dropDownDataSource.get(key).size() == 0) {
continue;
}
ArrayList<String> values = (ArrayList) dropDownDataSource.get(key);
if (firstTime) {
firstValidationArray = values.toArray(new String[values.size()]);
}
int dataRowIndex = 1;
for (String value : values) {
Row row = firstTime ? dataSourceSheet.createRow(dataRowIndex) : dataSourceSheet.getRow(dataRowIndex);
if (row == null) {
row = dataSourceSheet.createRow(dataRowIndex);
}
row.createCell(columnIndex).setCellValue(value);
dataRowIndex++;
}
// 构造名称管理器
String range = buildRange(columnIndex, 2, values.size());
Name name = workbook.createName();
name.setNameName(key);
String formula = dataSourceSheetName + "!" + range;
name.setRefersToFormula(formula);
columnIndex++;
firstTime = false;
}
Sheet assetSheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
// 第一级设置DataValidation
XSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper = new XSSFDataValidationHelper((XSSFSheet) assetSheet);
DataValidationConstraint firstConstraint = dvHelper.createExplicitListConstraint(firstValidationArray);
CellRangeAddressList firstRangeAddressList = new CellRangeAddressList(1, MAX_ROWS, 0 + columnStep, 0 + columnStep);
DataValidation firstDataValidation = dvHelper.createValidation(firstConstraint, firstRangeAddressList);
firstDataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
assetSheet.addValidationData(firstDataValidation);
// 剩下的层级设置DataValidation
for (int i = 1; i < totalLevel; i++) {
char[] offset = new char[1];
offset[0] = (char) ('A' + columnStep + i - 1);
String formulaString = buildFormulaString(new String(offset), 2);
XSSFDataValidationConstraint dvConstraint = (XSSFDataValidationConstraint) dvHelper.createFormulaListConstraint(formulaString);
CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(1, MAX_ROWS, 0 + columnStep + i, 0 + columnStep + i);
XSSFDataValidation dataValidationList = (XSSFDataValidation) dvHelper.createValidation(dvConstraint, regions);
dataValidationList.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
assetSheet.addValidationData(dataValidationList);
}
// 输出数据到文件
FileOutputStream os = null;
try {
os = new FileOutputStream(file);
workbook.write(os);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
IOUtils.closeQuietly(os);
}
}
说明:
构造名称引用的数据源区域:
private String buildRange(int offset, int startRow, int rowCount) {
char start = (char) ('A' + offset);
return "$" + start + "$" + startRow + ":$" + start + "$" + (startRow + rowCount - 1);
}
构造indirect公式:
private String buildFormulaString(String offset, int rowNum) {
return "INDIRECT($" + offset + (rowNum) + ")";
}
名称管理器的数据源工作表:
名称管理器:
生成的模板:
附:
1) Excel 多级联动下拉列表: https://blog.csdn.net/zhan107876/article/details/95341684
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