Python matplotlib读取excel数据并用for循环画多个子图subplot操作

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from xlrd import open_workbook as owb
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#import matplotlib.colors as colors
#from matplotlib.ticker import MultipleLocator, FormatStrFormatter, FuncFormatter
import numpy as np
districts=[] # 存储各校名称--对应于excel表格的sheet名
data_index = 0
new_colors = ['#1f77b4', '#ff7f0e', '#2ca02c', '#d62728',
'#9467bd', '#8c564b', '#e377c2', '#7f7f7f',
'#bcbd22', '#17becf']
wb = owb('raw_data.xlsx') # 数据文件
active_districts = ['二小','一小','四小'] ## 填写需要画哪些学校的，名字需要与表格内一致
avg_yuwen = []
avg_shuxue = []
avg_yingyu = []
avg_zonghe = []
avg_total = []
'按页数依次读取表格数据作为Y轴参数'
for s in wb.sheets():
#以下两行用于控制是否全部绘图，还是只绘选择的区
#if s.name not in active_districts:
# continue
print('Sheet: ', s.name)
districts.append(s.name)
avg_score = 0
yuwen = 0
shuxue = 0
yingyu = 0
zonghe = 0
zongfen = 0
total_student = 0
for row in range(1,s.nrows):
total_student += 1
#读取各科成绩并计算平均分
yuwen = yuwen + (s.cell(row, 4).value - yuwen)/total_student # 语文
shuxue = shuxue + (s.cell(row, 5).value - shuxue) / total_student # 数学
yingyu = yingyu + (s.cell(row, 6).value - yingyu) / total_student # 英语
zonghe = zonghe + (s.cell(row, 7).value - zonghe) / total_student # 综合
zongfen = zongfen + (s.cell(row, 8).value - zongfen) / total_student # 总分
avg_yuwen.append(yuwen)
avg_shuxue.append(shuxue)
avg_yingyu.append(yingyu)
avg_zonghe.append(zonghe)
avg_total.append(zongfen)
data_index += 1
print('开始画图...')
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei'] # 中文支持
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False # 中文支持
figsize = 11,14
fig = plt.figure(figsize=figsize)
fig.suptitle('各校各科成绩平均分统计',fontsize=18)
my_x=np.arange(len(districts))
width=0.5
ax1 = plt.subplot(321)
#total_width=width*(len(districts))
b = ax1.bar(my_x , avg_yuwen, width, tick_label=districts, align='center', color=new_colors)
for i in range(0,len(avg_yuwen)):
ax1.text(my_x[i], avg_yuwen[i], '%.2f' % (avg_yuwen[i]), ha='center', va='bottom',fontsize=10)
ax1.set_title(u'语文')
ax1.set_ylabel(u"平均分")
ax1.set_ylim(60, 130)
ax2 = plt.subplot(322)
ax2.bar(my_x, avg_shuxue, width, tick_label=districts, align='center', color=new_colors)
for i in range(0, len(avg_shuxue)):
ax2.text(my_x[i], avg_shuxue[i], '%.2f' %(avg_shuxue[i]), ha='center', va='bottom', fontsize=10)
ax2.set_title(u'数学')
ax2.set_ylabel(u'平均分')
ax2.set_ylim(50,120)
ax3 = plt.subplot(323)
b = ax3.bar(my_x , avg_yingyu, width, tick_label=districts, align='center', color=new_colors)
for i in range(0,len(avg_yingyu)):
ax3.text(my_x[i], avg_yingyu[i], '%.2f' % (avg_yingyu[i]), ha='center', va='bottom',fontsize=10)
ax3.set_title(u'英语')
ax3.set_ylabel(u"平均分")
ax3.set_ylim(30, 100)
ax4 = plt.subplot(324)
b = ax4.bar(my_x , avg_zonghe, width, tick_label=districts, align='center', color=new_colors)
for i in range(0,len(avg_zonghe)):
ax4.text(my_x[i], avg_zonghe[i], '%.2f' % (avg_zonghe[i]), ha='center', va='bottom',fontsize=10)
ax4.set_title(u'综合')
ax4.set_ylabel(u"平均分")
ax4.set_ylim(0, 60)
ax5 = plt.subplot(313)
total_width=width*(len(districts))
b = ax5.bar(my_x , avg_total, width, tick_label=districts, align='center', color=new_colors)
for i in range(0,len(avg_total)):
ax5.text(my_x[i], avg_total[i], '%.2f' % (avg_total[i]), ha='center', va='bottom',fontsize=10)
ax5.set_title(u'总分')
ax5.set_ylabel(u"平均分")
ax5.set_ylim(250, 400)
plt.savefig('avg.png')
plt.show()

avg_scores = [] # 存储各科成绩，2维list
subjects = ['语文','数学','英语','综合','总分'] #每个子图的title
plot_pos = [321,322,323,324,313] # 每个子图的位置
y_lims = [(60,130), (50,120), (30,100), (0,60), (200,400)] # 每个子图的ylim参数

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "...xxx.py", line 66, in <module 
b = ax.bar(my_x , y_data, width, tick_label=districts, align='center', color=new_colors) # 画柱状图
AttributeError: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'bar'

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from xlrd import open_workbook as owb
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#import matplotlib.colors as colors
#from matplotlib.ticker import MultipleLocator, FormatStrFormatter, FuncFormatter
import numpy as np
districts=[] # 存储各校名称--对应于excel表格的sheet名
total_stu=[] # 存储各区学生总数
data_index = 0
new_colors = ['#1f77b4', '#ff7f0e', '#2ca02c', '#d62728',
'#9467bd', '#8c564b', '#e377c2', '#7f7f7f',
'#bcbd22', '#17becf']
wb = owb('raw_data.xlsx') # 数据文件
active_districts = ['BY','二小','一小','WR','四小'] ## 填写需要画哪些学校的，名字需要与表格内一致
avg_scores = [] # 存储各科成绩，2维list
subjects = ['语文','数学','英语','综合','总分'] #每个子图的title
plot_pos = [321,322,323,324,313] # 每个子图的位置
y_lims = [(60,130), (50,120), (30,100), (0,60), (200,400)] # 每个子图的ylim参数
'按页数依次读取表格数据作为Y轴参数'
for s in wb.sheets():
#以下两行用于控制是否全部绘图，还是只绘选择的区
#if s.name not in active_districts:
# continue
print('Sheet: ', s.name)
districts.append(s.name)
avg_scores.append([])
yuwen = 0
shuxue = 0
yingyu = 0
zonghe = 0
zongfen = 0
total_student = 0
for row in range(1,s.nrows):
total_student += 1
#tmp = s.cell(row,4).value
yuwen = yuwen + (s.cell(row, 4).value - yuwen)/total_student # 语文
shuxue = shuxue + (s.cell(row, 5).value - shuxue) / total_student # 数学
yingyu = yingyu + (s.cell(row, 6).value - yingyu) / total_student # 英语
zonghe = zonghe + (s.cell(row, 7).value - zonghe) / total_student # 综合
zongfen = zongfen + (s.cell(row, 8).value - zongfen) / total_student # 总分
avg_scores[data_index].append(yuwen)
avg_scores[data_index].append(shuxue)
avg_scores[data_index].append(yingyu)
avg_scores[data_index].append(zonghe)
avg_scores[data_index].append(zongfen)
data_index += 1
print('开始画图...')
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False
figsize = 11,14
fig = plt.figure(figsize=figsize)
fig.suptitle('各校各科成绩平均分统计',fontsize=18)
my_x=np.arange(len(districts))
width=0.5
print(avg_scores)
for pos in np.arange(len(plot_pos)):
#ax = plt.subplots(plot_pos[pos])
ax = fig.add_subplot(plot_pos[pos]) # 如果用ax = plt.subplots会报错'tuple' object has no attribute 'bar'
y_data = [x[pos] for x in avg_scores] # 按列取数据
print(y_data)
b = ax.bar(my_x , y_data, width, tick_label=districts, align='center', color=new_colors) # 画柱状图
for i in np.arange(len(y_data)):
ax.text(my_x[i], y_data[i], '%.2f' % (y_data[i]), ha='center', va='bottom',fontsize=10) # 添加文字
ax.set_title(subjects[pos])
ax.set_ylabel(u"平均分")
ax.set_ylim(y_lims[pos])
plt.savefig('jh_avg_auto.png')
plt.show()