Docker中CentOS容器安装使用MySQL

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发布于 2020-11-09 10:19:48

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发布于 2020-11-09 10:19:48

文章被收录于专栏：Coxhuang

Docker中CentOS镜像使用MySQL

##1 环境&需求

#1.1 环境

Mac
Docker
 -CentOS 6.9
    -MySQL 5.7

#1.2 需求

在docker中创建一个CentOS
在CentOS中安装MySQL
在宿主机(Mac)链接CentOS中的MySQL

#2 docker的配置

Docker拉取CentOS镜像
创建CentOS容器
进入CentOS容器

#2.1 拉取CentOS镜像

docker pull  centos:6.9

查看刚刚拉取的CentOS 6.9镜像

docker images

#2.1 创建CentOS 6.9容器

docker run -it centos:6.9  /bin/bash
# 命令注释如下:
# run: 创建容器的命令(固定格式)
# -it: 以交互式模式运行容器(一般-i-t同时出现)
# /bin/bash: 使用容器的命令输入命令(进入容器终端)

进入CentOS终端后, root@d2568b5fe7b3中@符号后面的内容指的是该容器对应的ID,容器ID不等于镜像ID

查看正在运行的容器

╭─coxhuang@Cox.local ~
╰─➤  docker ps                                                                                                                                                         130 ↵
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
d2568b5fe7b3        centos:6.9          "/bin/bash"         5 minutes ago       Up 5 minutes                            happy_mcclintock
5437aa4212f8        centos:6.8          "/bin/bash"         About an hour ago   Up About an hour                        gifted_fermat

第一列CONTAINER ID是容器的ID, 也就是进入容器后, root@后面显示的那串内容

STATUS是容器的状态, 容器的状态7种

STATUS	说明
created	已创建
restarting	重启中
running	运行中
removing	迁移中
paused	暂停
exited	停止
dead	死亡

#2.2 进入/退出容器

进入容器

# 进入容器
docker attach d2568b5fe7b3
# docker attach 容器ID

╭─coxhuang@Cox.local ~
╰─➤  docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
d2568b5fe7b3        centos:6.9          "/bin/bash"         33 minutes ago      Up 33 minutes                           happy_mcclintock
5437aa4212f8        centos:6.8          "/bin/bash"         About an hour ago   Up About an hour                        gifted_fermat
╭─coxhuang@Cox.local ~
╰─➤  docker attach d2568b5fe7b3
[root@d2568b5fe7b3 /]#

退出容器
exit

退出并杀死容器

╭─coxhuang@Cox.local ~
╰─➤  docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
5437aa4212f8        centos:6.8          "/bin/bash"         About an hour ago   Up About an hour                        gifted_fermat
╭─coxhuang@Cox.local ~
╰─➤  docker run -it centos:6.9  /bin/bash
[root@ced5ed59ec2c /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  sbin  selinux  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@ced5ed59ec2c /]# mkdir haha
[root@ced5ed59ec2c /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  haha  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  sbin  selinux  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@ced5ed59ec2c /]# exit
exit
╭─coxhuang@Cox.local ~
╰─➤  docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
5437aa4212f8        centos:6.8          "/bin/bash"         About an hour ago   Up About an hour                        gifted_fermat
╭─coxhuang@Cox.local ~
╰─➤  docker run -it centos:6.9  /bin/bash
[root@6e12db3af46f /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  sbin  selinux  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@6e12db3af46f /]#

Ctrl+Q+P

退出后,后台容器仍在运行

[root@6e12db3af46f /]# mkdir haha2
[root@6e12db3af46f /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  haha2  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  sbin  selinux  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@6e12db3af46f /]# %                                                                                                                                                     ╭─coxhuang@Cox.local ~
╰─➤  docker attach 6e12db3af46f
[root@6e12db3af46f /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  haha2  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  sbin  selinux  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@6e12db3af46f /]#

#3 在CentOS容器中使用MySQL

3.1 安装MySQL

安装wget

yum install -y wget

安装MySQL官方的 Yum Repository

wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

安装MySQL5.7

yum install -y mysql-server

启动MySQL

service mysqld start
或者
/etc/init.d/mysqld start

修改密码

https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1744744

进入MySQL

mysql -u root -p

#4 保存当前镜像

退出容器

exit

提交容器

docker commit 5437aa4212f8 centos:addmysql
# docker commit 容器ID 镜像名:TAG

[root@5437aa4212f8 /]# exit
exit
╭─coxhuang@Cox.local ~
╰─➤  docker commit 5437aa4212f8 centos:addmysql
sha256:25753ae423774c946936fd22ccb73d14967b0db87956b7fc0bed167e4049c572
╭─coxhuang@Cox.local ~
╰─➤  docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos              addmysql            25753ae42377        7 seconds ago       442MB
centos              6.8                 82f3b5f3c58f        9 months ago        195MB
centos              6.9                 2199b8eb8390        9 months ago        195MB
mysql               5.7.21              5195076672a7        22 months ago       371MB
╭─coxhuang@Cox.local ~
╰─➤  docker run -it centos:addmysql  /bin/bash
[root@cca8b56a08c2 /]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)
[root@cca8b56a08c2 /]# service mysqld start
Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]
[root@cca8b56a08c2 /]#