再谈openfeign,聊聊它的源代码
上篇文章我讲了openfeign的超时和重试。首先我想发2个勘误：
1.下面的2个配置对单个接口超时并没有起作用，作为eureka客户端使用时，起作用的其实是默认超时时间，作为普通http客户端时，起作用的其实也是默认超时时间。
hystrix.command.FeignAsHttpCient#feignReadTimeout().execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds=13000
hystrix.command.FeignAsEurekaClient#feignReadTimeout().execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds=230002.openfeign作为普通客户端，其实是可以重试的。
看了本文的源码解读，就可以搞明白上面的2个问题了。
Feignclient注册
服务启动时，feignclient需要注册为spring的bean，具体实现代码在FeignClientsRegistrar，这个类实现了ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar，spring初始化容器的时候会扫描实现这个接口的方法，进行bean注册。
接口定义的方法是registerBeanDefinitions，FeignClientsRegistrar的实现如下：
public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata metadata,
BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
registerDefaultConfiguration(metadata, registry);
registerFeignClients(metadata, registry);
}
private void registerDefaultConfiguration(AnnotationMetadata metadata,
BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
Map<String, Object> defaultAttrs = metadata
.getAnnotationAttributes(EnableFeignClients.class.getName(), true);
if (defaultAttrs != null && defaultAttrs.containsKey("defaultConfiguration")) {
String name;
if (metadata.hasEnclosingClass()) {
name = "default." + metadata.getEnclosingClassName();
}
else {
name = "default." + metadata.getClassName();//name="default.boot.Application"
}
registerClientConfiguration(registry, name,
defaultAttrs.get("defaultConfiguration"));
}
}下面这个方法看过spring代码的就熟悉了，一个bean的注册：
private void registerClientConfiguration(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, Object name,
Object configuration) {
BeanDefinitionBuilder builder = BeanDefinitionBuilder
.genericBeanDefinition(FeignClientSpecification.class);
builder.addConstructorArgValue(name);
builder.addConstructorArgValue(configuration);
registry.registerBeanDefinition(
//这里name="default.boot.Application.FeignClientSpecification"，
//bean="org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClientSpecification"
name + "." + FeignClientSpecification.class.getSimpleName(),
builder.getBeanDefinition());
}下面的代码是注册Feign客户端：
public void registerFeignClients(AnnotationMetadata metadata,
BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider scanner = getScanner();
scanner.setResourceLoader(this.resourceLoader);
//配置要扫描的basePackage，这里是"boot"(@SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = {"boot"}))
for (String basePackage : basePackages) {
Set<BeanDefinition> candidateComponents = scanner
.findCandidateComponents(basePackage);
for (BeanDefinition candidateComponent : candidateComponents) {
if (candidateComponent instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
// verify annotated class is an interface
AnnotatedBeanDefinition beanDefinition = (AnnotatedBeanDefinition) candidateComponent;
AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata = beanDefinition.getMetadata();
Assert.isTrue(annotationMetadata.isInterface(),
"@FeignClient can only be specified on an interface");
//找出注解是FeignClient的attributes，注册到spring容器
Map<String, Object> attributes = annotationMetadata
.getAnnotationAttributes(
FeignClient.class.getCanonicalName());
String name = getClientName(attributes);//这里的name是springboot-mybatis
registerClientConfiguration(registry, name,
attributes.get("configuration"));
//这个方法就不讲了，封装BeanDefinition，注册到spring容器
registerFeignClient(registry, annotationMetadata, attributes);
}
}
}
}FeignClient初始化
Feign客户端的初始化在FeignClientFactoryBean类，这个类实现了FactoryBean接口，在getObject,这里的uml类图如下：
getObject方法的代码如下：
<T> T getTarget() {
FeignContext context = applicationContext.getBean(FeignContext.class);
Feign.Builder builder = feign(context);
//如果feignClient没有指定url，就走这个分支，这里会通过ribbon走负载均衡
if (!StringUtils.hasText(this.url)) {
if (!this.name.startsWith("http")) {
url = "http://" + this.name;
}
else {
url = this.name;
}
//http://springboot-mybatis
url += cleanPath();
return (T) loadBalance(builder, context, new HardCodedTarget<>(this.type,
this.name, url));
}
//feignClient指定了url，走到这儿
if (StringUtils.hasText(this.url) && !this.url.startsWith("http")) {
this.url = "http://" + this.url;
}
//url = "http://localhost:8083"
String url = this.url + cleanPath();
//LoadBalancerFeignClient
Client client = getOptional(context, Client.class);
if (client != null) {
if (client instanceof LoadBalancerFeignClient) {
// not load balancing because we have a url,
// but ribbon is on the classpath, so unwrap
//OKHttpClient
client = ((LoadBalancerFeignClient)client).getDelegate();
}
builder.client(client);
}
//这里是HystrixTargeter，不知道为什么总是不用DefaultTargeter
Targeter targeter = get(context, Targeter.class);
return (T) targeter.target(this, builder, context, new HardCodedTarget<>(
this.type, this.name, url));
}我们先来看一下FeignClient不指定url的情况，代码如下：
protected <T> T loadBalance(Feign.Builder builder, FeignContext context,
HardCodedTarget<T> target) {
//这里的client是LoadBalancerFeignClient
Client client = getOptional(context, Client.class);
if (client != null) {
builder.client(client);
//这里的targeter是HystrixTargeter
Targeter targeter = get(context, Targeter.class);
return targeter.target(this, builder, context, target);
}
throw new IllegalStateException(
"No Feign Client for loadBalancing defined. Did you forget to include spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon?");
}再看看HystrixTargeter中的target
public <T> T target(FeignClientFactoryBean factory, Feign.Builder feign, FeignContext context,
Target.HardCodedTarget<T> target) {
if (!(feign instanceof feign.hystrix.HystrixFeign.Builder)) {
return feign.target(target);
}
feign.hystrix.HystrixFeign.Builder builder = (feign.hystrix.HystrixFeign.Builder) feign;
SetterFactory setterFactory = getOptional(factory.getName(), context,
SetterFactory.class);
if (setterFactory != null) {
builder.setterFactory(setterFactory);
}
Class<?> fallback = factory.getFallback();
if (fallback != void.class) {
return targetWithFallback(factory.getName(), context, target, builder, fallback);
}
Class<?> fallbackFactory = factory.getFallbackFactory();
if (fallbackFactory != void.class) {
return targetWithFallbackFactory(factory.getName(), context, target, builder, fallbackFactory);
}
//这里返回的是一个HardCodedTarget的代理，HardCodedTarget(type=FeignAsEurekaClient, name=springboot-mybatis, url=http://springboot-mybatis)
//FeignAsEurekaClient就是我demo中的feign客户端类，可以看出，这里是为FeignAsEurekaClient做了一个代理
return feign.target(target);
}上面targe返回的对象debug内容如下：
proxy = {$Proxy168@11372} "HardCodedTarget(type=FeignAsEurekaClient, name=springboot-mybatis, url=http://springboot-mybatis)"
h = {HystrixInvocationHandler@11366} "HardCodedTarget(type=FeignAsEurekaClient, name=springboot-mybatis, url=http://springboot-mybatis)"
target = {Target$HardCodedTarget@11142} "HardCodedTarget(type=FeignAsEurekaClient, name=springboot-mybatis, url=http://springboot-mybatis)"
type = {Class@9295} "interface boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient"
name = "springboot-mybatis"
url = "http://springboot-mybatis"
dispatch = {LinkedHashMap@11346} size = 5
{Method@11392} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.getEmployeebyName(java.lang.String)" -> {SynchronousMethodHandler@11431}
{Method@11393} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.saveEmployeebyName(boot.feign.Employee)" -> {SynchronousMethodHandler@11432}
{Method@11394} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.feignReadTimeout()" -> {SynchronousMethodHandler@11433}
{Method@11395} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.uploadFile(org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile)" -> {SynchronousMethodHandler@11434}
{Method@11396} "public abstract feign.Response boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.downloadFile(java.lang.String)" -> {SynchronousMethodHandler@11435}
fallbackFactory = null
fallbackMethodMap = {LinkedHashMap@11382} size = 5
{Method@11392} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.getEmployeebyName(java.lang.String)" -> {Method@11392} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.getEmployeebyName(java.lang.String)"
{Method@11393} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.saveEmployeebyName(boot.feign.Employee)" -> {Method@11393} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.saveEmployeebyName(boot.feign.Employee)"
{Method@11394} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.feignReadTimeout()" -> {Method@11394} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.feignReadTimeout()"
{Method@11395} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.uploadFile(org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile)" -> {Method@11395} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.uploadFile(org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile)"
{Method@11396} "public abstract feign.Response boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.downloadFile(java.lang.String)" -> {Method@11396} "public abstract feign.Response boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.downloadFile(java.lang.String)"
setterMethodMap = {LinkedHashMap@11383} size = 5
{Method@11392} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.getEmployeebyName(java.lang.String)" -> {HystrixCommand$Setter@11414}
{Method@11393} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.saveEmployeebyName(boot.feign.Employee)" -> {HystrixCommand$Setter@11415}
{Method@11394} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.feignReadTimeout()" -> {HystrixCommand$Setter@11416}
{Method@11395} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.uploadFile(org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile)" -> {HystrixCommand$Setter@11417}
{Method@11396} "public abstract feign.Response boot.feign.FeignAsEurekaClient.downloadFile(java.lang.String)" -> {HystrixCommand$Setter@11418}我们再来看一下FeignClient指定url的情况，这种情况跟不指定url类似，只是代理的类中有url值。debug发现使用的代理也是HardCodedTarget，代码如下：
proxy = {$Proxy161@11205} "HardCodedTarget(type=FeignAsHttpCient, name=feign, url=http://localhost:8083)"
h = {ReflectiveFeign$FeignInvocationHandler@11201} "HardCodedTarget(type=FeignAsHttpCient, name=feign, url=http://localhost:8083)"
target = {Target$HardCodedTarget@11192} "HardCodedTarget(type=FeignAsHttpCient, name=feign, url=http://localhost:8083)"
type = {Class@9298} "interface boot.feign.FeignAsHttpCient"
name = "feign"
url = "http://localhost:8083"
dispatch = {LinkedHashMap@11194} size = 1
{Method@11221} "public abstract java.lang.String boot.feign.FeignAsHttpCient.feignReadTimeout()" -> {SynchronousMethodHandler@11222}从上面的代码分析中，我们看出，这2种方式的主要不同是，如果不指定url，则给Feign传入的是LoadBalancerFeignClient，它是一个装饰器，里面的delegate指定了实际的client，这里是OkHttpClient。而如果指定了url，给Feign传入的就是实际的httpclient，这里是OKHttpClient。
上面使用了代理，这里的UML类图如下：
通过这张图，我们可以看到代理是怎么最终走到OkHttpClient的。如果使用了熔断，则使用HystrixInvocationHandler，否则使用FeignInvocationHandler，他们的invoke方法最终都调用了SynchronousMethodHandler的invoke，这里最终调用了底层的OkHttpClient。
指定url
上面的类图看出，SynchronousMethodHandler这个类的invoke方法是上面的代理中反射触发的方法，我们来看一下：
public Object invoke(Object[] argv) throws Throwable {
//RequestTemplate封装RequestTemplate
RequestTemplate template = buildTemplateFromArgs.create(argv);
Retryer retryer = this.retryer.clone();
while (true) {
try {
return executeAndDecode(template);
} catch (RetryableException e) {
//这里可以看出，无论是不是指定url，都会走重试的逻辑，默认重试是不生效的
try {
retryer.continueOrPropagate(e);
} catch (RetryableException th) {
Throwable cause = th.getCause();
if (propagationPolicy == UNWRAP && cause != null) {
throw cause;
} else {
throw th;
}
}
if (logLevel != Logger.Level.NONE) {
logger.logRetry(metadata.configKey(), logLevel);
}
continue;
}
}
}
Object executeAndDecode(RequestTemplate template) throws Throwable {
Request request = targetRequest(template);
Response response;
long start = System.nanoTime();
try {
//这里调用OkHttpClient，这个并不是原生的那个OkHttpClient，而是Feign封装的，看下面的讲解
response = client.execute(request, options);
} catch (IOException e) {
if (logLevel != Logger.Level.NONE) {
logger.logIOException(metadata.configKey(), logLevel, e, elapsedTime(start));
}
throw errorExecuting(request, e);
}
long elapsedTime = TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMillis(System.nanoTime() - start);
boolean shouldClose = true;
try {
//省略部分代码
//处理响应
if (response.status() >= 200 && response.status() < 300) {
if (void.class == metadata.returnType()) {
return null;
} else {
Object result = decode(response);
shouldClose = closeAfterDecode;
return result;
}
} else if (decode404 && response.status() == 404 && void.class != metadata.returnType()) {
Object result = decode(response);
shouldClose = closeAfterDecode;
return result;
} else {
throw errorDecoder.decode(metadata.configKey(), response);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
if (logLevel != Logger.Level.NONE) {
logger.logIOException(metadata.configKey(), logLevel, e, elapsedTime);
}
throw errorReading(request, response, e);
} finally {
if (shouldClose) {
ensureClosed(response.body());
}
}
}前面我们讲过，如果指定了url，就不走ribbon的LoadBalance了，而是直接用httpclient去发送请求。其实说"直接"，也不完全是直接，因为feign封装了一个自己的OkHttpClient，并且有自己的Request，Response。
OkHttpClient这个装饰器类首先包含了一个okhttp3.OkHttpClient的客户端，发送请求的时候，首先把feign.Request转换成okhttp的Request，而接收响应的时候，会把okhttp的Response转换成feign.Response，代码如下：
feign.Request转换成okhttp的Request
static Request toOkHttpRequest(feign.Request input) {
Request.Builder requestBuilder = new Request.Builder();
requestBuilder.url(input.url());//封装url
MediaType mediaType = null;
boolean hasAcceptHeader = false;
//封装headers
for (String field : input.headers().keySet()) {
if (field.equalsIgnoreCase("Accept")) {
hasAcceptHeader = true;
}
for (String value : input.headers().get(field)) {
requestBuilder.addHeader(field, value);
if (field.equalsIgnoreCase("Content-Type")) {
mediaType = MediaType.parse(value);
if (input.charset() != null) {
mediaType.charset(input.charset());
}
}
}
}
// Some servers choke on the default accept string.
if (!hasAcceptHeader) {
requestBuilder.addHeader("Accept", "*/*");
}
byte[] inputBody = input.body();
boolean isMethodWithBody =
HttpMethod.POST == input.httpMethod() || HttpMethod.PUT == input.httpMethod()
|| HttpMethod.PATCH == input.httpMethod();
if (isMethodWithBody) {
requestBuilder.removeHeader("Content-Type");
if (inputBody == null) {
// write an empty BODY to conform with okhttp 2.4.0+
// http://johnfeng.github.io/blog/2015/06/30/okhttp-updates-post-wouldnt-be-allowed-to-have-null-body/
inputBody = new byte[0];
}
}
//封装body
RequestBody body = inputBody != null ? RequestBody.create(mediaType, inputBody) : null;
requestBuilder.method(input.httpMethod().name(), body);
return requestBuilder.build();
}把okhttp的Response转换成feign.Response
private static feign.Response toFeignResponse(Response response, feign.Request request)
throws IOException {
return feign.Response.builder()
.status(response.code())
.reason(response.message())
.request(request)
.headers(toMap(response.headers()))
.body(toBody(response.body()))
.build();
}发送请求的方法
public feign.Response execute(feign.Request input, feign.Request.Options options)
throws IOException {
okhttp3.OkHttpClient requestScoped;
//这里delegate的connectTimeoutMillis默认是2000，delegate的readTimeoutMillis默认是100000
//从代码可以看到，如果配置了options的超时时间跟不一样，会被替换掉
/**
*比如下面的时间设置就会替换掉默认时间
*feign.client.config.default.connectTimeout=3000
*feign.client.config.default.readTimeout=13000
*
*网上说的对单个接口设置超时时间，下面这个超时时间是不生效的，从源码中我们也能看到了
*hystrix.command.FeignAsHttpCient#feignReadTimeout().execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds=13000
*
*也可以看出，要想自定义超时，最好的方法就是给Request定制Options
*
*/
if (delegate.connectTimeoutMillis() != options.connectTimeoutMillis()
|| delegate.readTimeoutMillis() != options.readTimeoutMillis()) {
requestScoped = delegate.newBuilder()
.connectTimeout(options.connectTimeoutMillis(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
.readTimeout(options.readTimeoutMillis(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
.followRedirects(options.isFollowRedirects())
.build();
} else {
requestScoped = delegate;
}
Request request = toOkHttpRequest(input);
Response response = requestScoped.newCall(request).execute();
return toFeignResponse(response, input).toBuilder().request(input).build();
}到这里，我们就讲完了指定url的FeignClient请求流程，相信你对超时和重试也有了一定的认识。
不指定url
上一节的UML类图我们可以看出，无论是否指定url，最终都是要从SynchronousMethodHandler类的executeAndDecode方法调用HttpClient。不指定url的情况下，使用的client是LoadBalancerFeignClient。我们看一下他的execute方法：
public Response execute(Request request, Request.Options options) throws IOException {
try {
//asUri="http://springboot-mybatis/feign/feignReadTimeout"
URI asUri = URI.create(request.url());
String clientName = asUri.getHost();//springboot-mybatis
URI uriWithoutHost = cleanUrl(request.url(), clientName);//http:///feign/feignReadTimeout
//下面封装了OkHttpClient,默认连接超时是2s，读超时是10s
FeignLoadBalancer.RibbonRequest ribbonRequest = new FeignLoadBalancer.RibbonRequest(
this.delegate, request, uriWithoutHost);
//这里如果配置了feign相关的配置，就是我们配置的，否则就是默认的DEFAULT_OPTIONS
IClientConfig requestConfig = getClientConfig(options, clientName);
return lbClient(clientName).executeWithLoadBalancer(ribbonRequest,
requestConfig).toResponse();
}
catch (ClientException e) {
IOException io = findIOException(e);
if (io != null) {
throw io;
}
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}上面的executeWithLoadBalancer调用了AbstractLoadBalancerAwareClient的executeWithLoadBalancer方法，代码如下：
public T executeWithLoadBalancer(final S request, final IClientConfig requestConfig) throws ClientException {
LoadBalancerCommand<T> command = buildLoadBalancerCommand(request, requestConfig);
try {
return command.submit(
new ServerOperation<T>() {
@Override
public Observable<T> call(Server server) {
//这里的finalUri是http://192.168.0.118:8083/feign/feignReadTimeout
URI finalUri = reconstructURIWithServer(server, request.getUri());//这个就是一个拼接url的方法，不细讲了
//下面的requestForServer是FeignLoadBalancer，看上面的UML类图，是AbstractLoadBalancerAwareClient的子类
S requestForServer = (S) request.replaceUri(finalUri);
try {
return Observable.just(AbstractLoadBalancerAwareClient.this.execute(requestForServer, requestConfig));
}
catch (Exception e) {
return Observable.error(e);
}
}
})
.toBlocking()
.single();
} catch (Exception e) {
Throwable t = e.getCause();
if (t instanceof ClientException) {
throw (ClientException) t;
} else {
throw new ClientException(e);
}
}
}上面的execute方法执行的是FeignLoadBalancer里面的execute方法，代码如下：
public RibbonResponse execute(RibbonRequest request, IClientConfig configOverride)
throws IOException {
Request.Options options;
if (configOverride != null) {
/**
* 下面就是我们配置的超时时间，在这里被替换到了Request的Options中，XXX是default或者是服务名
* feign.client.config.XXX.connectTimeout=3000
* feign.client.config.XXX.readTimeout=7000
*/
RibbonProperties override = RibbonProperties.from(configOverride);
options = new Request.Options(
override.connectTimeout(this.connectTimeout),
override.readTimeout(this.readTimeout));
}
else {
options = new Request.Options(this.connectTimeout, this.readTimeout);
}
//这个request里面的client就是OkHttpClient
Response response = request.client().execute(request.toRequest(), options);
return new RibbonResponse(request.getUri(), response);
}后面的逻辑就是feign.okhttp.OkHttpClient的execute方法了，跟上节介绍的一样，这里不再赘述了。
可以看出，不指定url的情况，会使用ribbon做负载均衡，并对feign的Request和Response进行了一层封装，封装类是RibbonRequest和RibbonResponse。
ribbon负载
顺带讲一下ribbon的负载吧。上面的讲解中提到了AbstractLoadBalancerAwareClient的executeWithLoadBalancer方法，我们再贴一次代码：
public T executeWithLoadBalancer(final S request, final IClientConfig requestConfig) throws ClientException {
LoadBalancerCommand<T> command = buildLoadBalancerCommand(request, requestConfig);
try {
return command.submit(
new ServerOperation<T>() {
@Override
public Observable<T> call(Server server) {
//这里的finalUri是http://192.168.0.118:8083/feign/feignReadTimeout
URI finalUri = reconstructURIWithServer(server, request.getUri());//这个就是一个拼接url的方法，不细讲了
//下面的requestForServer是FeignLoadBalancer，看上面的UML类图，是AbstractLoadBalancerAwareClient的子类
S requestForServer = (S) request.replaceUri(finalUri);
try {
return Observable.just(AbstractLoadBalancerAwareClient.this.execute(requestForServer, requestConfig));
}
catch (Exception e) {
return Observable.error(e);
}
}
})
.toBlocking()
.single();
} catch (Exception e) {
Throwable t = e.getCause();
if (t instanceof ClientException) {
throw (ClientException) t;
} else {
throw new ClientException(e);
}
}
}我们看一下上面的command.submit方法，这个方法调用了LoadBalancerCommand的submit方法，代码如下：
public Observable<T> submit(final ServerOperation<T> operation) {
final ExecutionInfoContext context = new ExecutionInfoContext();
/**
* 下面的配置就是当前server请求失败后再重试一次，如果还失败，就请求下一个server，如过还了3个server都失败，就返回错误了
*# 对当前server的重试次数，默认是0
*ribbon.maxAutoRetries=1
*# 切换实例的重试次数，默认是0
*ribbon.maxAutoRetriesNextServer=3
*# 对所有操作请求都进行重试，这里建议不要设置成true，否则会对所有操作请求都进行重试
*ribbon.okToRetryOnAllOperations=true
*# 根据Http响应码进行重试
*ribbon.retryableStatusCodes=500,404,502
**/
final int maxRetrysSame = retryHandler.getMaxRetriesOnSameServer();
final int maxRetrysNext = retryHandler.getMaxRetriesOnNextServer();
// Use the load balancer
Observable<T> o =
(server == null ? selectServer() : Observable.just(server))
.concatMap(new Func1<Server, Observable<T>>() {
//省略部分代码
});
//如果没有获取到，那就重试
if (maxRetrysNext > 0 && server == null)
o = o.retry(retryPolicy(maxRetrysNext, false));
return o.onErrorResumeNext(new Func1<Throwable, Observable<T>>() {
//省略部分代码
});
}我们看一下selectServer方法：
private Observable<Server> selectServer() {
return Observable.create(new OnSubscribe<Server>() {
@Override
public void call(Subscriber<? super Server> next) {
try {
Server server = loadBalancerContext.getServerFromLoadBalancer(loadBalancerURI, loadBalancerKey);
next.onNext(server);
next.onCompleted();
} catch (Exception e) {
next.onError(e);
}
}
});
}继续跟踪，我们来看getServerFromLoadBalancer方法：
public Server getServerFromLoadBalancer(@Nullable URI original, @Nullable Object loadBalancerKey) throws ClientException {
String host = null;
int port = -1;
if (original != null) {
host = original.getHost();
}
if (original != null) {
Pair<String, Integer> schemeAndPort = deriveSchemeAndPortFromPartialUri(original);
port = schemeAndPort.second();
}
// Various Supported Cases
// The loadbalancer to use and the instances it has is based on how it was registered
// In each of these cases, the client might come in using Full Url or Partial URL
ILoadBalancer lb = getLoadBalancer();
if (host == null) {
// Partial URI or no URI Case
// well we have to just get the right instances from lb - or we fall back
if (lb != null){
Server svc = lb.chooseServer(loadBalancerKey);
//省略代码
host = svc.getHost();
if (host == null){
throw new ClientException(ClientException.ErrorType.GENERAL,
"Invalid Server for :" + svc);
}
logger.debug("{} using LB returned Server: {} for request {}", new Object[]{clientName, svc, original});
return svc;
} else {//省略代码
}
} else {//省略代码
}
// end of creating final URL
if (host == null){
throw new ClientException(ClientException.ErrorType.GENERAL,"Request contains no HOST to talk to");
}
// just verify that at this point we have a full URL
return new Server(host, port);
}简单看一下上面这个ILoadBalancer，这里是一个ZoneAwareLoadBalancer，里面保存的服务的server列表和状态:
lb = {ZoneAwareLoadBalancer@14492} "DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=springboot-mybatis,current list of Servers=[192.168.0.118:8083],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: ]}ServerList:org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.eureka.DomainExtractingServerList@43db1f5d"
balancers = {ConcurrentHashMap@17695} size = 1
"defaultzone" -> {BaseLoadBalancer@17904} "{NFLoadBalancer:name=springboot-mybatis_defaultzone,current list of Servers=[192.168.0.118:8083],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {]\n]}"通过这个负载均衡器，feign就可以获取到一个server地址，然后把请求发送出去。
总结
openfeign作为eureka客户端和普通http客户端，有所不同。作为eureka客户端时，不用指定url，使用ribbon封装了请求和响应，并且通过ribbon作为负载均衡。
openfeign作为eureka客户端和普通http客户端，都是可以重试的。因为都是通过SynchronousMethodHandler这个类invoke来触发的，失败了都会捕获RetryableException。但是要知道，默认配置是不支持重试的。
openfeign作为eureka客户端和普通http客户端，对单个接口设置超时时间，都是不生效的，实际上还是使用了默认的超时时间。
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原始发表：2020-11-17，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除
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