python3获取网页天气预报信息并打印

https://www.sojson.com/open/api/weather/json.shtml?city=%E6%88%90%E9%83%BD

打算用python从上面获取预报信息，打印下来

代码如下：

  1 #python 3.6
  2 #!/usr/bin/env python
  3 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
  4 __author__ = 'BH8ANK'
  5 
  6 
  7 import urllib.request
  8 import time
  9 import ssl
 10 import json
 11 # #weather = "https://www.baidu.com"
 12 time.sleep(3)    #此处等待3秒主要是对应网页提示，三秒内只能访问一次
 13 ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context
 14 url = r"https://www.sojson.com/open/api/weather/json.shtml?city=%E6%88%90%E9%83%BD"#一个提供区域天气预报的url
 15 
 16 
 17 
 18 page = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
 19 # # ssl._create_default_https_context=ssl._create_unverified_context
 20 html = page.read().decode("utf-8")
 21 
 22 
 23 '''
 24     json.dumps()和json.loads()是json格式处理函数（可以这么理解，json是字符串）
 25     (1)json.dumps()函数是将一个Python数据类型列表进行json格式的编码（可以这么理解，json.dumps()函数是将字典转化为字符串）
 26     (2)json.loads()函数是将json格式数据转换为字典（可以这么理解，json.loads()函数是将字符串转化为字典）
 27 '''
 28 
 29 res = json.loads(html)
 30 a = json.dumps(res, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)          #将读取到的内容格式化，这样就可以看到有缩进、换行的内容
 31 # print(a)
 32 fp = open(r"C:\Users\xxx\Documents\weather.txt", "w",encoding='UTF-8') #将读取内容保存到文件
 33 fp.write(a) #写入数据
 34 fp.close() #关闭文件
 35 
 36 res = json.loads(a) #将json转化为dict
 37 # print(res)
 38 
 39 '''
 40 通过查看抓到的代码，发现dict中嵌套了dict，所以需要把对应的dict取出来
 41 同样，forecast中，在list里嵌套了dict，需要仔细查看并设置中间变量
 42 '''
 43 today = res['data']
 44 yesterday = today['yesterday']
 45 forcast = today['forecast']
 46 tomorrow = forcast[0]      #注意看res文件内容，forecast其实是一个list，其元素才是dict
 47 
 48 print("\n\n")
 49 print("===============今日天气===============")
 50 print("日期：       ",res['date'])
 51 print("城市：       ",res['city'])
 52 print("温度：       ",today['wendu'])
 53 print("湿度：       ",today['shidu'])
 54 print("PM2.5：     ",today['pm25'])
 55 print("空气质量：    ",today['quality'])
 56 
 57 print("\n\n")
 58 print("===============昨日天气===============")
 59 print("日期：          ",yesterday['date'])
 60 print("城市：          ",res['city'])
 61 print("最高温度：       ",yesterday['high'])
 62 print("最低温度：       ",yesterday['low'])
 63 print("天气状况：       ",yesterday['type'])
 64 # print("PM2.5：     ",today['pm25'])
 65 # print("空气质量：    ",today['quality'])
 66 
 67 print("\n\n")
 68 print("===============明日预报===============")
 69 print("日期：          ",tomorrow['date'])
 70 print("城市：          ",res['city'])
 71 print("最高温度：       ",tomorrow['high'])
 72 print("最低温度：       ",tomorrow['low'])
 73 print("天气状况：       ",tomorrow['type'])
 74 print("温馨提醒：       ",tomorrow['notice'])
 75 # print("PM2.5：     ",today['pm25'])
 76 # print("空气质量：    ",today['quality'])
 77 
 78 
 79 
 80 
 81 
 82 '''
 83 下面是文件中的全部内容,主要是分清楚dict和list的层次，设置好中间变量，取出对应元素
 84 {
 85     "date": "20180426",
 86     "message": "Success !",
 87     "status": 200,
 88     "city": "成都",
 89     "count": 627,
 90     "data": {
 91         "shidu": "77%",
 92         "pm25": 19.0,
 93         "pm10": 40.0,
 94         "quality": "优",
 95         "wendu": "17",
 96         "ganmao": "各类人群可自由活动",
 97         "yesterday": {
 98             "date": "25日星期三",
 99             "sunrise": "06:28",
100             "high": "高温 22.0℃",
101             "low": "低温 14.0℃",
102             "sunset": "19:37",
103             "aqi": 34.0,
104             "fx": "无持续风向",
105             "fl": "<3级",
106             "type": "阴",
107             "notice": "不要被阴云遮挡住好心情"
108         },
109         "forecast": [
110             {
111                 "date": "26日星期四",
112                 "sunrise": "06:27",
113                 "high": "高温 25.0℃",
114                 "low": "低温 15.0℃",
115                 "sunset": "19:38",
116                 "aqi": 51.0,
117                 "fx": "无持续风向",
118                 "fl": "<3级",
119                 "type": "多云",
120                 "notice": "阴晴之间，谨防紫外线侵扰"
121             },
122             {
123                 "date": "27日星期五",
124                 "sunrise": "06:26",
125                 "high": "高温 27.0℃",
126                 "low": "低温 16.0℃",
127                 "sunset": "19:39",
128                 "aqi": 79.0,
129                 "fx": "无持续风向",
130                 "fl": "<3级",
131                 "type": "多云",
132                 "notice": "阴晴之间，谨防紫外线侵扰"
133             },
134             {
135                 "date": "28日星期六",
136                 "sunrise": "06:25",
137                 "high": "高温 26.0℃",
138                 "low": "低温 17.0℃",
139                 "sunset": "19:39",
140                 "aqi": 79.0,
141                 "fx": "无持续风向",
142                 "fl": "<3级",
143                 "type": "多云",
144                 "notice": "阴晴之间，谨防紫外线侵扰"
145             },
146             {
147                 "date": "29日星期日",
148                 "sunrise": "06:24",
149                 "high": "高温 27.0℃",
150                 "low": "低温 18.0℃",
151                 "sunset": "19:40",
152                 "aqi": 71.0,
153                 "fx": "无持续风向",
154                 "fl": "<3级",
155                 "type": "多云",
156                 "notice": "阴晴之间，谨防紫外线侵扰"
157             },
158             {
159                 "date": "30日星期一",
160                 "sunrise": "06:23",
161                 "high": "高温 25.0℃",
162                 "low": "低温 17.0℃",
163                 "sunset": "19:41",
164                 "aqi": 66.0,
165                 "fx": "无持续风向",
166                 "fl": "<3级",
167                 "type": "小雨",
168                 "notice": "雨虽小，注意保暖别感冒"
169             }
170         ]
171     }
172 }
173 
174 '''