每天学一个 Linux 命令（79）：parted

parted [options] [device [command [options...]...]]

-a  #为新创建的分区设置对齐方式
-h  #显示帮助信息
-i  #交互式模式
-s  #脚本模式
-v  #显示版本号
-l  #列出所有块设备上的分区布局
-m  #显示机器可解析的输出

[root@centos7 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0003116d

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200    41943039    19921920   8e  Linux LVM

#新加的10GB磁盘
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

[root@centos7 ~]# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 3.1
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) help      #帮助信息                                                        
  align-check TYPE N                        check partition N for TYPE(min|opt) alignment
  help [COMMAND]                           print general help, or help on COMMAND
  mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE               create a new disklabel (partition table)
  mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END     make a partition
  name NUMBER NAME                         name partition NUMBER as NAME
  print [devices|free|list,all|NUMBER]     display the partition table, available devices, free space, all found partitions, or a particular partition
  quit                                     exit program
  rescue START END                         rescue a lost partition near START and END
  
  resizepart NUMBER END                    resize partition NUMBER
  rm NUMBER                                delete partition NUMBER
  select DEVICE                            choose the device to edit
  disk_set FLAG STATE                      change the FLAG on selected device
  disk_toggle [FLAG]                       toggle the state of FLAG on selected device
  set NUMBER FLAG STATE                    change the FLAG on partition NUMBER
  toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]]                   toggle the state of FLAG on partition NUMBER
  unit UNIT                                set the default unit to UNIT
  version                                  display the version number and copyright information of GNU Parted
(parted) mklabel gpt   #修改磁盘分区结构为gpt
Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sdb will be destroyed and all data on this disk will be lost. Do you want to continue?
Yes/No? yes                                                               
(parted) mkpart   #执行分区                                                        
Partition name?  []? primary      #主分区                                        
File system type?  [ext2]? ext4   #文件系统类型                                   
Start? 1                                                                  
End? 10000    

(parted) p     #打印分区表                                                           
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name     Flags
 1      1049kB  10.0GB  9999MB               primary
(parted) q                                                                
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

[root@centos7 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
/dev/sdb is entire device, not just one partition!
Proceed anyway? (y,n) y
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
655360 inodes, 2621440 blocks
131072 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2151677952
80 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 
done
[root@centos7 ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                 475M     0  475M   0% /dev
tmpfs                    487M     0  487M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    487M  7.7M  479M   2% /run
tmpfs                    487M     0  487M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   17G  2.0G   16G  12% /
/dev/sda1               1014M  167M  848M  17% /boot
tmpfs                     98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0
[root@centos7 ~]# mount /dev/sdb /opt/
[root@centos7 ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                 475M     0  475M   0% /dev
tmpfs                    487M     0  487M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    487M  7.7M  479M   2% /run
tmpfs                    487M     0  487M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   17G  2.0G   16G  12% /
/dev/sda1               1014M  167M  848M  17% /boot
tmpfs                     98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb                 9.8G   37M  9.2G   1% /opt