R语言 多图布局一个函数就够：plot_layout

install.packages("patchwork")
library(patchwork)
??plot_layout

# 重要参数解释
plot_layout(
  ncol = NULL, # 设置列数
  nrow = NULL, # 设置行数
  byrow = NULL, # 设置案列输出方式 行 or 列
  widths = NULL, # 设置宽度
  heights = NULL, # 设置高度
  guides = NULL,
  tag_level = NULL,
  design = NULL
)

library(ggplot2)
library(patchwork)
p1 <- ggplot(mtcars) + geom_point(aes(mpg, disp))
p2 <- ggplot(mtcars) + geom_boxplot(aes(gear, disp, group = gear))
p3 <- ggplot(mtcars) + geom_bar(aes(gear)) + facet_wrap(~cyl)
p4 <- ggplot(mtcars) + geom_bar(aes(carb))
p5 <- ggplot(mtcars) + geom_violin(aes(cyl, mpg, group = cyl))
# The plots are layed out automatically by default
# 默认按照行排序
p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5
# 效果见下图

# Use byrow to change how the grid is filled out
# 设置按照列诸葛输出
p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + plot_layout(byrow = FALSE)
# 效果见下图

# Change the grid dimensions
# 设置布局列数和宽度
p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + plot_layout(ncol = 2, widths = c(1, 2))
# 效果见下图

# Define layout at different nesting levels
# 定义不同嵌套级别的布局
p1 +
  p2 +
  (p3 +
     p4 +
     plot_layout(ncol = 1)
  ) +
  p5 +
  plot_layout(widths = c(2, 1))
# 效果见下图

# Complex layouts can be created with the `design` argument
#可以使用“design”参数创建复杂的布局
design <- c(
  area(1, 1, 2),
  area(1, 2, 1, 3),
  area(2, 3, 3),
  area(3, 1, 3, 2),
  area(2, 2))
p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + plot_layout(design = design)
# 效果见下图

# The same can be specified as a character string:
#可以将其指定为字符串：
design <- "
122
153
443
"
p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + plot_layout(design = design)
# 效果见下图

# When using strings to define the design `#` can be used to denote empty
#使用字符串定义设计时，`#`可用于表示空

# areas
#区域
design <- "
1##
123
##3
"
p1 + p2 + p3 + plot_layout(design = design)
# 效果见下图

# Use guides="collect" to remove duplicate guides
#使用guides=“collect”删除重复的辅助线
p6 <- ggplot(mtcars) + geom_point(aes(mpg, disp, color=cyl))
p7 <- ggplot(mtcars) + geom_point(aes(mpg, hp, color=cyl))
p6 + p7 + plot_layout(guides='collect')
# 效果见下图

# Guide position must be applied to entire patchwork
#导向位置必须应用于整个拼接
p6 + p7 + plot_layout(guides='collect') &
  theme(legend.position='bottom')
# 效果见下图