Ubuntu下安装GAMIT 10.40

用户8705048

修改于 2021-06-08 11:00:18

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修改于 2021-06-08 11:00:18

文章被收录于专栏：linux百科小宇宙linux百科小宇宙

从安装的过程来看，Ubuntu在台式机上会安装gcc，但是笔记本上则不会，所以在第一次装的时候并没有成功，虽然从头到尾都安装了，没有中断，但最后采用doy验证的时候没有通过。

下文是根据原文加自己的安装过程，总结出的内容，

红色是需要注意的地方

，

内容可能上下有出入，但不影响安装。

出入的部分主要是软件的版本显示问题（原文是GAMIT 10.34，我安装的是GAMIT 10.40）和安装路径。

首先，安装GCC,因为在root模式下，命令行没有sudo

(

首次安装系统，需为

ROOT

设置密码才能进入，在终端输入：

sudo passwd

输入完后，重启电脑，更改登录，以

root

账户登录

)

apt-get build-dep gcc

(

若出现未发现

CSH

软件包，输入

sudo apt-get update

，更新源，要求电脑必须联网，以下的软件安装的前提都是电脑连着互联网

)

链接1采用两种方法，比较了大小后决定采用第一条，就是上面的命令。

通过gcc --version确认版本为 GCC 4.4.5

Gamit安装需要csh（tcsh）环境、 GNU gfortran 4.2编译器和libx11－dev库支持。gfortran是软件推荐使用的编译器。libx11-dev是X11的程序开发库，它提供的lib.h和 libx11.a（libx11.so）是Gamit安装必须用到的两个库文件，主要是为Globk的提供图形库支持。以上三个条件却一不可。

ubuntu系统没有csh，默认为bash。因此要先安装csh。

ubuntu系统自带了gcc4.2，但是却没有安装gfortran编译器。而你安装时安装程序会调用默认的gfortran编译器，除非你指定gcc为你的编译器。

首先，以root身份登录，打开终端，输入

apt-get install csh

系统自动下载并安装csh，安装完成后在终端输入

chsh

提示

正在更改 root 的 SHELL

请输入新值，或直接敲回车键以使用默认值

登录 Shell [/bin/bash]:

输入

/bin/csh

修改bash为csh。重新起动ubuntu，并以root身份登录，打开终端，输入

# echo $SHELL

(“#

”是终端自带的符号，输入

echo $SHELL

即可

)

返回s“/bin/csh”,说明SHELL修改成功。

接着输入

apt-get install gfortran

系统自动下载并安装gfortran。

在输入

apt-get install libx11-dev

系统自动下载并安装libx11-dev库支持。

安装gamit 10.4

定位到gamit的安装路径

(

我的安装路径是

opt/gamit_globk

，此路径与后文的

.cshrc

保持一致，将

gamit

目录下

updates\source

下的文件全部拷贝至安装路径

)

准备工作：

chmod +x install_software

（增加

install_software

脚本的执行权限）

（

单击脚本，点显示）

修改install_software文件内容

“usr -name libX11.a”为"usr -name libX11.so"，一个是静态共享库，一个是动态共享库。

makefile.config，修改：

（

makefile.config

文件在

opt/gamit_globk/libraries

压缩包里）

# X11 library location - uncomment the appropriate one for your system

# Generic (will work on any system if links in place)

X11LIBPATH /usr/lib/X11

X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11

# Specific for Sun with OpenWindows

#X11LIBPATH /usr/openwin/lib

#X11INCPATH /usr/openwin/share/include/X11

# Specific for PC Solaris 10

#X11LIBPATH /usr/openwin/lib/

#X11INCPATH /usr/openwin/share/include/X11

# Specific to Linux RedHat 7,8 and 9, RH-FC1 -> 3

#X11LIBPATH /usr/X11R6/lib

#X11INCPATH /usr/X11R6/include/X11

# Specific to FC5

#X11LIBPATH /usr/lib

#X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11

# Specific for MIT HP and Sun for Release 5

#X11LIBPATH /usr/lib/X11R5

#X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11R5

# Specific for IBM AIX4.2

#X11LIBPATH /usr/lpp/X11/lib

#X11INCPATH /usr/lpp/X11/include

# Specific for MacOSX

#X11LIBPATH /usr/X11R6/lib

#X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11

为：

# X11 library location - uncomment the appropriate one for your system

# Generic (will work on any system if links in place)

#X11LIBPATH /usr/lib/X11

#X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11

# Specific for Sun with OpenWindows

#X11LIBPATH /usr/openwin/lib

#X11INCPATH /usr/openwin/share/include/X11

# Specific for PC Solaris 10

#X11LIBPATH /usr/openwin/lib/

#X11INCPATH /usr/openwin/share/include/X11

# Specific to Linux RedHat 7,8 and 9, RH-FC1 -> 3

#X11LIBPATH /usr/X11R6/lib

#X11INCPATH /usr/X11R6/include/X11

# Specific to FC5（F6,F7,F8 ）

X11LIBPATH /usr/lib

X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11

# Specific for MIT HP and Sun for Release 5

#X11LIBPATH /usr/lib/X11R5

#X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11R5

# Specific for IBM AIX4.2

#X11LIBPATH /usr/lpp/X11/lib

#X11INCPATH /usr/lpp/X11/include

# Specific for MacOSX

#X11LIBPATH /usr/X11R6/lib

#X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11

gamit/libraries压缩包里，修改Makefile.config/Makefile.config.bak中的一组参数

（要修改

Makefile.config.bak

，打开方式

gedit

）

MAXSIT 55

MAXSAT 32

MAXATM 13

MAXEPC 2880

将MAXATM改为25。

安装软件，执行 ./install_software

安装程序install_software启动，搜索安装目录/opt/gamit10.34下的全部压缩文件，提示

GAMIT and GLOBK to be installed into /opt/gamit10.34

If you need help with command line options type CTL_C now and type

install_software -help on the command line

The compressed tarfiles will be removed after extraction of the

directories, but except for that, the script may be stopped and

rerun safely from any point. Tarfiles to be uncompressed:

com.10.34.tar.Z etopo5.grd.10.0.tar example.10.34.tar.Z gamit.10.34.tar.Z help.10.34.tar.Z kf.10.34.tar.Z libraries.10.34.tar.Z maps.10.1.tar.Z tables.10.34.tar.Z

Continue ? (y/n)

输入字母“y”，开始解压缩安装文件，

.. uncompressing and extracting the directories:

Do you want to apply incremental updates: incremental_updates.080812.tar.Z incremental_updates.080919.tar.Z incremental_updates.081022.tar.Z

Continue ? (y/n)

输入字母“y”，开始解压缩安装文件，

.. applying incremental updates:

.. adding /opt/gamit10.34/com to your search path to continue installation

To execute GAMIT and GLOBK you will need to set your login path to

include /opt/gamit10.34/com /opt/gamit10.34/gamit/bin /opt/gamit10.34/kf/bin

You will also need the alias or link gg --> /opt/gamit10.34

Your Operating System type is: Linux

Your default awk version is: /usr/bin/awk

These are the default paths to X11 found in Makefile.config

X11LIBPATH: /usr/lib/X11

X11INCPATH: /usr/include/X11

Searching your system for X11 installation

Found these paths to X11 libs and includes on your system

X11LIBPATH: /usr/lib

X11INCPATH: /usr/include/X11

Are these correct for your system?

Continue? (y/n)

输入字母“y”，提示

GAMIT dimensions in /libraries/Makefile.config are set to

maxsit = 55

maxepc = 2880

maxatm = 25

maxsat = 32

Are these defaults found in Makefile.config correct?

If NOT edit the Makefile.config now before choosing to contine

Continue ? (y/n)

输入字母“y”，开始安装。安装最后会��示

++++++++++++++++++

GLOBK installed

++++++++++++++++++

Create the gg link in your home directory to the version of

gamit/globk you just installed ? (y/n)

输入字母“y”，回车，显示

Making required ~/gg link to newly installed software

ln -s -f /opt/gamit10.34 ~/gg

Don't forget to set your : path to include /opt/gamit10.34/gamit/bin and /opt/gamit10.34/kf/bin

: HELP_DIR environment variable in you shell profile

(in .cshrc/.tcshrc add: setenv HELP_DIR /opt/gamit10.34/help/)

: INSTITUTE evnironment variable in your shell profile

(in your .cshrc/.tcshrc add: setenv INSTITUTE where_i_work)

where_i_work is a 3 character identifier for your solutions

至此，软件已经安装成功。但要始软件能够正常使用，还要修改“主文件夹”下的“.cshrc”文件.该文件是用户的C SHELL配置文件，默认为隐藏文件。必须将Gamit的安装目录添加在里面，否则将无法在终端使用Gamit命令进行数据解算。

由于ubuntu默认使用bash，所以，用户主目录下并没有csh的配置文件，你需要在自己的主文件夹下建立一个“.cshrc”文件，并输入内容如下

#

# This file is applicable to all C-shell users.

# set prompt

set prompt = "[`echo $cwd`]% "

set history = 50

set gamitpath = /opt/gamit10.34

# (

我的安装路径是

opt/gamit_globk

，所以这里应该是

set gamitpath = /opt/gamit_globk)

set path = (. /bin /sbin /ect /usr/bin /usr/sbin /usr/ucb /usr/bin/X11 /usr/X11R6/bin $path)

set path = (. /usr/local/gmt/bin /usr/local/bin /usr/local/sbin /usr/local/lib /usr/lib $path)

#set path = (. /usr/local/gmt/bin /usr/local/bin /usr/local/lib /usr/ucb/ nfs r0 soft0 0 $path)

set path = (. $gamitpath/gamit/bin $gamitpath/kf/bin $gamitpath/com $path)

setenv HELP_DIR $gamitpath/help/

setenv PATH "/usr/sbin:/sbin:${PATH}"

setenv MANPATH /usr/local/gmt/man:/usr/local/man:/usr/X11R6/man

setenv LIBPATH /usr/local/gmt/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:/usr/i386-glibc21-linux/lib

#set gcclib direction

setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH /usr/local/gcc-3.4.1/lib/

# set alias

alias cd 'cd \!*; set prompt = "[`echo $cwd`]% "'

alias pwd 'echo $cwd'

alias ls 'ls --classify'

alias ll 'ls -l'

alias la 'ls -a'

alias rm 'rm -i'

alias mv 'mv -i'

保存，OK，全部安装完成。在终端输入

doy

返回

DOY: Converts various date formats

DOY: Converts various date formats.

Runstring:

% doy

o

% doy W

o

% doy Y

where jd is Julian date (assumed if only one argument)

year is calender yea

doy is day of year (assumed if two arguments)

month is month

day is day of month.

hr min is hrs and minutes of day (Only if ymd form used).

In the second form (i.e. W appended to the first value),

the entries are assumed to gps week no and the second entry

(optional) is either gps day of week (0-6) or seconds of

gps week.

NOTE: GPS Day of Week runs from 0-6 (Changed May 20, 1997).

In the third form with Y appended, the argument is taken as

deciminal year. (Versions after 2004/12/21 correctly account

for leap years in converting deciminal years back to Julian dates)

The conversions made are based on the number of arguments

passed.

NDOY: Version of doy of year which takes keyboard input in the

forms above. (^D ends program input).

Example: doy 92 200

Date 1992/07/18 0:00 hrs, DOY 200 JD 2448821.5000 MJD 48821.0000

GPS Week 653 Day of week 6, GPS Seconds 518400 Day of Week Sat

Decimal Year 1992.54372

Example: doy 654W 345600

Date 1992/07/23 0:00 hrs, DOY 205 JD 2448826.5000 MJD 48826.0000

GPS Week 654 Day of week 4, GPS Seconds 345600 Day of Week Thu

Decimal Year 1992.55738

***TODAY*** IS:

Date 2008/10/30 15:19 hrs, DOY 304 JD 2454770.1387 MJD 54769.6387

GPS Week 1503 Day of week 4, GPS Seconds 400786 Day of Week Thu

Decimal Year 2008.829614

安装成功！！！！

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makefile

本文系转载，前往查看

如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

makefile

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