learngit
文件夹就是一个工作区:
stage(或者叫index)
的暂存区,还有Git为我们自动创建的第一个分支master
,以及指向master
的一个指针叫HEAD
。
HEAD
的概念我们以后再讲。
git add
把文件添加进去,实际上就是把文件修改添加到暂存区;
git commit
提交更改,实际上就是把暂存区的所有内容提交到当前分支。
master
分支,所以,现在,git commit
就是往master
分支上提交更改。
readme.txt
做个修改,比如加上一行内容:
Git is a distributed version control system.
Git is free software distributed under the GPL.
Git has a mutable index called stage.
LICENSE
文本文件(内容随便写)。
$ git status
On branch master
Changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git restore <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
modified: readme.txt
Untracked files:
(use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
LICENSE
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
readme.txt
被修改了,而LICENSE
还从来没有被添加过,所以它的状态是Untracked
。
git add
,把readme.txt
和LICENSE
都添加后,用git status再查看一下:
$ git add readme.txt LICENSE
$ git status
On branch master
Changes to be committed:
(use "git restore --staged <file>..." to unstage)
new file: LICENSE
modified: readme.txt
git add
命令实际上就是把要提交的所有修改放到暂存区(Stage)
,然后,执行git commit
就可以一次性把暂存区的所有修改提交到分支。$ git commit -m "understand how stage works"
[master b1f1f31] understand how stage works
2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
create mode 100644 LICENSE
$ git status
On branch master
nothing to commit, working tree clean
git add
把文件从工作区>>>>暂存区,git commit
把文件从暂存区>>>>仓库,
git diff
查看工作区和暂存区差异