sharding-jdbc在目前微服务和各种saas软件等数据量日益加大的情况下变得使用的人多了起来。

sharding-jdbc%E8%AF%BB%E5%86%99%E5%88%86%E7%A6%BB%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95

@Data
@Table(name = "city")
@Entity
public class City implements Serializable {
    @Id
    @Column(name = "id")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private  Long id;
    @Column(name = "name")
    private String name;
    @Column(name = "province")
    private String province;
}

public interface CityRepository extends JpaRepository<City,Long> {
}

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class RunBoot {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(RunBoot.class,args);
    }
}

spring.shardingsphere.props.sql.show=true
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.names=master,slave0

spring.shardingsphere.datasource.master.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.master.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.master.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test1
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.master.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.master.password=351848327


spring.shardingsphere.datasource.slave0.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.slave0.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.slave0.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql:/localhost:3306/test2
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.slave0.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.slave0.password=351848327

#master-slave
spring.shardingsphere.masterslave.name=datasource
spring.shardingsphere.masterslave.master-data-source-name=master
spring.shardingsphere.masterslave.slave-data-source-names=slave0
spring.shardingsphere.masterslave.load-balance-algorithm-type=ROUND_ROBIN
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.city.key-generator.column=id
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.city.key-generator.type=SNOWFLAKE

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = RunBoot.class)
public class TestMasterSlave {
    @Resource
    CityRepository cityRepository;
    @Test
    public  void testMasterSlave(){
        City city = new City();
        city.setName("shanghai");
        city.setProvince("shanghai");
        cityRepository.save(city);
    }

    @Test
    public void findAll(){
        List<City> list = cityRepository.findAll();
        list.forEach(c->{
            System.out.println(c.getId()+" "+c.getName()+" "+c.getProvince());
        });
    }
}


分别执行两个方法可以看到日志，实际操作写的时候是在master库，操作读的时候是在slave库

sharding-jdbc%E8%AF%BB%E5%86%99%E5%88%86%E7%A6%BB%E5%BC%BA%E5%88%B6%E6%9F%90%E5%BA%93%E6%89%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C

sharding-jdbc读写分离强制某库执行操作

这种方法主要是针对那些数据量大，数据无法及时同步到从库，可以直接从主库读取 具体配置

spring.shardingsphere.props.sql.show=true
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.names=ds0,ds1

spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test1
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.password=351848327


spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test2
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.password=351848327

spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.city.database-strategy.hint.algorithm-class-name=com.zhao.hint.MyHint

public class MyHint implements HintShardingAlgorithm<Long> {


    @Override
    public Collection<String> doSharding(Collection<String> targetNames, HintShardingValue<Long> hintShardingValue) {
        Collection<String> results = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String each :targetNames){
            for (Long value:hintShardingValue.getValues()){
                    if (each.endsWith(String.valueOf(value%2))){
                        results.add(each);
                    }
            }
        }
        return results;
    }
}

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = RunBoot.class)
public class TestHint {
    @Resource
    CityRepository cityRepository;
    @Test
    public void testHint(){
        HintManager hintManager =HintManager.getInstance();
        hintManager.setDatabaseShardingValue(0L);
        List<City> list = cityRepository.findAll();
        System.out.println("主库表大小"+list.size());
        hintManager.setDatabaseShardingValue(1L);
        List<City> list1 = cityRepository.findAll();
        System.out.println("从库表大小"+list1.size());
    }
}

执行后可以看到两次查询分别从主库和从库中获取了数据

sharding-jdbc%E5%88%86%E5%BA%93%E5%88%86%E8%A1%A8

分库分表中要处理的包括id生成，分表列，广播表,字表跟随父表进行分表等配置 测试试题类

@Data
@Table(name = "position")
@Entity
@ToString
public class Position implements Serializable {
   @Id
   @Column(name = "Id")
   @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
   private Long Id;
   @Column(name = "name")
   private String name;
   @Column(name = "salary")
   private  String salary;
   @Column(name = "city")
   private  String city;
}


@Data
@Table(name = "position_detail")
@Entity
public class PositionDetail implements Serializable {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "id")
    private  Long id;
    @Column(name = "pid")
    private  Long pid;
    @Column(name = "description")
    private  String description;
}

@Data
@Table(name = "b_order")
@Entity
public class Border implements Serializable {
    @Id
    @Column(name = "id")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private long id;
    @Column(name="is_del")
    private Boolean isDel;
    @Column(name = "company_id")
    private Integer companyId;
    @Column(name = "position_id")
    private long positionId;
    @Column(name = "user_id")
    private Integer userId;
    @Column(name = "publish_user_id")
    private Integer publishUserId;
    @Column(name = "resume_type")
    private Integer resumeType;
    @Column(name = "status")
    private String status;
    @Column(name = "create_time")
    private Date createTime;
    @Column(name = "operate_time")
    private Date operateTime;
    @Column(name = "work_year")
    private String workYear;
    @Column(name = "name")
    private  String name;
    @Column(name = "position_name")
    private String positionName;
    @Column(name = "resume_id")
    private Integer resumeId;
}


spring.shardingsphere.datasource.names=ds0,ds1

spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test1
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.password=351848327


spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://rlocalhost:3306/test2
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.password=351848327


#sharding
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.position.database-strategy.inline.sharding-column=id
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.position.database-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=ds$->{id % 2}

spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.position.key-generator.column=id
#spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.position.key-generator.type=SNOWFLAKE

spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.position.key-generator.type=zhao-sharding-key

spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.position_detail.database-strategy.inline.sharding-column=pid
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.position_detail.database-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=ds$->{pid % 2}

spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.position_detail.key-generator.column=id
#spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.position.key-generator.type=SNOWFLAKE

spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.position_detail.key-generator.type=zhao-sharding-key


#broadcast
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.broadcast-tables=city
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.city.key-generator.column=id
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.city.key-generator.type=SNOWFLAKE


#sharding-database-table
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.b_order.database-strategy.inline.sharding-column=company_id
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.b_order.database-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=ds$->{company_id % 2}
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.b_order.table-strategy.inline.sharding-column=id
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.b_order.table-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=b_order$->{id % 2}
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.b_order.actual-data-nodes=ds${0..1}.b_order${0..1}
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.b_order.key-generator.column=id
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.b_order.key-generator.type=SNOWFLAKE

@Slf4j
public class MyShardingId implements ShardingKeyGenerator {
    private SnowflakeShardingKeyGenerator shardingKeyGenerator = new SnowflakeShardingKeyGenerator();
    @Override
    public Comparable<?> generateKey() {
        log.info("执行了自定义的id生成器");

        return shardingKeyGenerator.generateKey();
    }

    @Override
    public String getType() {
        return "zhao-sharding-key";
    }

    @Override
    public Properties getProperties() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void setProperties(Properties properties) {

    }
}

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = RunBoot.class)
public class TestingShardingDatabase {
    @Resource
    PositionRepository positionRepository;
    @Resource
    PositionDetailRepository positionDetailRepository;
    @Resource
    CityRepository cityRepository;
    @Resource
    BorderRepository borderRepository;

    /**
     * 测试是否分库
     */
    @Test
    public void testAdd(){
        for (long i=1;i<=20;i++){
            Position position = new Position();
            //position.setId(i);
            position.setCity("shanghai");
            position.setName("zhao");
            position.setSalary("100.86");
            positionRepository.save(position);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 分库时主表和字表配置的规则一样，所以这里测试的是主表和字表在同库对应
     */
    @Test
    public void testAddDetail(){
        for (long i=1;i<=20;i++){
            Position position = new Position();
            //position.setId(i);
            position.setCity("shanghai");
            position.setName("zhao");
            position.setSalary("100.86");
            positionRepository.save(position);
            PositionDetail detail = new PositionDetail();
            detail.setPid(position.getId());
            detail.setDescription("This is message "+i);
            positionDetailRepository.save(detail);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 测试加载数据分库时走的那个库
     */
    @Test
    public void testLoadData(){
        Object object = positionRepository.findPositionLoadById(607972934107004929L);
        Object[] objects = (Object[]) object;
        System.out.println(objects[0]+" "+objects[1]);
    }

    /**
     * 广播表会写入多个库
     */
    @Test
    public void testBroadCast(){
        City city = new City();
        city.setName("shanghai");
        city.setProvince("shanghai");
        cityRepository.save(city);
    }

    /**
     * 测试分表时如何插入
     */
    @Test
    @Repeat(100)
    public void testShardingBorder(){
        Random random = new Random();
        int companyId = random.nextInt(10);
        Border border = new Border();
        border.setIsDel(false);
        border.setCompanyId(companyId);
        border.setCreateTime(new Date());
        border.setName("zhao");
        border.setWorkYear("2");
        borderRepository.save(border);


    }
}

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.48</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.20</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId>
            <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        
            
            
            
        

        
            
            
        
    </dependencies>

以上就是sharding-jdbc的一些基础使用的介绍。本文github地址https://github.com/zhendiao/deme-code

sharding-jdbc测试

sharding-jdbc测试

sharding-jdbc读写分离测试

sharding-jdbc读写分离强制某库执行操作

sharding-jdbc分库分表

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