Linux-sort排序

sort (选项) (参数)

 -b：忽略每行前面开始出的空格字符;

 -c：检查文件是否已经按照顺序排序;

 -d：排序时，处理英文字母、数字及空格字符外，忽略其他的字符;

 -f：排序时，将小写字母视为大写字母;

 -i：排序时，除了040至176之间的ASCII字符外，忽略其他的字符; 

 -m：将几个排序号的文件进行合并;

 -M：将前面3个字母依照月份的缩写进行排序; 

 -n：依照数值的大小排序; 

 -o<输出文件>：将排序后的结果存入制定的文件;

 -r：以相反的顺序来排序;

 -t<分隔字符>：指定排序时所用的栏位分隔字符;

 +<起始栏位>-<结束栏位>：以指定的栏位来排序，范围由起始栏位到结束栏位的前一栏位。

文件：指定待排序的文件列表。

[root@entle2 ~]# sort --help
Usage: sort [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  or:  sort [OPTION]... --files0-from=F
Write sorted concatenation of all FILE(s) to standard output.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
Ordering options:

  -b, --ignore-leading-blanks  ignore leading blanks
  -d, --dictionary-order      consider only blanks and alphanumeric characters
  -f, --ignore-case           fold lower case to upper case characters
  -g, --general-numeric-sort  compare according to general numerical value
  -i, --ignore-nonprinting    consider only printable characters
  -M, --month-sort            compare (unknown) < `JAN' < ... < `DEC'
  -h, --human-numeric-sort    compare human readable numbers (e.g., 2K 1G)
  -n, --numeric-sort          compare according to string numerical value
  -R, --random-sort           sort by random hash of keys
      --random-source=FILE    get random bytes from FILE
  -r, --reverse               reverse the result of comparisons
      --sort=WORD             sort according to WORD:
                                general-numeric -g, human-numeric -h, month -M,
                                numeric -n, random -R, version -V
  -V, --version-sort          natural sort of (version) numbers within text

Other options:

      --batch-size=NMERGE   merge at most NMERGE inputs at once;
                            for more use temp files
  -c, --check, --check=diagnose-first  check for sorted input; do not sort
  -C, --check=quiet, --check=silent  like -c, but do not report first bad line
      --compress-program=PROG  compress temporaries with PROG;
                              decompress them with PROG -d
      --files0-from=F       read input from the files specified by
                            NUL-terminated names in file F;
                            If F is - then read names from standard input
  -k, --key=POS1[,POS2]     start a key at POS1 (origin 1), end it at POS2
                            (default end of line)
  -m, --merge               merge already sorted files; do not sort
  -o, --output=FILE         write result to FILE instead of standard output
  -s, --stable              stabilize sort by disabling last-resort comparison
  -S, --buffer-size=SIZE    use SIZE for main memory buffer
  -t, --field-separator=SEP  use SEP instead of non-blank to blank transition
  -T, --temporary-directory=DIR  use DIR for temporaries, not $TMPDIR or /tmp;
                              multiple options specify multiple directories
  -u, --unique              with -c, check for strict ordering;
                              without -c, output only the first of an equal run
  -z, --zero-terminated     end lines with 0 byte, not newline
      --help     display this help and exit
      --version  output version information and exit

POS is F[.C][OPTS], where F is the field number and C the character position
in the field; both are origin 1.  If neither -t nor -b is in effect, characters
in a field are counted from the beginning of the preceding whitespace.  OPTS is
one or more single-letter ordering options, which override global ordering
options for that key.  If no key is given, use the entire line as the key.

SIZE may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes:
% 1% of memory, b 1, K 1024 (default), and so on for M, G, T, P, E, Z, Y.

With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

*** WARNING ***
The locale specified by the environment affects sort order.
Set LC_ALL=C to get the traditional sort order that uses
native byte values.

Report sort bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org
GNU coreutils home page: 
General help using GNU software: 
For complete documentation, run: info coreutils 'sort invocation'

[root@entel2 ~]# cat st.txt 
aa:10:1.1 
ccc:30:3.3
ddd:40:4.4 
bbb:20:2.2 
eee:50:5.5 
eee:50:5.5
[root@entel2 ~]# sort st.txt 
aa:10:1.1 
bbb:20:2.2 
ccc:30:3.3
ddd:40:4.4 
eee:50:5.5
eee:50:5.5 

[root@entel2 ~]# cat st.txt 
aa:10:1.1 
ccc:30:3.3
ddd:40:4.4 
bbb:20:2.2 
eee:50:5.5
eee:50:5.5
[root@entel2 ~]# sort -u st.txt 
aa:10:1.1 
bbb:20:2.2 
ccc:30:3.3
ddd:40:4.4 
eee:50:5.5
[root@entel2 ~]# uniq st.txt 
aa:10:1.1 
ccc:30:3.3
ddd:40:4.4 
bbb:20:2.2 

[root@entel2 ~]# cat st1.txt 
AAA:BB:CC
aaa:30:1.6
ccc:50:3.3
ddd:20:4.2
bbb:10:2.5
eee:40:5.4
eee:60:5.1
[root@entel2 ~]# sort -nk 2 -t: st1.txt 
AAA:BB:CC
bbb:10:2.5
ddd:20:4.2
aaa:30:1.6
eee:40:5.4
ccc:50:3.3
eee:60:5.1

[root@entel2 ~]# sort -nrk 3 -t: st1.txt 
eee:40:5.4
eee:60:5.1
ddd:20:4.2
ccc:50:3.3
bbb:10:2.5
aaa:30:1.6
AAA:BB:CC

注意指定-n 和没有-n的区别 ，-n依照数值大小排序
[root@entel2 ~]# sort -rk 3 -t: st1.txt 
AAA:BB:CC
eee:40:5.4
eee:60:5.1
ddd:20:4.2
ccc:50:3.3
bbb:10:2.5
aaa:30:1.6