AFNetworking源码探究（十六） —— 请求序列化之协议方法的实现

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conanma

修改于 2021-09-03 17:59:19

3160

修改于 2021-09-03 17:59:19

文章被收录于专栏：正则正则

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上一篇对请求序列化的类、协议以及架构进行了分析，下一篇将对序列化的流程进行分析。这一篇将对请求序列化流程进行说明并分析这几个类中协议方法的实现。

AFHTTPRequestSerializer

1. GET请求

大家还记得前面几篇讲的GET请求吗？如果忘了的，看下面。

- (NSURLSessionDataTask *)GET:(NSString *)URLString
                   parameters:(id)parameters
                     progress:(void (^)(NSProgress * _Nonnull))downloadProgress
                      success:(void (^)(NSURLSessionDataTask * _Nonnull, id _Nullable))success
                      failure:(void (^)(NSURLSessionDataTask * _Nullable, NSError * _Nonnull))failure
{

    NSURLSessionDataTask *dataTask = [self dataTaskWithHTTPMethod:@"GET"
                                                        URLString:URLString
                                                       parameters:parameters
                                                   uploadProgress:nil
                                                 downloadProgress:downloadProgress
                                                          success:success
                                                          failure:failure];

    [dataTask resume];

    return dataTask;
}

- (NSURLSessionDataTask *)dataTaskWithHTTPMethod:(NSString *)method
                                       URLString:(NSString *)URLString
                                      parameters:(id)parameters
                                  uploadProgress:(nullable void (^)(NSProgress *uploadProgress)) uploadProgress
                                downloadProgress:(nullable void (^)(NSProgress *downloadProgress)) downloadProgress
                                         success:(void (^)(NSURLSessionDataTask *, id))success
                                         failure:(void (^)(NSURLSessionDataTask *, NSError *))failure
{
    NSError *serializationError = nil;
    NSMutableURLRequest *request = [self.requestSerializer requestWithMethod:method URLString:[[NSURL URLWithString:URLString relativeToURL:self.baseURL] absoluteString] parameters:parameters error:&serializationError];
    if (serializationError) {
        if (failure) {
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wgnu"
            dispatch_async(self.completionQueue ?: dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                failure(nil, serializationError);
            });
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
        }

        return nil;
    }

    __block NSURLSessionDataTask *dataTask = nil;
    dataTask = [self dataTaskWithRequest:request
                          uploadProgress:uploadProgress
                        downloadProgress:downloadProgress
                       completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse * __unused response, id responseObject, NSError *error) {
        if (error) {
            if (failure) {
                failure(dataTask, error);
            }
        } else {
            if (success) {
                success(dataTask, responseObject);
            }
        }
    }];

    return dataTask;
}

这里面有一句代码

// 把参数，还有各种东西转化为一个request

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [self.requestSerializer requestWithMethod:method URLString:[[NSURL URLWithString:URLString relativeToURL:self.baseURL] absoluteString] parameters:parameters error:&serializationError];

从这句代码开始就进入类AFHTTPRequestSerializer中，开始进入请求参数的序列化。下面看一下这个方法的实现。

- (NSMutableURLRequest *)requestWithMethod:(NSString *)method
                                 URLString:(NSString *)URLString
                                parameters:(id)parameters
                                     error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error
{
    NSParameterAssert(method);
    NSParameterAssert(URLString);

    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:URLString];

    NSParameterAssert(url);

    NSMutableURLRequest *mutableRequest = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];
    mutableRequest.HTTPMethod = method;

    for (NSString *keyPath in AFHTTPRequestSerializerObservedKeyPaths()) {
        if ([self.mutableObservedChangedKeyPaths containsObject:keyPath]) {
            [mutableRequest setValue:[self valueForKeyPath:keyPath] forKey:keyPath];
        }
    }

    mutableRequest = [[self requestBySerializingRequest:mutableRequest withParameters:parameters error:error] mutableCopy];

    return mutableRequest;
}

先看一下这个方法，主要做了三件事：

设置request的请求类型，GET、POST等。
往request里添加一些参数设置，其中AFHTTPRequestSerializerObservedKeyPaths()是一个c函数，返回一个数组，我们来看看这个函数

static NSArray * AFHTTPRequestSerializerObservedKeyPaths() {
    static NSArray *_AFHTTPRequestSerializerObservedKeyPaths = nil;
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    // 此处需要observer的keypath为allowsCellularAccess、cachePolicy、HTTPShouldHandleCookies
    // HTTPShouldUsePipelining、networkServiceType、timeoutInterval
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
        _AFHTTPRequestSerializerObservedKeyPaths = @[NSStringFromSelector(@selector(allowsCellularAccess)), NSStringFromSelector(@selector(cachePolicy)), NSStringFromSelector(@selector(HTTPShouldHandleCookies)), NSStringFromSelector(@selector(HTTPShouldUsePipelining)), NSStringFromSelector(@selector(networkServiceType)), NSStringFromSelector(@selector(timeoutInterval))];
    });
    //就是一个数组里装了很多方法的名字,
    return _AFHTTPRequestSerializerObservedKeyPaths;
}

这个函数的作用就是封装了一些属性的名字，这些都是NSURLRequest的属性，self.mutableObservedChangedKeyPaths其实就是我们自己设置的request属性值的集合。

把需要传递的参数进行编码，并且设置到request中去，主要就是对应下面的代码。

mutableRequest = [[self requestBySerializingRequest:mutableRequest withParameters:parameters error:error] mutableCopy];

调用了上面的方法其实就是实现的协议AFURLRequestSerialization的方法。

2. 协议方法的实现

下面我们看一下AFHTTPRequestSerializer中协议AFURLRequestSerialization的实现。

- (NSURLRequest *)requestBySerializingRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request
                               withParameters:(id)parameters
                                        error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error
{
    NSParameterAssert(request);

    NSMutableURLRequest *mutableRequest = [request mutableCopy];

    //从自己的head里去遍历，如果有值则设置给request的head
    [self.HTTPRequestHeaders enumerateKeysAndObjectsUsingBlock:^(id field, id value, BOOL * __unused stop) {
        if (![request valueForHTTPHeaderField:field]) {
            [mutableRequest setValue:value forHTTPHeaderField:field];
        }
    }];

    //来把各种类型的参数，array dic set转化成字符串，给request
    NSString *query = nil;
    if (parameters) {
        //自定义的解析方式
        if (self.queryStringSerialization) {
            NSError *serializationError;
            query = self.queryStringSerialization(request, parameters, &serializationError);

            if (serializationError) {
                if (error) {
                    *error = serializationError;
                }

                return nil;
            }
        } else {
            //默认解析方式
            switch (self.queryStringSerializationStyle) {
                case AFHTTPRequestQueryStringDefaultStyle:
                    query = AFQueryStringFromParameters(parameters);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    // 最后判断该request中是否包含了GET、HEAD、DELETE
    //（都包含在HTTPMethodsEncodingParametersInURI）。
    // 因为这几个method的quey是拼接到url后面的。
    // 而POST、PUT是把query拼接到http body中的。
    if ([self.HTTPMethodsEncodingParametersInURI containsObject:[[request HTTPMethod] uppercaseString]]) {
        if (query && query.length > 0) {
            mutableRequest.URL = [NSURL URLWithString:[[mutableRequest.URL absoluteString] stringByAppendingFormat:mutableRequest.URL.query ? @"&%@" : @"?%@", query]];
        }
    } else {
        //post put请求
        
        // #2864: an empty string is a valid x-www-form-urlencoded payload
        if (!query) {
            query = @"";
        }
        if (![mutableRequest valueForHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"]) {
            [mutableRequest setValue:@"application/x-www-form-urlencoded" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
        }
        //设置请求体
        [mutableRequest setHTTPBody:[query dataUsingEncoding:self.stringEncoding]];
    }

    return mutableRequest;
}

下面我们就一起看一下这个方法

从self.HTTPRequestHeaders中拿到设置的参数，赋值要请求的request里去。

- (NSDictionary *)HTTPRequestHeaders {
    return [NSDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary:self.mutableHTTPRequestHeaders];
}
@property (readwrite, nonatomic, strong) NSMutableDictionary *mutableHTTPRequestHeaders;

把请求网络的参数，从array dic set这些容器类型转换为字符串，具体转码方式，我们可以使用自定义的方式，也可以用AF默认的转码方式。自定义的方式没什么好说的，想怎么去解析由你自己来决定。我们可以来看看默认的方式。

NSString * AFQueryStringFromParameters(NSDictionary *parameters) {
    NSMutableArray *mutablePairs = [NSMutableArray array];
    for (AFQueryStringPair *pair in AFQueryStringPairsFromDictionary(parameters)) {
        [mutablePairs addObject:[pair URLEncodedStringValue]];
    }

    return [mutablePairs componentsJoinedByString:@"&"];
}

NSArray * AFQueryStringPairsFromDictionary(NSDictionary *dictionary) {
    return AFQueryStringPairsFromKeyAndValue(nil, dictionary);
}

NSArray * AFQueryStringPairsFromKeyAndValue(NSString *key, id value) {
    NSMutableArray *mutableQueryStringComponents = [NSMutableArray array];

    NSSortDescriptor *sortDescriptor = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"description" ascending:YES selector:@selector(compare:)];

    if ([value isKindOfClass:[NSDictionary class]]) {
        NSDictionary *dictionary = value;
        // Sort dictionary keys to ensure consistent ordering in query string, which is important when deserializing potentially ambiguous sequences, such as an array of dictionaries
        for (id nestedKey in [dictionary.allKeys sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:@[ sortDescriptor ]]) {
            id nestedValue = dictionary[nestedKey];
            if (nestedValue) {
                [mutableQueryStringComponents addObjectsFromArray:AFQueryStringPairsFromKeyAndValue((key ? [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@[%@]", key, nestedKey] : nestedKey), nestedValue)];
            }
        }
    } else if ([value isKindOfClass:[NSArray class]]) {
        NSArray *array = value;
        for (id nestedValue in array) {
            [mutableQueryStringComponents addObjectsFromArray:AFQueryStringPairsFromKeyAndValue([NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@[]", key], nestedValue)];
        }
    } else if ([value isKindOfClass:[NSSet class]]) {
        NSSet *set = value;
        for (id obj in [set sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:@[ sortDescriptor ]]) {
            [mutableQueryStringComponents addObjectsFromArray:AFQueryStringPairsFromKeyAndValue(key, obj)];
        }
    } else {
        [mutableQueryStringComponents addObject:[[AFQueryStringPair alloc] initWithField:key value:value]];
    }

    return mutableQueryStringComponents;
}

其实上面三个方法都是在递归调用AFQueryStringPairsFromKeyAndValue，直到解析的是除了array dic set以外的元素，然后把得到的参数数组返回。

这里有一个类AFQueryStringPair，先看一下API

@interface AFQueryStringPair : NSObject

@property (readwrite, nonatomic, strong) id field;
@property (readwrite, nonatomic, strong) id value;

- (instancetype)initWithField:(id)field value:(id)value;

- (NSString *)URLEncodedStringValue;

@end

@implementation AFQueryStringPair

- (instancetype)initWithField:(id)field value:(id)value {
    self = [super init];
    if (!self) {
        return nil;
    }

    self.field = field;
    self.value = value;

    return self;
}

- (NSString *)URLEncodedStringValue {
    if (!self.value || [self.value isEqual:[NSNull null]]) {
        return AFPercentEscapedStringFromString([self.field description]);
    } else {
        return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@=%@", AFPercentEscapedStringFromString([self.field description]), AFPercentEscapedStringFromString([self.value description])];
    }
}

@end

这里借用一个大神的例子

@{ 
     @"name" : @"bang", 
     @"phone": @{@"mobile": @"xx", @"home": @"xx"}, 
     @"families": @[@"father", @"mother"], 
     @"nums": [NSSet setWithObjects:@"1", @"2", nil] 
} 
-> 
@[ 
     field: @"name", value: @"bang", 
     field: @"phone[mobile]", value: @"xx", 
     field: @"phone[home]", value: @"xx", 
     field: @"families[]", value: @"father", 
     field: @"families[]", value: @"mother", 
     field: @"nums", value: @"1", 
     field: @"nums", value: @"2", 
] 
-> 
name=bang&phone[mobile]=xx&phone[home]=xx&families[]=father&families[]=mother&nums=1&num=2

AFJSONRequestSerializer

下面看一下协议方法在这个类中的实现。

- (NSURLRequest *)requestBySerializingRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request
                               withParameters:(id)parameters
                                        error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error
{
    NSParameterAssert(request);

    if ([self.HTTPMethodsEncodingParametersInURI containsObject:[[request HTTPMethod] uppercaseString]]) {
        return [super requestBySerializingRequest:request withParameters:parameters error:error];
    }

    NSMutableURLRequest *mutableRequest = [request mutableCopy];

    [self.HTTPRequestHeaders enumerateKeysAndObjectsUsingBlock:^(id field, id value, BOOL * __unused stop) {
        if (![request valueForHTTPHeaderField:field]) {
            [mutableRequest setValue:value forHTTPHeaderField:field];
        }
    }];

    if (parameters) {
        if (![mutableRequest valueForHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"]) {
            [mutableRequest setValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
        }

        [mutableRequest setHTTPBody:[NSJSONSerialization dataWithJSONObject:parameters options:self.writingOptions error:error]];
    }

    return mutableRequest;
}

AFPropertyListRequestSerializer

下面看一下协议方法在这个类中的实现。

- (NSURLRequest *)requestBySerializingRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request
                               withParameters:(id)parameters
                                        error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error
{
    NSParameterAssert(request);

    if ([self.HTTPMethodsEncodingParametersInURI containsObject:[[request HTTPMethod] uppercaseString]]) {
        return [super requestBySerializingRequest:request withParameters:parameters error:error];
    }

    NSMutableURLRequest *mutableRequest = [request mutableCopy];

    [self.HTTPRequestHeaders enumerateKeysAndObjectsUsingBlock:^(id field, id value, BOOL * __unused stop) {
        if (![request valueForHTTPHeaderField:field]) {
            [mutableRequest setValue:value forHTTPHeaderField:field];
        }
    }];

    if (parameters) {
        if (![mutableRequest valueForHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"]) {
            [mutableRequest setValue:@"application/x-plist" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
        }

        [mutableRequest setHTTPBody:[NSPropertyListSerialization dataWithPropertyList:parameters format:self.format options:self.writeOptions error:error]];
    }

    return mutableRequest;
}

可见，这两个类中该协议的实现是一样的，有了前面的解析，相信这里已经不难理解了。

后记

本篇主要讲述了AFPropertyListRequestSerializer AFJSONRequestSerializer和 AFHTTPRequestSerializer中请求序列化的协议方法的实现.

原创声明：本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表，未经许可，不得转载。

如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

ios

原创声明：本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表，未经许可，不得转载。

如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

ios

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