系列1 Docker基础命令

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates
sudo apt-key adv \
              --keyserver hkp://ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 \
              --recv-keys 58118E89F3A912897C070ADBF76221572C52609D#append this to /etc/apt/sources.listdeb https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-xenial main
sudo apt-get update
apt-cache policy docker-engine
apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install linux-image-extra-$(uname -r) linux-image-extra-virtual
sudo apt-get install docker-engine

apt-get update
apt-get install docker.io

vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
 "registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}

man docker subcommand
docker help subcommand
docker command --help

# 列出镜像的信息docker images# 自定义表显示镜像的信息docker images --format "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Repository}}\t{{.Tag}}"

# 拉取镜像docker pull busybox# docker ID登录➜  ~ docker login -u bluerdocker   Password: Login Succeeded# 镜像重命名(bluerdocker是我的docker ID)docker tag busybox bluerdocker/busybox:latest# 上传镜像➜  ~ docker push bluerdocker/busyboxThe push refers to a repository [docker.io/bluerdocker/busybox]0271b8eebde3: Mounted from library/busybox latest: digest: sha256:91ef6c1c52b166be02645b8efee30d1ee65362024f7da41c404681561734c465 size: 527# 删除镜像# 删除镜像时,如果存在打标签的镜像,那么只有到最后有一个镜像被删除时,镜像才被删除➜  ~ docker rmi bluerdocker/busyboxUntagged: bluerdocker/busybox:latestUntagged: bluerdocker/busybox@sha256:91ef6c1c52b166be02645b8efee30d1ee65362024f7da41c404681561734c465➜  ~ docker rmi busybox Untagged: busybox:latestUntagged: busybox@sha256:bbc3a03235220b170ba48a157dd097dd1379299370e1ed99ce976df0355d24f0Deleted: sha256:6ad733544a6317992a6fac4eb19fe1df577d4dec7529efec28a5bd0edad0fd30Deleted: sha256:0271b8eebde3fa9a6126b1f2335e170f902731ab4942f9f1914e77016540c7bb# 从已有dockerfile创建镜像(download from docker hub)docker build -t nginx/marion:v1 -m 1024 .➜  dockerfile1 docker imagesREPOSITORY            TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEnginx/marion          v1                  64220f7e39ab        2 minutes ago       108 MB

build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
 history     Show the history of an image
 import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
 inspect     Display detailed information on one or more images
 load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
 ls          List images
 prune       Remove unused images
 pull        Pull an image or a repository from a registry
 push        Push an image or a repository to a registry
 rm          Remove one or more images
 save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
 tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
 
docker image save nginx -o nginx.tar

Commands:
 attach      # 进入一个正在运行的容器,不建议使用
 commit      # 把一个正在运行的容器打包成一个新的镜像
 cp          # 在容器与本地文件系统之间进行文件/文件夹拷贝
 create      # 创建一个新的容器
 diff        # 检查运行的容器与所使用镜像之间的变化
 exec        # 进入正在运行的容器
 export      # 把一个容器的文件系统归档成一个tar包
 inspect     # 显示一个/多个容器的详细信息
 kill        # 杀掉一个/多个正在运行的容器
 logs        # 查看容器中进程的运行日志
 ls          # 列出容器列表
 pause       # 暂停一个/多个容器中的所有进程
 port        # 显示容器与docker host的端口映射
 prune       # 移除所有所有停掉的容器
 rename      # 重命名容器
 restart     # 重启容器
 rm          # 删除一个或多个容器
 run         # 运行一个容器
 start       # 启动一个或多个容器
 stats       # 显示容器资源的使用信息
 stop        # 停止一个或多个容器
 top         # 显示容器中的进程
 unpause     # 恢复暂停的容器
 update      # 更新容器的配置(cpu,mem,重启的策略等)
 wait        # 阻塞运行直到容器停止，然后打印出它的退出代码

docker pull mysql

mkdir -p /mysql/data
chmod -p 777 /mysql/data

docker network create --subnet 10.0.0.0/24 --gateway 10.0.0.1 marion
docker network ls➜  ~ docker network ls | grep marion
6244609a83bb        marion              bridge              local

➜  ~ docker run -v /mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql --name mysqldb --restart=always -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_DATABASE='wordpress' -e MYSQL_USER='marion' -e MYSQL_PASSWORD='marion' -e MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD='yes' -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD='marion' --network=marion --ip=10.0.0.2 -d mysql➜  ~ docker ps -a➜  marion docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
3013c407c74b        mysql               "docker-entrypoint..."   4 minutes ago       Up 4 minutes        0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mysqldb➜  marion docker exec -it 3013c407c74b /bin/bash
root@3013c407c74b:/# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
   link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
   inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
      valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
   inet6 ::1/128 scope host
      valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
9: eth0@if10: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default
   link/ether 02:42:0a:00:00:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
   inet 10.0.0.2/24 scope global eth0
      valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
   inet6 fe80::42:aff:fe00:2/64 scope link
      valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
root@3013c407c74b:/# apt-get install net-tools -y
root@3013c407c74b:/# netstat -tunlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.11:45485        0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -              
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      -              
udp        0      0 127.0.0.11:48475        0.0.0.0:*                           -              
root@3013c407c74b:/# mysql -u marion -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.20 MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> show databases;+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| wordpress          |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)mysql> 

mkdir -p /var/www/htmldocker run --name php7 -p 9000:9000 -p 80:80 -v /var/www/html:/usr/local/nginx/html --restart=always --network=marion --ip=10.0.0.3 -d skiychan/nginx-php7
docker ps
docker exec -it cfb9556b71b3 /bin/bash
cd /usr/local/php/etc
vim php.inidate.timezone =Asia/Shanghai

user www www;  #modify
worker_processes auto;  #modify#error_log  logs/error.log;#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;#error_log  logs/error.log  info;error_log /var/log/nginx_error.log crit;  #add#pid        logs/nginx.pid;pid /var/run/nginx.pid;  #modify
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;events {
   use epoll;
   worker_connections 51200;
   multi_accept on;
}http {
   include       mime.types;
   default_type  application/octet-stream;   #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
   #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
   #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';   #access_log  logs/access.log  main;   client_max_body_size 100m;  #add
   sendfile        on;
   #tcp_nopush     on;   #keepalive_timeout  0;
   keepalive_timeout  120; #65;   #gzip  on;   server {
       listen       80;
       server_name  localhost;       #charset koi8-r;       #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;       root   /usr/local/nginx/html;
       index  index.php index.html index.htm;       location / {
           try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
       }       #error_page  404              /404.html;       # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
       #
       error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
       location = /50x.html {
           root   html;
       }       location ~ \.php$ {
           root           /usr/local/nginx/html;
           fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
           fastcgi_index  index.php;
           fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
           include        fastcgi_params;
       }
   }   #add
   ##########################vhost#####################################
   include vhost/*.conf;}daemon off;

[root@cfb9556b71b3 sbin]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@cfb9556b71b3 sbin]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@cfb9556b71b3 sbin]#

FROM:指定镜像MAINTAINER:维护者信息COPY:从build context复制到镜像copy src destcopy [“src”,”dest”]src只能是build context中的文件ADD：与copy类似，如果是归档以及压缩的文件，会被自动的解压ENV:设置环境变量，环境变量可被后面的指令使用EXPOSE:指定容器中的进程监听某个端口，VOLUME:将文件或者目录声明为卷WORKDIR:为RUN，CMD,ENTERPOINT,ADD或COPY指令设置镜像中的当前工作目录RUN:在容器内运行指定的命令ENTERPOINT:设置容器启动时运行的命令