KVM基础1

franket

发布于 2021-12-03 20:39:41

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发布于 2021-12-03 20:39:41

文章被收录于专栏：技术杂记

前言

KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) 是基于 虚拟化扩展指令集 (Intel VT or AMD-V) 在 linux x86 平台上的 完全虚拟化 解决方案

KVM是完全虚拟化(需要硬件支持，CPU，BIOS)
KVM是开源的
KVM的核心是一个内核模块，用户空间组件由QEMU来提供

KVM (for Kernel-based Virtual Machine) is a full virtualization solution for Linux on x86 hardware containing virtualization extensions (Intel VT or AMD-V). It consists of a loadable kernel module, kvm.ko, that provides the core virtualization infrastructure and a processor specific module, kvm-intel.ko or kvm-amd.ko. Using KVM, one can run multiple virtual machines running unmodified Linux or Windows images. Each virtual machine has private virtualized hardware: a network card, disk, graphics adapter, etc. KVM is open source software. The kernel component of KVM is included in mainline Linux, as of 2.6.20. The userspace component of KVM is included in mainline QEMU, as of 1.3.

这里简单分享一下 KVM 的相关基础，详细内容可以参考 官方文档

概要

环境

[root@kvm-demo data]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS release 6.7 (Final)
[root@kvm-demo data]# uname -a 
Linux kvm-demo 2.6.32-573.8.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Nov 10 18:01:38 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@kvm-demo data]# egrep --color '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo 
flags		: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx lahf_lm ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid
flags		: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx lahf_lm ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid
flags		: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx lahf_lm ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid
flags		: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx lahf_lm ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid
[root@kvm-demo data]#

Note: 要确保有虚拟指令集 Intel VT or AMD-V ，否则无法正常运行，另外一个就是主板的BIOS里也要确保虚拟化是打开的

安装

使用 yum groupinstall 'Virtualization xxx'

确保以下软件组被正确安装

Virtualization
Virtualization Client
Virtualization Tools

[root@kvm-demo ~]# yum grouplist 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Group Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.163.com
 * epel: mirrors.yun-idc.com
 * extras: mirrors.skyshe.cn
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
Installed Groups:
   Additional Development
   Base
   CIFS file server
   ...
   ...
   Virtualization
   Virtualization Client
   Virtualization Tools
   Web Server
   X Window System
   iSCSI Storage Client
Installed Language Groups:
   Arabic Support [ar]
   Armenian Support [hy]
   ...
   ...
   Venda Support [ve]
Available Groups:
   Backup Client
   Backup Server
   ...
   ...
   Xfce
Available Language Groups:
   Afrikaans Support [af]
   ...
   ...
   Zulu Support [zu]
Done
[root@kvm-demo ~]#

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