C#实例练习5：类的设计和实现
实验1：创建类MyMath，计算圆的周长、面积和球的体积
创建类MyMath，包含常量PI，静态方法Perimeter（周长）、Area（面积）、Volume（体积）。
using System;
namespace ConsoleApp5
{
class MyMath
{
public const double PI = 3.1415926;
public static double Perimeter (double r)
{
double p = 2 * PI * r;
return p;
}
public static double Area (double r)
{
double a = PI * r * r;
return a;
}
public static double Volume (double r)
{
double v = (4 * PI * r * r * r) / 3;
return v;
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.Write("请输入半径：");
double r = double.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
Console.WriteLine("圆的周长为：{0}",MyMath.Perimeter(r));
Console.WriteLine("圆的面积为：{0}",MyMath.Area(r));
Console.WriteLine("对应球的体积为：{0}",MyMath.Volume(r));
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}请输入半径：5
圆的周长为：31.415926
圆的面积为：78.539815
对应球的体积为：523.5987666666666实验2：创建表示摄氏温度的类TemperatureCelsius
创建类TemperatureCelsius，包含实力字段degree（表示摄氏温度）和实例方法ToFahrenheit（将摄氏温度转换成华氏温度）。
using System;
namespace ConsoleApp5
{
public class TemperatrueCelsius
{
protected double degree;
public TemperatrueCelsius(double d)
{
this.degree = d;
}
public double ToFahrenheit()
{
return (degree * 9 / 5) + 32;
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.Write("请输入摄氏温度：");
double d = Double.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
TemperatrueCelsius celsius = new TemperatrueCelsius(d);
Console.WriteLine("摄氏温度={0},华氏温度={1}", d, celsius.ToFahrenheit());
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
请输入摄氏温度：15
摄氏温度=15,华氏温度=59实验3：类的继承的实现
创建积累Person和派生类Teacher。基类Person包含实例字段name和age；虚函数GetInfo（）显示个人信息。派生类Teacher除了包含基类的name和age字段外，还包含自己的TeacherID字段，并使用关键字override来重写方法GetInfo（）
using System;
namespace ConsoleApp5
{
public class Person//基类 等同于public class Person:Object
{
public string name;
public uint age;
public Person(String name,uint age)
{
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public virtual void GetInfo()
{
Console.WriteLine("Name:{0}", name);
Console.WriteLine("Age:{0}",age);
}
}
public class Teacher:Person
{
public string teacherID;
public Teacher(String name,uint age,string id)
:base(name,age)
{
this.teacherID = id;
}
public override void GetInfo()
{
base.GetInfo();
Console.WriteLine("teacherID:{0}", teacherID);
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Teacher objteacher = new Teacher("Mr.Yu", 40, "1990108001");
objteacher.GetInfo();
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}Name:Mr.Yu
Age:40
teacherID:1990108001实验4：抽象类、抽象方法、多态性的实现
创建抽象基类Shape和派生类Rectangle、circle。利用多态性实现Area（计算面积）和Show（显示图形名称和面积）抽象方法。
using System;
namespace ConsoleApp5
{
public abstract class Shape
{
protected string name;
public Shape(string name)
{
this.name = name;
}
public abstract void Show();
public abstract double Area();
}
public class Rectangle:Shape
{
protected double weight;
protected double height;
public Rectangle (string name,double w,double h)
:base(name)
{
this.weight = w;
this.height = h;
}
public override void Show()
{
Console.WriteLine("Rectangle:{0}\nArea:{1}",name,weight*height);
}
public override double Area()
{
return weight * height;
}
}
public class Circle:Shape
{
protected double radius;
public Circle (String name,double r)
:base(name)
{
this.radius = r;
}
public override void Show()
{
Console.WriteLine("Circle:{0}\nArea:{1}", name,Math.PI* radius* radius);
}
public override double Area()
{
return Math.PI * radius * radius;
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Shape[] s = { new Rectangle("矩形", 1.0, 2.0), new Circle("圆", 3.5) };
foreach(Shape e in s)
{
e.Show();
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}Rectangle:矩形
Area:2
Circle:圆
Area:38.48451000647496实验5：运算符重载
使用运算符重载，创建定义复数相加、相减和相乘的复数类Complex。
using System;
namespace ConsoleApp5
{
public struct Complex
{
public int real;
public int imaginary;
public Complex(int real,int imaginary)
{
this.real = real;
this.imaginary = imaginary;
}
//重载运算符（+）
public static Complex operator +(Complex c1,Complex c2)
{
return new Complex(c1.real + c2.real, c1.imaginary+c2.imaginary);
}
//重载运算符（-）
public static Complex operator -(Complex c1, Complex c2)
{
return new Complex(c1.real - c2.real, c1.imaginary - c2.imaginary);
}
//重载运算符（*）
public static Complex operator *(Complex c1, Complex c2)
{
return new Complex(c1.real * c2.real-c1.imaginary * c2.imaginary, c1.real * c2.imaginary + c1.imaginary * c2.real);
}
public override string ToString()
{
return (String.Format("{0}+{1}i", real, imaginary));
}
}
class TestComplex
{
static void Main()
{
Complex num1 = new Complex(4, 5);
Complex num2 = new Complex(3, 2);
Complex sum = num1 + num2;
Complex sub = num1 - num2;
Complex mul = num1 * num2;
Console.WriteLine("第一个复数：{0}", num1);
Console.WriteLine("第二个复数：{0}", num2);
Console.WriteLine("两个复数之和：{0}", sum);
Console.WriteLine("两个复数之差：{0}", sub);
Console.WriteLine("两个复数之积：{0}", mul);
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}第一个复数：4+5i
第二个复数：3+2i
两个复数之和：7+7i
两个复数之差：1+3i
两个复数之积：2+23i实验6：接口的实现
声明一个接口ICDPlayer，包含4个借口方法：Play()、Stop()、NextTrack()和PreviousTrack()，以及一个只读属性CurrentTrack，创建类CDPlayer实现该接口，模拟CD的播放，停止、下一个音轨、上一音轨的操作
using System;
namespace ConsoleApp5
{
public interface ICDPlayer
{
void Play();
void Stop();
void PreviousTrack();
void NextTrack();
int CurrentTrack
{
get;
}
}
public class CDPlayer: ICDPlayer
{
private int currentTrack = 0;
public void Play()
{
Console.WriteLine("启动CD...");
}
public void Stop()
{
Console.WriteLine("停止CD...");
}
public void PreviousTrack()
{
Console.WriteLine("前一个音轨...");
if(currentTrack>=1)
{
currentTrack--;
}
}
public void NextTrack()
{
Console.WriteLine("后一个音轨...");
currentTrack++;
}
public int CurrentTrack
{
get
{
return currentTrack;
}
}
}
class TestCDPlayer
{
static void Main()
{
CDPlayer myCD = new CDPlayer();
myCD.Play();
Console.WriteLine("myCD.CurrentTrack={0}", myCD.CurrentTrack);
myCD.NextTrack();
myCD.NextTrack();
Console.WriteLine("myCD.CurrentTrack={0}", myCD.CurrentTrack);
ICDPlayer myICD = (ICDPlayer)myCD;
myICD.PreviousTrack();
Console.WriteLine("myICD.CurrentTrack={0}", myCD.CurrentTrack);
myICD.Stop();
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}启动CD...
myCD.CurrentTrack=0
后一个音轨...
后一个音轨...
myCD.CurrentTrack=2
前一个音轨...
myICD.CurrentTrack=1
停止CD...实验7：事件的实现
using System;
using System.Collections;
namespace ConsoleApp5
{
//步骤1：声明提供事件数据的类
public class NameListEventArgs:EventArgs
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Count { get; set; }
public NameListEventArgs(string name ,int count)
{
Name = name;
Count = count;
}
}
//步骤2：声明事件处理委托
public delegate void NameListEventHandler(object source, NameListEventArgs args);
//步骤3：声明引发事件的类（事件生产类）
public class NameList
{
ArrayList list;
//步骤4：在实践生产类中，声明事件
public event NameListEventHandler nameListEvent;
public NameList()
{
list = new ArrayList();
}
public void Add(string Name)
{
list.Add(Name);
//步骤5：在事件生产类中，实现产生事件的代码
if(nameListEvent != null)
{
nameListEvent(this, new NameListEventArgs(Name, list.Count));
}
}
}
//步骤6：声明处理时间的类（时间消费类）
public class EventDemo
{
//步骤7：在事件消费类中，声明事件处理方法
public static void Method1(object source,NameListEventArgs args)
{
Console.WriteLine("列表中增加了项目：{0}", args.Name);
}
//步骤7：在事件消费类中，声明事件处理方法
public static void Method2(object source, NameListEventArgs args)
{
Console.WriteLine("列表中的项目数：{0}", args.Count);
}
public static void Main()
{
NameList n1 = new NameList();
//步骤8：在事件的消费类中，订阅或取消时间
n1.nameListEvent += new NameListEventHandler(EventDemo.Method1);
n1.nameListEvent += new NameListEventHandler(EventDemo.Method2);
n1.Add("张三");
n1.Add("李四");
n1.Add("王五");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}列表中增加了项目：张三
列表中的项目数：1
列表中增加了项目：李四
列表中的项目数：2
列表中增加了项目：王五
列表中的项目数：3本文参与 腾讯云自媒体同步曝光计划，分享自作者个人站点/博客。
原始发表：2021-03-17，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除
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