社区首页 >专栏 >Docker Ubuntu系统安装

Docker Ubuntu系统安装

黑洞代码

发布于 2022-01-24 06:42:30

70700

代码可运行

文章被收录于专栏：落叶飞翔的蜗牛落叶飞翔的蜗牛

运行总次数：0

代码可运行

Docker还允许我们在隔离的容器中安装任何操作系统。在下面的例子中，将演示如何在Docker中安装Ubuntu系统。

1.创建一个目录用来组织安装的操作系统文件。

mkdir -p ~/Downloads/code/docker/ubuntu-in-docker

1.进入工作目录。

cd ~/Downloads/code/docker/ubuntu-in-docker

1.创建一个 Dockerfile 文件。

FROM ubuntu

1.创建Docker映像

sudo docker build -t ubuntu-in-docker .
[+] Building 29.9s (5/5) FINISHED                                                                                                        
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                                                0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 55B                                                                                                 0.0s
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                                   0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                                                                     0.0s
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/ubuntu:latest                                                                   16.1s
 => [1/1] FROM docker.io/library/ubuntu@sha256:626ffe58f6e7566e00254b638eb7e0f3b11d4da9675088f4781a50ae288f3322                    13.7s
 => => resolve docker.io/library/ubuntu@sha256:626ffe58f6e7566e00254b638eb7e0f3b11d4da9675088f4781a50ae288f3322                     0.0s
 => => sha256:ba6acccedd2923aee4c2acc6a23780b14ed4b8a5fa4e14e252a23b846df9b6c1 1.46kB / 1.46kB                                      0.0s
 => => sha256:7b1a6ab2e44dbac178598dabe7cff59bd67233dba0b27e4fbd1f9d4b3c877a54 28.57MB / 28.57MB                                   12.0s
 => => sha256:626ffe58f6e7566e00254b638eb7e0f3b11d4da9675088f4781a50ae288f3322 1.42kB / 1.42kB                                      0.0s
 => => sha256:7cc0576c7c0ec2384de5cbf245f41567e922aab1b075f3e8ad565f508032df17 529B / 529B                                          0.0s
 => => extracting sha256:7b1a6ab2e44dbac178598dabe7cff59bd67233dba0b27e4fbd1f9d4b3c877a54                                           1.5s
 => exporting to image                                                                                                              0.0s
 => => exporting layers                                                                                                             0.0s
 => => writing image sha256:657922eb2d64b0a34fe7339f8b48afb9f2f44635d7d6eaa92af69591d29b3330                                        0.0s
 => => naming to docker.io/library/ubuntu-in-docker

1.运行Docker映像

现在，创建这个Ubuntu系统的Docker映像，以下命令用于创建Docker映像。

sudo docker run -td ubuntu-in-docker
e4da12002e66485319e0d1541b821979be9e4b7fd61e97a6fdcc657f40089e46

1.查看当前运行的 Docker映像

sudo docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                       PORTS                                                                             NAMES
e4da12002e66   ubuntu-in-docker      "bash"                   35 seconds ago   Up 34 seconds                                                                                                  admiring_ishizaka
d2e51129a2ea   python-app            "python /Users/micha…"   2 days ago       Exited (0) 2 days ago                                                                                          pensive_tereshkova
a791526f3ed6   logstash:7.6.2        "/usr/local/bin/dock…"   12 months ago    Created                      5044/tcp, 0.0.0.0:4560-4563->4560-4563/tcp, 9600/tcp                              logstash
cc8c6fa62339   elasticsearch:7.6.2   "/usr/local/bin/dock…"   12 months ago    Exited (255) 11 months ago   0.0.0.0:9200->9200/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9300->9300/tcp                                    elasticsearch
398815981b4b   rabbitmq:3.7.15       "docker-entrypoint.s…"   12 months ago    Exited (255) 11 months ago   4369/tcp, 0.0.0.0:5672->5672/tcp, 5671/tcp, 25672/tcp, 0.0.0.0:15672->15672/tcp   rabbitmq
49cac9c723c4   nginx:1.10            "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   12 months ago    Exited (1) 12 months ago                                                                                       nginx
4a0f335e94d8   redis:5               "docker-entrypoint.s…"   12 months ago    Exited (0) 12 months ago                                                                                       redis
908bcd97c28e   mysql:5.7             "docker-entrypoint.s…"   12 months ago    Exited (0) 11 months ago

1.进入Docker容器

可以进入运行容器，并可以检查容器内的文件和应用程序。

sudo docker exec -it e4da12002e66 bash
root@e4da12002e66:/#

1.执行Ubuntu命令

apt-get update
Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease [102 kB]
Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe Sources [39.4 kB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease [247 kB]
Get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 Packages [355 kB]
Get:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted amd64 Packages [12.8 kB]
Get:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe amd64 Packages [170 kB]
Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease [102 kB]
0% [7 InRelease 55.6 kB/102 kB 54%] [6 Packages 129 kB/170 kB 76%]
....