Http post 发送 multipart/form-data 格式数据

Http post 发送 multipart/form-data 格式数据-Java 实现

package awesome.data.structure.http;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.io.*;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.URL;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

/**

* http 工具类

*

* @author: Andy

* @time: 2019/7/9 17:09

* @since

*/

public class HttpUtils {

private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpUtils.class);

/**

* multipart/form-data 格式发送数据时各个部分分隔符的前缀,必须为 --

*/

private static final String BOUNDARY_PREFIX = "--";

/**

* 回车换行,用于一行的结尾

*/

private static final String LINE_END = "\r\n";

/**

* post 请求：以表单方式提交数据

* <p>

* 由于 multipart/form-data 不是 http 标准内容，而是属于扩展类型，

* 因此需要自己构造数据结构，具体如下：

* <p>

* 1、首先，设置 Content-Type

* <p>

* Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=${bound}

* <p>

* 其中${bound} 是一个占位符，代表我们规定的分割符，可以自己任意规定，

* 但为了避免和正常文本重复了，尽量要使用复杂一点的内容

* <p>

* 2、设置主体内容

* <p>

* --${bound}

* Content-Disposition: form-data; name="userName"

* <p>

* Andy

* --${bound}

* Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="测试.excel"

* Content-Type: application/octet-stream

* <p>

* 文件内容

* --${bound}--

* <p>

* 其中${bound}是之前头信息中的分隔符，如果头信息中规定是123，那这里也要是123；

* 可以很容易看到，这个请求提是多个相同部分组成的：

* 每一部分都是以--加分隔符开始的，然后是该部分内容的描述信息，然后一个回车换行，然后是描述信息的具体内容；

* 如果传送的内容是一个文件的话，那么还会包含文件名信息以及文件内容类型。

* 上面第二部分是一个文件体的结构，最后以--分隔符--结尾，表示请求体结束

*

* @param urlStr 请求的url

* @param filePathMap key 参数名，value 文件的路径

* @param keyValues 普通参数的键值对

* @param headers

* @return

* @throws IOException

*/

public static HttpResponse postFormData(String urlStr, Map<String, String> filePathMap, Map<String, Object> keyValues, Map<String, Object> headers) throws IOException {

HttpResponse response;

HttpURLConnection conn = getHttpURLConnection(urlStr, headers);

//分隔符，可以任意设置，这里设置为 MyBoundary+ 时间戳（尽量复杂点，避免和正文重复）

String boundary = "MyBoundary" + System.currentTimeMillis();

//设置 Content-Type 为 multipart/form-data; boundary=${boundary}

conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary);

//发送参数数据

try (DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream())) {

//发送普通参数

if (keyValues != null && !keyValues.isEmpty()) {

for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : keyValues.entrySet()) {

writeSimpleFormField(boundary, out, entry);

}

}

//发送文件类型参数

if (filePathMap != null && !filePathMap.isEmpty()) {

for (Map.Entry<String, String> filePath : filePathMap.entrySet()) {

writeFile(filePath.getKey(), filePath.getValue(), boundary, out);

}

}

//写结尾的分隔符--${boundary}--,然后回车换行

String endStr = BOUNDARY_PREFIX + boundary + BOUNDARY_PREFIX + LINE_END;

out.write(endStr.getBytes());

} catch (Exception e) {

LOGGER.error("HttpUtils.postFormData 请求异常！", e);

response = new HttpResponse(500, e.getMessage());

return response;

}

return getHttpResponse(conn);

}

/**

* 获得连接对象

*

* @param urlSt

* @param headers

* @return

* @throws IOException

*/

private static HttpURLConnection getHttpURLConnection(String urlStr, Map<String, Object> headers) throws IOException {

URL url = new URL(urlStr);

HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

//设置超时时间

conn.setConnectTimeout(50000);

conn.setReadTimeout(50000);

//允许输入流

conn.setDoInput(true);

//允许输出流

conn.setDoOutput(true);

//不允许使用缓存

conn.setUseCaches(false);

//请求方式

conn.setRequestMethod("POST");

//设置编码 utf-8

conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");

//设置为长连接

conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "keep-alive");

//设置其他自定义 headers

if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {

for (Map.Entry<String, Object> header : headers.entrySet()) {

conn.setRequestProperty(header.getKey(), header.getValue().toString());

}

}

return conn;

}

private static HttpResponse getHttpResponse(HttpURLConnection conn) {

HttpResponse response;

try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()))) {

int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();

StringBuilder responseContent = new StringBuilder();

String line;

while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {

responseContent.append(line);

}

response = new HttpResponse(responseCode, responseContent.toString());

} catch (Exception e) {

LOGGER.error("获取 HTTP 响应异常！", e);

response = new HttpResponse(500, e.getMessage());

}

return response;

}

/**

* 写文件类型的表单参数

*

* @param paramName 参数名

* @param filePath 文件路径

* @param boundary 分隔符

* @param out

* @throws IOException

*/

private static void writeFile(String paramName, String filePath, String boundary,

DataOutputStream out) {

try (BufferedReader fileReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(filePath)))) {

/**

* 写分隔符--${boundary}，并回车换行

*/

String boundaryStr = BOUNDARY_PREFIX + boundary + LINE_END;

out.write(boundaryStr.getBytes());

/**

* 写描述信息(文件名设置为上传文件的文件名)：

* 写 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="参数名"; filename="文件名"，并回车换行

* 写 Content-Type: application/octet-stream，并两个回车换行

*/

String fileName = new File(filePath).getName();

String contentDispositionStr = String.format("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"%s\"; filename=\"%s\"", paramName, fileName) + LINE_END;

out.write(contentDispositionStr.getBytes());

String contentType = "Content-Type: application/octet-stream" + LINE_END + LINE_END;

out.write(contentType.getBytes());

String line;

while ((line = fileReader.readLine()) != null) {

out.write(line.getBytes());

}

//回车换行

out.write(LINE_END.getBytes());

} catch (Exception e) {

LOGGER.error("写文件类型的表单参数异常", e);

}

}

/**

* 写普通的表单参数

*

* @param boundary 分隔符

* @param out

* @param entry 参数的键值对

* @throws IOException

*/

private static void writeSimpleFormField(String boundary, DataOutputStream out, Map.Entry<String, Object> entry) throws IOException {

//写分隔符--${boundary}，并回车换行

String boundaryStr = BOUNDARY_PREFIX + boundary + LINE_END;

out.write(boundaryStr.getBytes());

//写描述信息：Content-Disposition: form-data; name="参数名"，并两个回车换行

String contentDispositionStr = String.format("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"%s\"", entry.getKey()) + LINE_END + LINE_END;

out.write(contentDispositionStr.getBytes());

//写具体内容：参数值，并回车换行

String valueStr = entry.getValue().toString() + LINE_END;

out.write(valueStr.getBytes());

}

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

//请求 url

String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/settlement/createTaskSettlement";

// keyValues 保存普通参数

Map<String, Object> keyValues = new HashMap<>();

String taskDescription = "众包测试";

String taskExpiredTime = "2019-09-12";

String taskRequirement = "1";

String taskTitle = "测试测试啊";

keyValues.put("task_description", taskDescription);

keyValues.put("task_expired_time", taskExpiredTime);

keyValues.put("task_requirement", taskRequirement);

keyValues.put("task_title", taskTitle);

// filePathMap 保存文件类型的参数名和文件路径

Map<String, String> filePathMap = new HashMap<>();

String paramName = "file";

String filePath = "C:\\Users\\magos\\Downloads\\Andy测试模板001.xlsx";

filePathMap.put(paramName, filePath);

//headers

Map<String, Object> headers = new HashMap<>();

//COOKIE: Name=Value;Name2=Value2

headers.put("COOKIE", "token=OUFFNzQ0OUU5RDc1ODM0Q0M3QUM5NzdENThEN0Q1NkVEMjhGNzJGNEVGRTNCN0JEODM5NzAyNkI0OEE0MDcxNUZCMjdGNUMxMzdGRUE4MTcwRjVDNkJBRTE2ODgzQURDRjNCQjdBMTdCODc0MzA4QzFFRjlBQkM1MTA0N0MzMUU=");

HttpResponse response = postFormData(url, filePathMap, keyValues, headers);

System.out.println(response);

}

/**

* 发送文本内容

*

* @param urlSt

* @param filePath

* @return

* @throws IOException

*/

public static HttpResponse postText(String urlStr, String filePath) throws IOException {

HttpResponse response;

URL url = new URL(urlStr);

HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

conn.setRequestMethod("POST");

conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/plain");

conn.setDoOutput(true);

conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);

conn.setReadTimeout(5000);

try (BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream()));

BufferedReader fileReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(filePath)))) {

String line;

while ((line = fileReader.readLine()) != null) {

writer.write(line);

}

} catch (Exception e) {

LOGGER.error("HttpUtils.postText 请求异常！", e);

response = new HttpResponse(500, e.getMessage());

return response;

}

return getHttpResponse(conn);

}

}

package awesome.data.structure.http;

/**

* @author: Andy

* @time: 2019/7/10 14:41

* @since

*/

public class HttpResponse {

private int code;

private String content;

public HttpResponse(int status, String content) {

this.code = status;

this.content = content;

}

public int getCode() {

return code;

}

public void setCode(int code) {

this.code = code;

}

public String getContent() {

return content;

}

public void setContent(String content) {

this.content = content;

}

public String toString(){

return new StringBuilder("[ code = ").append(code)

.append(" , content = ").append(content).append(" ]").toString();

}

}

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版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「Andy_Li_」的原创文章，遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/liqing0013/article/details/95514125