php之composer.json文件解读

 {
     "name": "laravel/laravel",   //name表示包的名称，由作者名、项目名组成，
     //用'/'分割(可以包含任何字符，包括空格，不区分大小写)
     "description": "The Laravel Framework.",    //描述（description是必要属性）
     "keywords": ["framework", "laravel"],   //用于搜索与筛选的与包相关的关键字keywords是非必须属性
     "license": "MIT",    //表示包的许可证，可以是字符串也可以是字符串数组，license是非必须属性
     "type": "project",    
     //包的类型，默认为库library，composer原生支持4中类型：“library”将文件复制到vendor目录。
     //“project”当前包是一个项目，"metapackage" 和 "composer-plugin"
     "require": {//表示必须安装的依赖包列表，这些包必须满足条件，否则不会安装。require是非必须属性
         "php": ">=7.0.0",
         "fideloper/proxy": "~3.3",
         "intervention/image": "^2.4",
         "laravel/framework": "5.5.*",
         "laravel/tinker": "~1.0"
     },
     "require-dev": {      //表示开发或运行测试时的依赖包列表。require-Dev是非必须属性。
         "filp/whoops": "~2.0",
         "fzaninotto/faker": "~1.4",
         "mockery/mockery": "~1.0",
         "phpunit/phpunit": "~6.0",
         "symfony/thanks": "^1.0"
     },
     "autoload": {        //PHP自动加载的映射，支持psr-4和psr-0自动加载，class映射和files引用。
         "classmap": [
             "database/seeds",
             "database/factories"
         ],
         "psr-4": {
             "App\\": "app/"
         }
     },
     "autoload-dev": {
         "psr-4": {
             "Tests\\": "tests/"
         }
     },
     "extra": {       //表示scripts使用的任意扩展数据
         "laravel": {
             "dont-discover": [
             ]
         }
     },
     "scripts": {     //表示composer允许在安装过程的各个部分执行脚本。
         "post-root-package-install": [
             "@php -r \"file_exists('.env') || copy('.env.example', '.env');\""
         ],
         "post-create-project-cmd": [
             "@php artisan key:generate"
         ],
         "post-autoload-dump": [
             "Illuminate\\Foundation\\ComposerScripts::postAutoloadDump",
             "@php artisan package:discover"
         ]
     },
     "config": {
         "preferred-install": "dist",
         "sort-packages": true,
         "optimize-autoloader": true
     }
 }

 yii

 {
     "name": "yiisoft/yii2-app-basic",
     "description": "Yii 2 Basic Project Template",
     "keywords": ["yii2", "framework", "basic", "project template"],
     "homepage": "http://www.yiiframework.com/",
     "type": "project",
     "license": "BSD-3-Clause",
     "support": {
         "issues": "https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2/issues?state=open",
         "forum": "http://www.yiiframework.com/forum/",
         "wiki": "http://www.yiiframework.com/wiki/",
         "irc": "irc://irc.freenode.net/yii",
         "source": "https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2"
     },
     "minimum-stability": "stable",
     "require": {
         "php": ">=5.4.0",
         "yiisoft/yii2": "~2.0.14",
         "yiisoft/yii2-bootstrap": "~2.0.0",
         "yiisoft/yii2-swiftmailer": "~2.0.0 || ~2.1.0"
     },
     "require-dev": {
         "yiisoft/yii2-debug": "~2.1.0",
         "yiisoft/yii2-gii": "~2.1.0",
         "yiisoft/yii2-faker": "~2.0.0",
 
         "codeception/base": "~2.3.0",
         "codeception/verify": "~0.4.0",
         "codeception/specify": "~0.4.6",
         "symfony/browser-kit": ">=2.7 <=4.2.4"
     },
     "config": {
         "process-timeout": 1800,
         "fxp-asset": {
             "enabled": false
         }
     },
     "scripts": {
         "post-install-cmd": [
             "yii\\composer\\Installer::postInstall"
         ],
         "post-create-project-cmd": [
             "yii\\composer\\Installer::postCreateProject",
             "yii\\composer\\Installer::postInstall"
         ]
     },
     "extra": {
         "yii\\composer\\Installer::postCreateProject": {
             "setPermission": [
                 {
                     "runtime": "0777",
                     "web/assets": "0777",
                     "yii": "0755"
                 }
             ]
         },
         "yii\\composer\\Installer::postInstall": {
             "generateCookieValidationKey": [
                 "config/web.php"
             ]
         }
     },
     "repositories": [
         {
             "type": "composer",
             "url": "https://asset-packagist.org"
         }
     ]
 }