Django实现收藏功能

我的 Django 项目里的用户可以发图片。 我想实现一个收藏功能，就是用户可以收藏其他用户发布的图片。 粗略想了下，model应该这样写：

class FavoritePicture(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(User)
    picture = models.ForeignKey(Pictures)
    created_on = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return "%s likes picture %s" % (self.user, self.picture)

收藏的过程可以考虑用Ajax实现

def add_favorite(request):
    user = request.user
    picture = request.POST['picture_id']
    picture = Pictures.objests.get(id=picture)
    created_on = datetime.datetime.now()
    FavoritePicture.objects.update_or_create(user=user,picture=picture,created_on=created_on)

update_or_create 这个是Django1.7 新功能， 然后你可以考虑下是不是该用外键，我我按照外键的搞法写查询函数

def get_favourite_list(request):
    user = request.GET['username']
    user = User.objects.get(username=user)
    fav_pics = user.favoritepicture_set #这个名字是Django自动确定的
    return render_to_response('xxxx',{fav_pics=fav_pics})

    Django2.0.8+xadmin2实现在线学习网站，课程、讲师、机构、用户收藏功能。GitHub地址：https://github.com/xyliurui/OnlineLearningPlatform ；Django版本：2.0.8

更多内容请点击 我的博客 查看，欢迎来访。 机构收藏功能 机构模型增加收藏数更新函数

# 课程机构信息 class CourseOrg(models.Model):     ORG_CHOICES = (         ("pxjg", "培训机构"),         ("gx", "高校"),         ("gr", "个人"),     )

    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='机构名称')     desc = models.TextField(verbose_name='机构描述')     category = models.CharField(choices=ORG_CHOICES, max_length=10, default='pxjg', verbose_name='机构类别')     click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='点击数')     fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='收藏数')     students = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='学习人数')     course_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='课程数')     image = models.ImageField(upload_to='org/%Y/%m', max_length=100, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='封面图')     address = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name='机构地址')     city = models.ForeignKey(CityDict, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='所在城市')     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name='添加时间')

    class Meta:         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name = '课程机构'

    def change_fav_nums(self, add=1):         self.fav_nums += add         self.save(update_fields=['fav_nums'])

    def __str__(self):         return self.name

用于收藏和取消收藏时值加减 机构收藏ajax视图AddFavView(View)

# 机构收藏或取消收藏 class AddFavView(View):     def post(self, request):         # 收藏的不管是课程，讲师，还是机构，都是记录他们的id，如果没取到把它设置未0，避免查询时异常         fav_id = request.POST.get('fav_id', 0)         # 表明收藏的类别         fav_type = request.POST.get('fav_type', 0)

        # 收藏与已收藏取消收藏         # 判断用户是否登录:即使没登录会有一个匿名的user         if not request.user.is_authenticated:             # 未登录时返回json提示未登录，跳转到登录页面是在ajax中做的             return HttpResponse('{"fav_status":"fail", "fav_msg":"用户未登录"}', content_type='application/json')

        exist_records = UserFavorite.objects.filter(user=request.user, fav_id=fav_id, fav_type=fav_type)

        if exist_records:             # 如果已经存在，表明用户取消收藏             exist_records.delete()             # 机构模型中存储的收藏数减1             CourseOrg.objects.get(id=fav_id).change_fav_nums(add=-1)             return HttpResponse('{"fav_status":"success", "fav_msg":"添加收藏"}', content_type='application/json')         else:             user_fav = UserFavorite()             # 如果取到了id值才进行收藏             if int(fav_id) > 0 and int(fav_type) > 0:                 user_fav.fav_id = fav_id                 user_fav.fav_type = fav_type                 user_fav.user = request.user                 user_fav.save()                 # 机构模型中存储的收藏数加1                 CourseOrg.objects.get(id=fav_id).change_fav_nums(add=1)                 return HttpResponse('{"fav_status":"success", "fav_msg":"取消收藏"}', content_type='application/json')             else:                 return HttpResponse('{"fav_status":"fail", "fav_msg":"收藏出错"}', content_type='application/json')

收藏功能url

from organization.views import OrgListView, AddUserAskView, OrgHomeView, OrgCourseView, OrgDescView, OrgTeacherView, AddFavView

app_name = 'organization'

urlpatterns = [     # 课程机构列表url     path('list/', OrgListView.as_view(), name="org_list"),     path('add_ask/', AddUserAskView.as_view(), name='add_ask'),     re_path('home/(?P<org_id>\d+)/', OrgHomeView.as_view(), name='org_home'),  # 机构详情首页     re_path('id/(?P<org_id>\d+)/courses/', OrgCourseView.as_view(), name='org_course'),  # 机构课程列表     re_path('id/(?P<org_id>\d+)/desc/', OrgDescView.as_view(), name='org_desc'),  # 机构介绍     re_path('id/(?P<org_id>\d+)/teacher/', OrgTeacherView.as_view(), name='org_teacher'),  # 机构讲师     path('add_fav/', AddFavView.as_view(), name="add_fav"),  # 添加机构收藏 ]

机构收藏模板按钮

监听按钮点击动作，post提交，改变按钮的样式和文字

<p>     {% if has_fav %}         <button id="add_fav_org_button" class="btn-round btn-light" style="background: #FFA042">取消收藏</button>     {% else %}         <button id="add_fav_org_button" class="btn-round btn-light" style="background: #02DF82">添加收藏</button>     {% endif %} </p>

<script type="text/javascript">

//添加或取消收藏 function add_fav_org(current_elem, fav_id, fav_type){     $.ajax({         cache: false,         type: "POST",         url:"{% url 'org:add_fav' %}",         data:{'fav_id':fav_id, 'fav_type':fav_type},         async: true,         beforeSend:function(xhr, settings){             xhr.setRequestHeader("X-CSRFToken", "{{ csrf_token }}");         },         success: function(data) {             if(data.fav_status === 'fail'){                 if(data.fav_msg === '用户未登录'){                     window.location.href="/login/?next={{ request.path }}";                 }else{                     alert(data.fav_msg)                 }

            }else if(data.fav_status === 'success'){                 current_elem.text(data.fav_msg);                 // 修改按钮的颜色                 if (data.fav_msg === '取消收藏') {                     document.getElementById('add_fav_org_button').style.background = '#FFA042';                 } else if (data.fav_msg === '添加收藏') {                     document.getElementById('add_fav_org_button').style.background = '#02DF82';                 }             }         },     }); }

('#add_fav_org_button').on('click', function(){     add_fav_org((this), {{ course_org.id }}, 2); });

</script>

BLOG_20190604_140507_46 机构信息页面视图添加收藏状态

例如机构首页，添加has_fav来检测是否已收藏，且需要用户登录的，同事还需要将课程页面、讲师页面、介绍页面都添加上

        has_fav = False         if request.user.is_authenticated:             if UserFavorite.objects.filter(user=request.user, fav_id=course_org.id, fav_type=2):                 has_fav = True

例如

# 机构首页 class OrgHomeView(View):     def get(self, request, org_id):         # 通过id找到机构         course_org = CourseOrg.objects.get(id=org_id)

        # 通过机构找到这个机构的课程和教师，并按一些数据进行排序         all_course = course_org.courses.all().order_by('-students', '-fav_nums', 'click_nums')[:4]         all_teacher = course_org.teachers.all().order_by('-fav_nums', '-click_nums')[:4]

        # TYPE_CHOICES = (         #     (1, "课程"),         #     (2, "课程机构"),         #     (3, "讲师")         # )         has_fav = False         if request.user.is_authenticated:             if UserFavorite.objects.filter(user=request.user, fav_id=course_org.id, fav_type=2):                 has_fav = True

        return render(request, 'org-detail-homepage.html', locals())

标记访问页面

可以在org中每个视图添加一个参数，用于选中激活

        # 标记当前页，用于页面选中active         current_access_url = 'org'

然后前端判断