Django自定义错误页面，只需要一步就可以

一写代码就开心

发布于 2022-05-09 10:44:14

3950

发布于 2022-05-09 10:44:14

文章被收录于专栏：java和python

自定义

直接在项目templates目录下添加400.html、403.html、404.html、500.html，其他什么都不用管。

当前我自己写的404的页面是这样的

源码是：

样式那些都写到一个文件里面了，直接复制过去就可以用

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
  <title>404</title>


 <style>
 html,body {
  height: 100%;
  min-height: 450px;
  font-size: 32px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: #5d7399;
  margin:0;padding:0;border:0;
}

.content {
  height: 100%;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  background-color: #d2e1ec;
  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #bbcfe1 0%, #e8f2f6 80%);
  background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #bbcfe1 0%, #e8f2f6 80%);
  overflow: hidden;
}

.snow {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 20;
}

.main-text {
  padding: 20vh 20px 0 20px;
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 2em;
  font-size: 5vh;
}
.main-text h1 {
  font-size:45px;
  line-height:48px;
  margin:0;
  padding:0;}
.main-text-a{
  height:32px;
  margin-left:auto;
  margin-right:auto;
  text-align:center;
}
.main-text-a a {
   font-size:16px;
   text-decoration:none;
   color:#0066CC;
 }
.main-text-a a:hover{
   color:#000;
}
.home-link {
  font-size: 0.6em;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
  opacity: 0.6;
  border-bottom: 1px dashed rgba(93, 115, 153, 0.5);
}
.home-link:hover {
  opacity: 1;
}

.ground {
  height: 160px;
  width: 100%;
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  background: #f6f9fa;
  box-shadow: 0 0 10px 10px #f6f9fa;
}
.ground:before, .ground:after {
  content: '';
  display: block;
  width: 250px;
  height: 250px;
  position: absolute;
  top: -62.5px;
  z-index: -1;
  background: transparent;
  -webkit-transform: scaleX(0.2) rotate(45deg);
          transform: scaleX(0.2) rotate(45deg);
}
.ground:after {
  left: 50%;
  margin-left: -166.66667px;
  box-shadow: -340px 260px 15px #8193b2, -620px 580px 15px #8193b2, -900px 900px 15px #b0bccf, -1155px 1245px 15px #b4bed1, -1515px 1485px 15px #8193b2, -1755px 1845px 15px #8a9bb8, -2050px 2150px 15px #91a1bc, -2425px 2375px 15px #bac4d5, -2695px 2705px 15px #a1aec6, -3020px 2980px 15px #8193b2, -3315px 3285px 15px #94a3be, -3555px 3645px 15px #9aa9c2, -3910px 3890px 15px #b0bccf, -4180px 4220px 15px #bac4d5, -4535px 4465px 15px #a7b4c9, -4840px 4760px 15px #94a3be;
}
.ground:before {
  right: 50%;
  margin-right: -166.66667px;
  box-shadow: 325px -275px 15px #b4bed1, 620px -580px 15px #adb9cd, 925px -875px 15px #a1aec6, 1220px -1180px 15px #b7c1d3, 1545px -1455px 15px #7e90b0, 1795px -1805px 15px #b0bccf, 2080px -2120px 15px #b7c1d3, 2395px -2405px 15px #8e9eba, 2730px -2670px 15px #b7c1d3, 2995px -3005px 15px #9dabc4, 3285px -3315px 15px #a1aec6, 3620px -3580px 15px #8193b2, 3880px -3920px 15px #aab6cb, 4225px -4175px 15px #9dabc4, 4510px -4490px 15px #8e9eba, 4785px -4815px 15px #a7b4c9;
}

.mound {
  margin-top: -80px;
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: 180px;
  text-align: center;
  color: #dd4040;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.mound:before {
  content: '';
  display: block;
  width: 600px;
  height: 200px;
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  margin-left: -300px;
  top: 50px;
  z-index: 1;
  border-radius: 100%;
  background-color: #e8f2f6;
  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #dee8f1, #f6f9fa 60px);
  background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #dee8f1, #f6f9fa 60px);
}
.mound:after {
  content: '';
  display: block;
  width: 28px;
  height: 6px;
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  margin-left: -150px;
  top: 68px;
  z-index: 2;
  background: #dd4040;
  border-radius: 100%;
  -webkit-transform: rotate(-15deg);
          transform: rotate(-15deg);
  box-shadow: -56px 12px 0 1px #dd4040, -126px 6px 0 2px #dd4040, -196px 24px 0 3px #dd4040;
}

.mound_text {
  -webkit-transform: rotate(6deg);
          transform: rotate(6deg);
}

.mound_spade {
  display: block;
  width: 35px;
  height: 30px;
  position: absolute;
  right: 50%;
  top: 42%;
  margin-right: -250px;
  z-index: 0;
  -webkit-transform: rotate(35deg);
          transform: rotate(35deg);
  background: #dd4040;
}
.mound_spade:before, .mound_spade:after {
  content: '';
  display: block;
  position: absolute;
}
.mound_spade:before {
  width: 40%;
  height: 30px;
  bottom: 98%;
  left: 50%;
  margin-left: -20%;
  background: #dd4040;
}
.mound_spade:after {
  width: 100%;
  height: 30px;
  top: -55px;
  left: 0%;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  border: 10px solid #dd4040;
  border-radius: 4px 4px 20px 20px;
}
 </style>

</head>

<body translate="no"> 
<div class="content">
  <canvas class="snow" id="snow" width="1349" height="400"></canvas>
  <div class="main-text">
    <h6>抱歉!<br>页面找不到了，请输入正确的网址!</h6>
	<div class="main-text-a"><a href="{% url 'homepage' %}">< 返回首页</a></div>
  </div>
  <div class="ground">
    <div class="mound"> 
      <div class="mound_text">404 </div>
      <div class="mound_spade"></div> 
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

  
    <script>
    (function() {
	function ready(fn) {
		if (document.readyState != 'loading'){
			fn();
		} else {
			document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', fn);
		}
	}
	
	function makeSnow(el) {
		var ctx = el.getContext('2d');
		var width = 0;
		var height = 0;
		var particles = [];
		
		var Particle = function() {
			this.x = this.y = this.dx = this.dy = 0;
			this.reset();
		}
		
		Particle.prototype.reset = function() {
			this.y = Math.random() * height;
			this.x = Math.random() * width;
			this.dx = (Math.random() * 1) - 0.5;
			this.dy = (Math.random() * 0.5) + 0.5;
		}
		
		function createParticles(count) {
			if (count != particles.length) {
				particles = [];
				for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) {
					particles.push(new Particle());
				}
			}
		}
				
		function onResize() {
			width = window.innerWidth;
			height = window.innerHeight;
			el.width = width;
			el.height = height;
			
			createParticles((width * height) / 10000);
		}
		
		function updateParticles() {
			ctx.clearRect(0, 0, width, height);
			ctx.fillStyle = '#f6f9fa';
			
			particles.forEach(function(particle) {
				particle.y += particle.dy;
				particle.x += particle.dx;
				
				if (particle.y > height) {
					particle.y = 0;
				}
				
				if (particle.x > width) {
					particle.reset();
					particle.y = 0;
				}
				
				ctx.beginPath();
				ctx.arc(particle.x, particle.y, 5, 0, Math.PI * 2, false);
				ctx.fill();
			});
			
			window.requestAnimationFrame(updateParticles);
		}
		
		onResize();
		updateParticles();
	}
	
	ready(function() {
		var canvas = document.getElementById('snow');
		makeSnow(canvas);
	});
})();
  </script>
</body>
</html>

为什么一步就可以实现

因为django帮我们写好了视图函数：django\views\defaults.py

以下是defaults.py源码：

from django import http
from django.template import Context, Engine, TemplateDoesNotExist, loader
from django.utils import six
from django.utils.encoding import force_text
from django.utils.http import urlquote
from django.views.decorators.csrf import requires_csrf_token
 
ERROR_404_TEMPLATE_NAME = '404.html'
ERROR_403_TEMPLATE_NAME = '403.html'
ERROR_400_TEMPLATE_NAME = '400.html'
ERROR_500_TEMPLATE_NAME = '500.html'
 
 
# This can be called when CsrfViewMiddleware.process_view has not run,
# therefore need @requires_csrf_token in case the template needs
# {% csrf_token %}.
@requires_csrf_token
def page_not_found(request, exception, template_name=ERROR_404_TEMPLATE_NAME):
    """
    Default 404 handler.
    Templates: :template:`404.html`
    Context:
        request_path
            The path of the requested URL (e.g., '/app/pages/bad_page/'). It's
            quoted to prevent a content injection attack.
        exception
            The message from the exception which triggered the 404 (if one was
            supplied), or the exception class name
    """
    exception_repr = exception.__class__.__name__
    # Try to get an "interesting" exception message, if any (and not the ugly
    # Resolver404 dictionary)
    try:
        message = exception.args[0]
    except (AttributeError, IndexError):
        pass
    else:
        if isinstance(message, six.text_type):
            exception_repr = message
    context = {
        'request_path': urlquote(request.path),
        'exception': exception_repr,
    }
    try:
        template = loader.get_template(template_name)
        body = template.render(context, request)
        content_type = None             # Django will use DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE
    except TemplateDoesNotExist:
        if template_name != ERROR_404_TEMPLATE_NAME:
            # Reraise if it's a missing custom template.
            raise
        template = Engine().from_string(
            '<h1>Not Found</h1>'
            '<p>The requested resource was not found on this server.</p>')
        body = template.render(Context(context))
        content_type = 'text/html'
    return http.HttpResponseNotFound(body, content_type=content_type)
 
 
@requires_csrf_token
def server_error(request, template_name=ERROR_500_TEMPLATE_NAME):
    """
    500 error handler.
    Templates: :template:`500.html`
    Context: None
    """
    try:
        template = loader.get_template(template_name)
    except TemplateDoesNotExist:
        if template_name != ERROR_500_TEMPLATE_NAME:
            # Reraise if it's a missing custom template.
            raise
        return http.HttpResponseServerError('<h1>Server Error (500)</h1>', content_type='text/html')
    return http.HttpResponseServerError(template.render())
 
 
@requires_csrf_token
def bad_request(request, exception, template_name=ERROR_400_TEMPLATE_NAME):
    """
    400 error handler.
    Templates: :template:`400.html`
    Context: None
    """
    try:
        template = loader.get_template(template_name)
    except TemplateDoesNotExist:
        if template_name != ERROR_400_TEMPLATE_NAME:
            # Reraise if it's a missing custom template.
            raise
        return http.HttpResponseBadRequest('<h1>Bad Request (400)</h1>', content_type='text/html')
    # No exception content is passed to the template, to not disclose any sensitive information.
    return http.HttpResponseBadRequest(template.render())
 
 
# This can be called when CsrfViewMiddleware.process_view has not run,
# therefore need @requires_csrf_token in case the template needs
# {% csrf_token %}.
@requires_csrf_token
def permission_denied(request, exception, template_name=ERROR_403_TEMPLATE_NAME):
    """
    Permission denied (403) handler.
    Templates: :template:`403.html`
    Context: None
    If the template does not exist, an Http403 response containing the text
    "403 Forbidden" (as per RFC 7231) will be returned.
    """
    try:
        template = loader.get_template(template_name)
    except TemplateDoesNotExist:
        if template_name != ERROR_403_TEMPLATE_NAME:
            # Reraise if it's a missing custom template.
            raise
        return http.HttpResponseForbidden('<h1>403 Forbidden</h1>', content_type='text/html')
    return http.HttpResponseForbidden(
        template.render(request=request, context={'exception': force_text(exception)})
    )

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原始发表：2022-03-05，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除

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