springboot使用quartz实现定时任务_quartz集群任务调度

Java架构师必看

发布于 2022-05-10 13:43:44

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发布于 2022-05-10 13:43:44

springboot使用quartz实现定时任务_quartz集群任务调度前言本文是对之前的一篇文章Spring+SpringMVC+mybatis+Quartz整合代码部分做的一个修改和补充，其中最大的变化就是后台框架变成了SpringBoot。本工程所用到的技术或工具有：SpringBootMybatisQuartzPageHelperVueJSElementUIMySql数据库正文配置本例中仍然是使用mysql数据库作为Quartz任务持久化的

大家好，我是架构君，一个会写代码吟诗的架构师。今天说一说springboot使用quartz实现定时任务_quartz集群任务调度,希望能够帮助大家进步!!!

前言

本文是对之前的一篇文章Spring+SpringMVC+mybatis+Quartz整合代码部分做的一个修改和补充，其中最大的变化就是后台框架变成了Spring Boot。

本工程所用到的技术或工具有：

Spring Boot
Mybatis
Quartz
PageHelper
VueJS
ElementUI
MySql数据库

正文

配置

本例中仍然是使用mysql数据库作为Quartz任务持久化的存储载体。对于如何在Mysql数据库中建立表，在上一篇Spring+SpringMVC+mybatis+Quartz整合中已经有了详细的介绍。这里我们来看Spring Boot工程的建立方法。在Spring网站上有关于建立Spring Boot工程的脚手架，我们按如下图的方式设置，然后点击Generate Project即可。

接着我们在IDE中导入这个maven工程，然后可以看到src/main/resource下面有一个名字为application.properties的文件，里面的内容是空的。我们删除这个文件，然后在这个目录下新建一个名为application.yml的文件。这是配置Spring Boot工程的另一种方式，也是Spring Boot官方推荐的一种配置方式。我们在新建的这个yml文件中，加入如下代码

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://190.0.1.88:3306/hello_test?useUnicode=true
    username: root
    password: root
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

mybatis: 
  mapper-locations:
  - classpath:com/example/demo/mapper/*.xml type-aliases-package: com.example.demo.entity

只听到从架构师办公室传来架构君的声音:

县官急索租，租税从何出？信知生男恶，反是生女好。有谁来对上联或下联?

上面的代码是对数据库和mybatis的一些配置。

接着我们在当前目录下再新建一个名为quartz.properties的文件。这是对Quartz的配置文件。加入如下代码：

# 固定前缀org.quartz
# 主要分为scheduler、threadPool、jobStore、plugin等部分
#
#
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = DefaultQuartzScheduler
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.export = false
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.proxy = false
org.quartz.scheduler.wrapJobExecutionInUserTransaction = false

# 实例化ThreadPool时，使用的线程类为SimpleThreadPool
org.quartz.threadPool.class = org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool

# threadCount和threadPriority将以setter的形式注入ThreadPool实例
# 并发个数
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 5
# 优先级
org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = 5
org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread = true

org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold = 5000

# 默认存储在内存中
#org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore

#持久化
org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX

org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix = QRTZ_

org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource = qzDS

org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.URL = jdbc:mysql://190.0.1.88:3306/hello_test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8

org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.user = root

org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.password = root

org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.maxConnections = 10

可以看出和上一篇文章的配置文件完成相同。接着我们在com.example.demo下新建一个名为SchedulerConfig.java的文件。在这个文件里，对刚才我们新建的quartz.properties文件进行读取。

package com.example.demo;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;

import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.ee.servlet.QuartzInitializerListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;

@Configuration
public class SchedulerConfig { 
   

    @Bean(name="SchedulerFactory")
    public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean() throws IOException {
        SchedulerFactoryBean factory = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
        factory.setQuartzProperties(quartzProperties());
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    public Properties quartzProperties() throws IOException {
        PropertiesFactoryBean propertiesFactoryBean = new PropertiesFactoryBean();
        propertiesFactoryBean.setLocation(new ClassPathResource("/quartz.properties"));
        //在quartz.properties中的属性被读取并注入后再初始化对象
        propertiesFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet();
        return propertiesFactoryBean.getObject();
    }

    /* * quartz初始化监听器 */
    @Bean
    public QuartzInitializerListener executorListener() {
       return new QuartzInitializerListener();
    }

    /* * 通过SchedulerFactoryBean获取Scheduler的实例 */
    @Bean(name="Scheduler")
    public Scheduler scheduler() throws IOException {
        return schedulerFactoryBean().getScheduler();
    }

}

注意最下方的QuartzInitializerListener。在SpringMVC中，我们在配置Quartz的时候，要在web.xml中加入如下配置：

    <listener>
        <listener-class>
            org.quartz.ee.servlet.QuartzInitializerListener
        </listener-class>
    </listener>

这个监听器可以监听到工程的启动，在工程停止再启动时可以让已有的定时任务继续进行。由于我们目前的工程是Spring Boot，没有web.xml的配置方式，所以我们在上文的SchedulerConfig类中直接注入了这个Bean。

实现

先来看Job类。首先设置一个BaseJob接口，用来继承Job类：

package com.example.demo.job;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;

public interface BaseJob extends Job{ 
   
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException;
}

然后两个Job类用来实现BaseJob类：

HelloJob

package com.example.demo.job;

import java.util.Date;  
import org.slf4j.Logger;  
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;   
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;  
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;  

public class HelloJob implements BaseJob { 
     

    private static Logger _log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloJob.class);  

    public HelloJob() {  

    }  

    public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)  
        throws JobExecutionException {  
        _log.error("Hello Job执行时间: " + new Date());  

    }  
}

NewJob

package com.example.demo.job;

import java.util.Date;  
import org.slf4j.Logger;  
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;  
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;  
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;  

public class NewJob implements BaseJob { 
     

    private static Logger _log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(NewJob.class);  

    public NewJob() {  

    }  

    public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)  
        throws JobExecutionException {  
        _log.error("New Job执行时间: " + new Date());  

    }  
}

至于这样做的目的，我们可以先看一下Controller

package com.example.demo.controller;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.CronTrigger;
import org.quartz.JobBuilder;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.JobKey;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.quartz.TriggerKey;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.example.demo.entity.JobAndTrigger;
import com.example.demo.job.BaseJob;
import com.example.demo.service.IJobAndTriggerService;
import com.github.pagehelper.PageInfo;


@RestController
@RequestMapping(value="/job")
public class JobController { 
   
    @Autowired
    private IJobAndTriggerService iJobAndTriggerService;

    //加入Qulifier注解，通过名称注入bean
    @Autowired @Qualifier("Scheduler")
    private Scheduler scheduler;

    private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JobController.class);  


    @PostMapping(value="/addjob")
    public void addjob(@RequestParam(value="jobClassName")String jobClassName, 
            @RequestParam(value="jobGroupName")String jobGroupName, 
            @RequestParam(value="cronExpression")String cronExpression) throws Exception
    {           
        addJob(jobClassName, jobGroupName, cronExpression);
    }

    public void addJob(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName, String cronExpression)throws Exception{

        // 启动调度器 
        scheduler.start(); 

        //构建job信息
        JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(getClass(jobClassName).getClass()).withIdentity(jobClassName, jobGroupName).build();

        //表达式调度构建器(即任务执行的时间)
        CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cronExpression);

        //按新的cronExpression表达式构建一个新的trigger
        CronTrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobClassName, jobGroupName)
            .withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();

        try {
            scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);

        } catch (SchedulerException e) {
            System.out.println("创建定时任务失败"+e);
            throw new Exception("创建定时任务失败");
        }
    }


    @PostMapping(value="/pausejob")
    public void pausejob(@RequestParam(value="jobClassName")String jobClassName, @RequestParam(value="jobGroupName")String jobGroupName) throws Exception
    {           
        jobPause(jobClassName, jobGroupName);
    }

    public void jobPause(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName) throws Exception
    {   
        scheduler.pauseJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobClassName, jobGroupName));
    }


    @PostMapping(value="/resumejob")
    public void resumejob(@RequestParam(value="jobClassName")String jobClassName, @RequestParam(value="jobGroupName")String jobGroupName) throws Exception
    {           
        jobresume(jobClassName, jobGroupName);
    }

    public void jobresume(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName) throws Exception
    {
        scheduler.resumeJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobClassName, jobGroupName));
    }


    @PostMapping(value="/reschedulejob")
    public void rescheduleJob(@RequestParam(value="jobClassName")String jobClassName, 
            @RequestParam(value="jobGroupName")String jobGroupName,
            @RequestParam(value="cronExpression")String cronExpression) throws Exception
    {           
        jobreschedule(jobClassName, jobGroupName, cronExpression);
    }

    public void jobreschedule(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName, String cronExpression) throws Exception
    {               
        try {
            TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobClassName, jobGroupName);
            // 表达式调度构建器
            CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cronExpression);

            CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);

            // 按新的cronExpression表达式重新构建trigger
            trigger = trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(triggerKey).withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();

            // 按新的trigger重新设置job执行
            scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);
        } catch (SchedulerException e) {
            System.out.println("更新定时任务失败"+e);
            throw new Exception("更新定时任务失败");
        }
    }


    @PostMapping(value="/deletejob")
    public void deletejob(@RequestParam(value="jobClassName")String jobClassName, @RequestParam(value="jobGroupName")String jobGroupName) throws Exception
    {           
        jobdelete(jobClassName, jobGroupName);
    }

    public void jobdelete(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName) throws Exception
    {       
        scheduler.pauseTrigger(TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobClassName, jobGroupName));
        scheduler.unscheduleJob(TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobClassName, jobGroupName));
        scheduler.deleteJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobClassName, jobGroupName));             
    }


    @GetMapping(value="/queryjob")
    public Map<String, Object> queryjob(@RequestParam(value="pageNum")Integer pageNum, @RequestParam(value="pageSize")Integer pageSize) 
    {           
        PageInfo<JobAndTrigger> jobAndTrigger = iJobAndTriggerService.getJobAndTriggerDetails(pageNum, pageSize);
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("JobAndTrigger", jobAndTrigger);
        map.put("number", jobAndTrigger.getTotal());
        return map;
    }

    public static BaseJob getClass(String classname) throws Exception 
    {
        Class<?> class1 = Class.forName(classname);
        return (BaseJob)class1.newInstance();
    }


}

注意最下面的这个方法，根据类名称，通过反射得到该类，然后创建一个BaseJob的实例。由于NewJob和HelloJob都实现了BaseJob，所以这里不需要我们手动去判断。这里涉及到了一些java多态调用的机制，篇幅原因不多做解释。

其他的部分，例如service层，dao层以及mapper，与上一篇文章几乎完全相同。我们可以看一下现在的工程结构：

我们可以看到static下的JobManager.html，这个是前端的一个简单的管理页面。Spring Boot的web工程中，静态页面可以放在static目录下。这里贴一下代码，与之前几乎没区别：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>QuartzDemo</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/element-ui@2.0.5/lib/theme-chalk/index.css">
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
    <script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/vue-resource/1.3.4/vue-resource.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/element-ui@2.0.5/lib/index.js"></script>

    <style> #top { background:#20A0FF; padding:5px; overflow:hidden } </style>

</head>
<body>
    <div id="test">             

        <div id="top">          
                <el-button type="text" @click="search" style="color:white">查询</el-button>   
                <el-button type="text" @click="handleadd" style="color:white">添加</el-button>    
            </span>                     
        </div>  

        <br/>

        <div style="margin-top:15px">   

          <el-table  ref="testTable" :data="tableData" style="width:100%" border >
            <el-table-column  prop="job_NAME" label="任务名称" sortable show-overflow-tooltip>
            </el-table-column>

            <el-table-column  prop="job_GROUP" label="任务所在组" sortable>
            </el-table-column>

            <el-table-column  prop="job_CLASS_NAME" label="任务类名" sortable>
            </el-table-column>

            <el-table-column  prop="trigger_NAME" label="触发器名称" sortable>
            </el-table-column>

            <el-table-column  prop="trigger_GROUP" label="触发器所在组" sortable>
            </el-table-column>

            <el-table-column  prop="cron_EXPRESSION" label="表达式" sortable>
            </el-table-column>

            <el-table-column  prop="time_ZONE_ID" label="时区" sortable>
            </el-table-column>

            <el-table-column label="操作" width="300">
              <template scope="scope">
                <el-button  size="small" type="warning" @click="handlePause(scope.$index, scope.row)">暂停</el-button>

                <el-button  size="small" type="info" @click="handleResume(scope.$index, scope.row)">恢复</el-button>

                <el-button  size="small" type="danger" @click="handleDelete(scope.$index, scope.row)">删除</el-button>

                <el-button  size="small" type="success" @click="handleUpdate(scope.$index, scope.row)">修改</el-button>
              </template>
            </el-table-column>
          </el-table>

          <div align="center">
              <el-pagination  @size-change="handleSizeChange" @current-change="handleCurrentChange" :current-page="currentPage" :page-sizes="[10, 20, 30, 40]" :page-size="pagesize" layout="total, sizes, prev, pager, next, jumper" :total="totalCount">
              </el-pagination>
          </div>
        </div> 

        <el-dialog title="添加任务" :visible.syn="dialogFormVisible">
          <el-form :model="form">
            <el-form-item label="任务名称" label-width="120px" style="width:35%">
              <el-input v-model="form.jobName" auto-complete="off"></el-input>
            </el-form-item>     
            <el-form-item label="任务分组" label-width="120px" style="width:35%">
              <el-input v-model="form.jobGroup" auto-complete="off"></el-input>
            </el-form-item>
            <el-form-item label="表达式" label-width="120px" style="width:35%">
              <el-input v-model="form.cronExpression" auto-complete="off"></el-input>
            </el-form-item>
          </el-form>
          <div slot="footer" class="dialog-footer">
            <el-button @click="dialogFormVisible = false">取 消</el-button>
            <el-button type="primary" @click="add">确 定</el-button>
          </div>
        </el-dialog>

        <el-dialog title="修改任务" :visible.syn="updateFormVisible">
          <el-form :model="updateform">
            <el-form-item label="表达式" label-width="120px" style="width:35%">
              <el-input v-model="updateform.cronExpression" auto-complete="off"></el-input>
            </el-form-item>
          </el-form>
          <div slot="footer" class="dialog-footer">
            <el-button @click="updateFormVisible = false">取 消</el-button>
            <el-button type="primary" @click="update">确 定</el-button>
          </div>
        </el-dialog>

    </div>

    <footer align="center">
        <p>&copy; Quartz 任务管理</p>
    </footer>

    <script> var vue = new Vue({ el:"#test", data: { //表格当前页数据 tableData: [], //请求的URL url:'job/queryjob', //默认每页数据量 pagesize: 10, //当前页码 currentPage: 1, //查询的页码 start: 1, //默认数据总数 totalCount: 1000, //添加对话框默认可见性 dialogFormVisible: false, //修改对话框默认可见性 updateFormVisible: false, //提交的表单 form: { jobName: '', jobGroup: '', cronExpression: '', }, updateform: { jobName: '', jobGroup: '', cronExpression: '', }, }, methods: { //从服务器读取数据 loadData: function(pageNum, pageSize){ 
     this.$http.get('job/queryjob?' + 'pageNum=' + pageNum + '&pageSize=' + pageSize).then(function(res){ 
     console.log(res) this.tableData = res.body.JobAndTrigger.list; this.totalCount = res.body.number; },function(){ 
     console.log('failed'); }); }, //单行删除 handleDelete: function(index, row) { 
     this.$http.post('job/deletejob',{ 
   "jobClassName":row.job_NAME,"jobGroupName":row.job_GROUP},{emulateJSON: true}).then(function(res){ 
     this.loadData( this.currentPage, this.pagesize); },function(){ 
     console.log('failed'); }); }, //暂停任务 handlePause: function(index, row){ 
     this.$http.post('job/pausejob',{ 
   "jobClassName":row.job_NAME,"jobGroupName":row.job_GROUP},{emulateJSON: true}).then(function(res){ 
     this.loadData( this.currentPage, this.pagesize); },function(){ 
     console.log('failed'); }); }, //恢复任务 handleResume: function(index, row){ 
     this.$http.post('job/resumejob',{ 
   "jobClassName":row.job_NAME,"jobGroupName":row.job_GROUP},{emulateJSON: true}).then(function(res){ 
     this.loadData( this.currentPage, this.pagesize); },function(){ 
     console.log('failed'); }); }, //搜索 search: function(){ 
     this.loadData(this.currentPage, this.pagesize); }, //弹出对话框 handleadd: function(){ 
     this.dialogFormVisible = true; }, //添加 add: function(){ 
     this.$http.post('job/addjob',{ 
   "jobClassName":this.form.jobName,"jobGroupName":this.form.jobGroup,"cronExpression":this.form.cronExpression},{emulateJSON: true}).then(function(res){ 
     this.loadData(this.currentPage, this.pagesize); this.dialogFormVisible = false; },function(){ 
     console.log('failed'); }); }, //更新 handleUpdate: function(index, row){ 
     console.log(row) this.updateFormVisible = true; this.updateform.jobName = row.job_CLASS_NAME; this.updateform.jobGroup = row.job_GROUP; }, //更新任务 update: function(){ 
     this.$http.post ('job/reschedulejob', { 
   "jobClassName":this.updateform.jobName, "jobGroupName":this.updateform.jobGroup, "cronExpression":this.updateform.cronExpression },{emulateJSON: true} ).then(function(res){ 
     this.loadData(this.currentPage, this.pagesize); this.updateFormVisible = false; },function(){ 
     console.log('failed'); }); }, //每页显示数据量变更 handleSizeChange: function(val) { 
     this.pagesize = val; this.loadData(this.currentPage, this.pagesize); }, //页码变更 handleCurrentChange: function(val) { 
     this.currentPage = val; this.loadData(this.currentPage, this.pagesize); }, }, }); //载入数据 vue.loadData(vue.currentPage, vue.pagesize); </script>  

</body>
</html>

唯一的区别是这里所用到的所有vue插件和ElementUI插件都是通过CDN方式引入，方便读者下载之后直接运行。需要注意的是，在添加新的任务的时候，填写任务名称时一定要把这个Job类的完整路径输入进来。例如

否则会报找不到该类的错误。对于Cron表达式，可以去在线Cron表达式生成器根据自己的需求自动生成。程序的截图如下

这两个任务执行的log：

2017-06-27 17:23:56.194 ERROR 9972 --- [eduler_Worker-3] com.example.demo.job.HelloJob: Hello Job执行时间: Tue Jun 27 17:23:56 CST 2017
2017-06-27 17:23:57.042 ERROR 9972 --- [eduler_Worker-4] com.example.demo.job.NewJob: New Job执行时间: Tue Jun 27 17:23:57 CST 2017
2017-06-27 17:23:58.051 ERROR 9972 --- [eduler_Worker-5] com.example.demo.job.HelloJob: Hello Job执行时间: Tue Jun 27 17:23:58 CST 2017
2017-06-27 17:24:00.070 ERROR 9972 --- [eduler_Worker-1] com.example.demo.job.NewJob: New Job执行时间: Tue Jun 27 17:24:00 CST 2017
2017-06-27 17:24:00.144 ERROR 9972 --- [eduler_Worker-2] com.example.demo.job.HelloJob: Hello Job执行时间: Tue Jun 27 17:24:00 CST 2017
2017-06-27 17:24:02.099 ERROR 9972 --- [eduler_Worker-3] com.example.demo.job.HelloJob: Hello Job执行时间: Tue Jun 27 17:24:02 CST 2017
2017-06-27 17:24:03.329 ERROR 9972 --- [eduler_Worker-4] com.example.demo.job.NewJob: New Job执行时间: Tue Jun 27 17:24:03 CST 2017

工程地址

这个工程已上传至我的github。如果你按上一篇文章的方法已经在mysql数据库中用脚本建立了数据表，那么下载这个工程之后只需要把application.yml和quartz.properties中对数据库连接的配置修改成你自己的数据库配置即可。

运行方法

Spring Boot工程已经集成了服务器。右键点击DemoApplication.java -> Run As -> Java Application即可运行工程。默认端口为8080，启动后在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost:8080/JobManager.html就可以看到效果。

2017/12/7更新：修改了scheduler的初始化方式：在配置文件中进行初始化bean，并通过autowired的方式注入到controller中。此更新已同步至我的github和本篇文章内的代码。修改了两个文件：SchedulerConfig.java和JobController.java。另：若读者需要修改程序运行端口，可在application.yml中最上面加入以下代码(以端口9065为例)：