设计模式之装饰者模式

用户9854323

发布于 2022-06-25 10:35:03

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发布于 2022-06-25 10:35:03

文章被收录于专栏：小陈飞砖

装饰者模式：动态的将新功能附加到对象上，在对象功能扩展方面，它比继承更有弹性。

一、咖啡馆订单项目

1)、咖啡种类 : Espresso、ShortBlack、LongBlack、Decaf 2)、调料 : Milk、Soy、Chocolate 3)、扩展性好、改动方便、维护方便

下面这个方案会类爆炸：

二、装饰者模式

1、Drink抽象类

public abstract class Drink {
	public String description="";
	private float price=0f;;
	public void setDescription(String description){
		this.description=description;
	}
	public String getDescription(){
		return description+"-"+this.getPrice();
	}
	public float getPrice(){
		return price;
	}
	public void setPrice(float price){
		this.price=price;
	}
	public abstract float cost();
	
}

2、Coffee类及其实现类

1）、Coffee基类

public  class Coffee extends Drink {

	@Override
	public float cost() {
		return super.getPrice();
	}
}

2）、Decaf类

public class Decaf extends Coffee {
	public Decaf()
	{
		super.setDescription("Decaf");
		super.setPrice(3.0f);
	}
}

3）、Espresso类

public class Espresso extends Coffee{
	public Espresso(){
		super.setDescription("Espresso");
		super.setPrice(4.0f);
	}
}

4）、LongBlack类

public class LongBlack extends Coffee{
	public LongBlack(){
		super.setDescription("LongBlack");
		super.setPrice(6.0f);
	}
}

3、Decorator类及其实现类

1）、Decorator基类

public  class Decorator extends Drink {
	private Drink Obj;    
	
	public Decorator(Drink Obj){
		this.Obj=Obj;
	};
	
	@Override
	public float cost() {		
		return super.getPrice()+Obj.cost();
	}

	@Override
	public String getDescription(){
		return super.description+"-"+super.getPrice()+"&&"+Obj.getDescription();
	}	
}

2）、Chocolate类

public class Chocolate extends Decorator {

	public Chocolate(Drink Obj) {		
		super(Obj);
		super.setDescription("Chocolate");
		super.setPrice(3.0f);
	}
}

3）、Milk类

public class Milk extends Decorator {

	public Milk(Drink Obj) {		
		super(Obj);
		super.setDescription("Milk");
		super.setPrice(2.0f);
	}
}

4、Decorator类及其实现类

public class CoffeeBar {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		Drink order;
		order=new Decaf();
		System.out.println("order1 price:"+order.cost());
		System.out.println("order1 desc:"+order.getDescription());
		
		System.out.println("****************");
		
		order=new LongBlack();   // 一杯黑咖啡
		order=new Milk(order);    //  一杯加牛奶的黑咖啡
		order=new Chocolate(order);   //   一杯加Chocolate加牛奶的黑咖啡
		order=new Chocolate(order);  //    一杯加两份Chocolate加牛奶的黑咖啡
		System.out.println("order2 price:"+order.cost());
		System.out.println("order2 desc:"+order.getDescription());	
	}
}