pytest+requests+allure实现接口自动化测试系列（9）-封装自己的断言

搁浅同学

发布于 2022-07-21 15:02:25

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发布于 2022-07-21 15:02:25

文章被收录于专栏：搁浅测试同学小分享搁浅测试同学小分享

接着上一篇分享

上一篇分享了接口之间的数据依赖，我们的测试结构数据，还有一部分没有说明，就是断言这一部分，下面的数据结构，我设计的需要断言的放在

validate这个地方，每一项是一个字典，键是响应的jsonpath，值是预期结果，同时声明了断言的类型，整体是一个列表。

  - testCase:
      description: login success
      name: login
      method: post
      uri: "https://api2.mubu.com/v3/api/user/phone_login"
      headers:
        Content-Type: application/json
      payload:
        phone: "135288728ddd"
        password: "Aa12345678"
        callbackType: 0
      extract:
        token: $.data.token
      validate:
         - equal_to:
            $.code: 0
         - equal_to:
            $.code: 0
  - testCase:
      description: profile
      name: profile
      method: post
      uri: "https://api2.mubu.com/v3/api/user/profile"
      headers:
        Content-Type: application/json
        jwt-token: ${token}
      payload: {}
      validate:
        - equal_to:
            $.code: 0
        - equal_to:
            $.code: 0

如果用pytest自带的断言进行封装，可能会比较麻烦点，所以我用了一个第三方的断言库hamcrest，通过pip install PyHamcrest进行安装，我们在utils.py，新增函数validate，代码如下

 from hamcrest import *
    @staticmethod
    def validate(validate_list: list, response):
        for validate in validate_list:
            for key, item in validate.items():
                for key_json_path, item_expect in item.items():
                    logger.info(f"预期结果的值是{item_expect}")
                    actual_val = jsonpath.jsonpath(response, key_json_path)[0]
                    logger.info(f"获取真实值是{actual_val}")
                    if key == "equal_to": # 断言相等
                        assert_that(actual_val, equal_to(item_expect))
                    elif key == "less_than":
                        assert_that(actual_val, less_than(item_expect))
                    elif key == "greater_than":
                        assert_that(actual_val, greater_than(item_expect))
                    elif key == "has_length":
                        assert_that(actual_val, has_length(item_expect))
                    elif key == "has_string":
                        assert_that(actual_val, has_string(item_expect))
                    elif key == "greater_than_or_equal_to":
                        assert_that(actual_val, greater_than_or_equal_to(item_expect))
                    elif key == "less_than_or_equal_to":
                        assert_that(actual_val, less_than_or_equal_to(item_expect))
                    else:
                        logger.info("-------暂时不支持该断言方法---------")

重新修改下断言的字段，第一个接口增加了手机号这个字段的验证，如下：

  - testCase:
      description: login success
      name: login
      method: post
      uri: "https://api2.mubu.com/v3/api/user/phone_login"
      headers:
        Content-Type: application/json
      payload:
        phone: "13528872ssss2"
        password: "Aa12345678"
        callbackType: 0
      extract:
        token: $.data.token
      validate:
         - equal_to:
            $.code: 0
         - equal_to:
            $.data.phone: "135288ssss802"
  - testCase:
      description: profile
      name: profile
      method: post
      uri: "https://api2.mubu.com/v3/api/user/profile"
      headers:
        Content-Type: application/json
        jwt-token: ${token}
      payload: {}
      validate:
        - equal_to:
            $.code: 0

重新修改下之前的测试用例如下：

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import pytest
from common.request_handler import request_handler
from common.yamlRead import read_yaml
from common.utils import Utils
from common.logger import logger


class Testrequests:
    @pytest.mark.parametrize('test_data', read_yaml('../testData/login.yml'))
    def test_requests(self, test_data):
        request_data = test_data['testCase']
        request_data = Utils.handle_request_data(request_data)
        method = request_data['method']
        headers = request_data['headers']
        url = request_data['uri']
        data = request_data['payload']
        logger.debug(request_data)
        response = request_handler(method, url, headers, data)
        logger.debug(response)
        if 'extract' in request_data:
            Utils.extract(request_data['extract'], response)
        if 'validate' in request_data:
            validate_list = request_data['validate']
            Utils.validate(validate_list, response)

运行测试用例，结果如下：

我们看到已经对所有的字段进行断言了，但是我们测试用例有的地方可以进行优化，可已经提取和发送请求放在一个函数里面，在request_handler这个文件里面增加函数

def request_from_request_data(request_data: dict):
    """

    :param base_url: 请求域名
    :param request_data: 请求数据
    :return: 返回响应
    """
    request_data = Utils.handle_request_data(request_data)
    method = request_data['method']
    headers = request_data['headers']
    url = request_data['uri']
    data = request_data['payload']
    response = request_handler(method, url, headers, data)
    if 'extract' in request_data:
        Utils.extract(request_data['extract'], response)
    return response

再次修改用例如下，代码比上面更加简洁一点。

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import pytest
from common.request_handler import request_from_request_data
from common.yamlRead import read_yaml
from common.utils import Utils
from common.logger import logger


class Testrequests:
    @pytest.mark.parametrize('test_data', read_yaml('../testData/login.yml'))
    def test_requests(self, test_data):
        request_data = test_data['testCase']
        request_data = Utils.handle_request_data(request_data)
        response = request_from_request_data(request_data)
        if 'validate' in request_data:
            validate_list = request_data['validate']
            Utils.validate(validate_list, response)

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原始发表：2021-12-22，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除

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