memcache缓存应用（LNMP+memcache）

环境：

memcache：192.168.154.131 nginx：192.168.154.132 php：192.168.154.133 mysql：192.168.154.134

软件：

memcache上：libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz、memcached-1.4.33.tar.gz 下载地址：http://libevent.org/ 下载地址：http://memcached.org/downloads nginx上：nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz 下载地址：http://nginx.org/en/download.html php上：libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz、php-5.6.27.tar.gz、memcache-3.0.8.tgz 下载地址：https://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/ 下载地址：http://php.net/downloads.php mysql上：mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz（二进制包） 下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

步骤

nginx部分

groupadd -r www

useradd -r -g www -s /sbin/nologin www

tar zxf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.14.0

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ --with-http_dav_module --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module \ --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module \ --with-pcre=/root/pcre-8.39 --with-zlib=/root/zlib-1.2.8 \ --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --user=www --group=www

make && make install

ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin

nginx

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=80/tcp

firewall-cmd --reload

nginx配置文件/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user www www; worker_processes 4; worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000; error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info;pid logs/nginx.pid; events {  use epoll;  worker_connections 65535;  multi_accept on; } http {  include mime.types;  default_type application/octet-stream;  #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '  # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '  # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';  #access_log logs/access.log main;  sendfile on;  tcp_nopush on;  keepalive_timeout 65;  tcp_nodelay on;  client_header_buffer_size 4k;  open_file_cache max=102400 inactive=20s;  open_file_cache_valid 30s;  open_file_cache_min_uses 1;  client_header_timeout 15;  client_body_timeout 15;  reset_timedout_connection on;  send_timeout 15;  server_tokens off;  client_max_body_size 10m;  fastcgi_connect_timeout 600;  fastcgi_send_timeout 600;  fastcgi_read_timeout 600;  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;  fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/nginx_tmp;  fastcgi_intercept_errors on;  fastcgi_cache_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_fastcgi:128m inactive=1d max_size=10g;  gzip on;  gzip_min_length 2k;  gzip_buffers 4 32k;  gzip_http_version 1.1;  gzip_comp_level 6;  gzip_types text/plain text/css text/javascript application/json application/javascript application/x-javascript application/xml;  gzip_vary on;  gzip_proxied any;  server {   listen 80;   server_name localhost;   #charset koi8-r;   #access_log logs/host.access.log main;   location ~* ^.+\.(jpg|gif|png|swf|flv|wma|wmv|asf|mp3|mmf|zip|rar)$ {    valid_referers none blocked 192.168.154.132;     if ($invalid_referer) {     return 404;     break;    }    access_log off;   }   location / {    root html;    index index.php index.html index.htm;   }   location ~* \.(ico|jpe?g|gif|png|bmp|swf|flv)$ {    expires 30d;    #log_not_found off;    access_log off;   }   location ~* \.(js|css)$ {    expires 7d;    log_not_found off;    access_log off;   }   location = /(favicon.ico|roboots.txt) {    access_log off;   log_not_found off;   }   location /status {    stub_status on;   }   location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ {    root html;    fastcgi_pass 192.168.154.133:9000;    fastcgi_index index.php;    include fastcgi.conf; #关闭fastcgi的缓存   fastcgi_cache cache_fastcgi;    fastcgi_cache_valid 200 302 1h;    fastcgi_cache_valid 301 1d;    fastcgi_cache_valid any 1m;    fastcgi_cache_min_uses 1;    fastcgi_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header http_500;    fastcgi_cache_key http://$host$request_uri;   }   #error_page 404 /404.html;   # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html   #   error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;   location = /50x.html {    root html;   }  } }

nginx -s reload

php部分

tar zxf libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.7

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt && make && make install

yum -y install libxml2-devel libcurl-devel openssl-devel bzip2-devel

tar zxf php-5.6.27.tar.gz

cd php-5.6.27

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=mysqlnd \ --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-openssl --enable-fpm --enable-sockets \ --enable-sysvshm --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib \ --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --with-mhash --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt \ --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 \ --enable-maintainer-zts

make && make install

cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini

cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm

cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm

chkconfig --add php-fpm

chkconfig php-fpm on

sed -i 's#;pid = run/php-fpm.pid#pid = run/php-fpm.pid#g' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

sed -i 's/listen = 127.0.0.1:9000/listen = 0.0.0.0:9000/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

sed -i 's/pm.max_children = 5/pm.max_children = 300/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

sed -i 's/pm.start_servers = 2/pm.start_servers = 10/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

sed -i 's/pm.min_spare_servers = 1/pm.min_spare_servers = 10/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

sed -i 's/pm.max_spare_servers = 3/pm.max_spare_servers = 50/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

service php-fpm start

mysql部分

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs

groupadd -r mysql

useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false -M mysql tar zxf mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

mv mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin

cat >> /etc/my.cnf << EOF [client] socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock [mysqld] basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data port=3306 pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid server_id=1 socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.err EOF

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig --add mysqld

chkconfig on mysqld

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl start mysqld

memcache部分

tar zxf libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz

cd libevent-2.0.22-stable/

./configure && make&& make install

tar zxf memcached-1.4.33.tar.gz

cd memcached-1.4.33/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached --with-libevent=/usr/local

make && make install

vi ~/.bash_profile

MEMCACHED_HOME=/usr/local/memcached LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$MEMCACHED_HOME/lib

memcached -d -m 2048 -l 192.168.154.131 -p 11211 -u root -c 10240 -P /usr/local/memcached/memcached.pid

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=11211/tcp

firewall-cmd --reload

在php上

加载memcache.so（使php作为memcache的客户端）

tar zxf memcache-3.0.8.tgz

cd memcache-3.0.8/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --enable-memcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make && make install

注意：安装完后会有类似这样的提示： Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/；记住这个路径，需要加载到php的配置文件中。

vim /etc/php.ini

##查找extension并在对应位置添加 extension=/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/memcache.so ##在末尾添加 session.save_handler = memcache session.save_path = "tcp://192.168.154.131:11211?persistent=1&weight=1&timeout=1&retry_interval=15"

service php-fpm restart

在nginx上

编写php测试页面。vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php

<?php phpinfo(); ?>

访问http://192.168.154.132，应当可以看到memcache和session字样。

（成功表示php上安装好了memcache.so）

编写memcache测试页面。vim /usr/local/nginx/html/test.php

<?php $memcache = new Memcache; $memcache->connect('192.168.154.131', 11211) or die ("Could not connect"); $version = $memcache->getVersion(); echo "Server's version: ".$version." "; $tmp_object = new stdClass; $tmp_object->str_attr = 'test'; $tmp_object->int_attr = 123; $memcache->set('key', $tmp_object, false, 10) or die ("Failed to save data at the server"); echo "Store data in the cache (data will expire in 10 seconds) "; $get_result = $memcache->get('key'); echo "Data from the cache: "; var_dump($get_result); ?>

预计会输出四行字符，有memcache版本信息等

（成功表示连接到了memcache服务器）

编写测试memcache的session共享脚本，vim /usr/local/nginx/html/session.php

<?php session_start(); if (!isset($_SESSION['session_time'])) {   $_SESSION['session_time'] = time(); } echo "now_time:".time()." "; echo "session_id:".session_id()." "; ?>

预计输出session_time、now_time、session_id

使用telnet连接memcache

telnet 192.168.154.131 11211

然后get session_id的值，如果得到的session_time和网页上的一样表示session共享成功。

在mysql上

mysql> create database testdb1;

mysql> use testdb1;

mysql> create table test1(id int not null auto_increment,name varchar(20) default null,primary key (id)) engine=innodb auto_increment=1 default charset=utf8;

mysql> insert into test1(name) values ('tom1'),('tom2'),('tom3'),('tom4'),('tom5');

mysql> select * from test1; +----+------+ | id | name | +----+------+ | 1 | tom1 | | 2 | tom2 | | 3 | tom3 | | 4 | tom4 | | 5 | tom5 | +----+------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant select on testdb1.* to user@'%' identified by '123456';

在nginx上

编辑memcache缓存mysql测试页面，vim /usr/local/nginx/html/test_db.php

<?php $memcachehost = '192.168.154.131'; $memcacheport = 11211; $memcachelife = 60; $memcache = new Memcache; $memcache->connect($memcachehost,$memcacheport) or die ("Could not connect"); $query="select * from test1 limit 10"; $key=md5($query); if(!$memcache->get($key)) {     $conn=mysql_connect("192.168.154.134","user","123456");     mysql_select_db(testdb1);     $result=mysql_query($query); while ($row=mysql_fetch_assoc($result))     {         $arr[]=$row;     }     $f = 'mysql';     $memcache->add($key,serialize($arr),0,30);     $data = $arr ; } else{     $f = 'memcache';     $data_mem=$memcache->get($key);     $data = unserialize($data_mem); } echo $f; echo "<br>" echo "$key"; echo "<br>" //print_r($data); foreach($data as $a) { echo "number is <b><font color=#FF0000>$a[id]</font></b>"; echo "<br>"; echo "name is <b><font color=#FF0000>$a[name]</font></b>"; echo "<br>"; } ?>

预计会输出memcache的key，和我们在mysql创建的数据表的数据

（成功即表示memcache缓存到mysql的数据）