Ubuntu 23.10.1 上安装 Kubernetes 1.28.2

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NeXT80

修改于 2024-03-02 22:00:10

5.4K3

修改于 2024-03-02 22:00:10

文章被收录于专栏：NeXT的开发笔记NeXT的开发笔记

搭建一台开发环境的kubernetes

Step 1 Set hostname and add entries in the hosts file

安装Ubuntu时应该已经有机器名了，比如我的机器名是u1（1.1.1.90）

要ping一下自己的机器名，如果返回127.0.0.1，请到 /etc/hosts修改成实际的IP地址

得到本机IP地址输入命令ip a

Step 2 Disable swap & add kernel settings

sudo swapoff -a

sudo sed -i 's/\/swap.img/#\/swap.img/' /etc/fsta

可以用free -m检查swap是否为0

sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/containerd.conf<<EOF
overlay
br_netfilter
EOF

sudo modprobe overlay

sudo modprobe br_netfilter

sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf<<EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
EOF

sudo sysctl --system

Step 3 Install containerd run time

sudo apt install -y curl gnupg2 software-properties-common apt-transport-https ca-certificates

注意，必须从docker的源里安装最新版的containerd，ubuntu默认源的版本过低

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

sudo apt update

sudo apt install -y containerd.io

containerd config default | sudo tee /etc/containerd/config.toml >/dev/null 2>&1

sudo sed -i 's/SystemdCgroup \= false/SystemdCgroup \= true/g' /etc/containerd/config.toml

注意：如果你在国内，需要用nano打开config.toml，把其中的k8s.gcr.io替换成registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers

sudo sed -i 's/registry.k8s.io\/pause:3.6/registry.aliyuncs.com\/google_containers\/pause:3.9/' /etc/containerd/config.toml

sudo systemctl restart containerd

sudo systemctl enable containerd

Step 4 Add apt repository for Kubernetes

如果你在国外

curl -s https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -

sudo apt-add-repository "deb http://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main"

如果你在国内

curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -

sudo apt-add-repository "deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main"

Step 5 Install Kubernetes components Kubectl, kubeadm & kubelet

sudo apt update

sudo apt install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl

Step 6 Initialize Kubernetes cluster with Kubeadm command

注意把结尾的1.1.1.90替换成你的机器名或者IP，不能是127.0.0.1

kubeadm version

sudo kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.28.2 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --v=5 --control-plane-endpoint=1.1.1.90

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube

sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config

sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

kubectl cluster-info

kubectl get nodes

此时状态是NotReady

curl -L https://projectcalico.docs.tigera.io/manifests/calico.yaml -O
kubectl apply -f calico.yaml

kubectl get pods -n kube-system

至此安装尚未完成，有几个pod处于pending的情况，需要执行如下命令。

kubectl taint nodes --all node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane-

执行好，再运行kubectl get pods -n kube-system，有几个pod会处于ContainerCreating的状态

容器下载好会全部Running

Step 7 Test Kubernetes Installation

kubectl create deployment nginx-app --image=nginx --replicas=2

kubectl get deployment nginx-app

kubectl expose deployment nginx-app --type=NodePort --port=80

kubectl get svc nginx-app

kubectl describe svc nginx-app

curl http://127.0.0.1:31246

注意：从kubectl describe svc nginx-app返回的信息里找到NodePort替换掉31246

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