MySQL 5.7安装最佳实践
1、环境准备 OS: CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core) for VMware MySQL: mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
2、安装包准备，依赖检查 建议从官方下载，下载地址为：https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
也可以在linux系统中用wget命令下载： [root@localhost ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# md5sum mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/mysql [root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /opt/mysql/ [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local [root@localhost local]# ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql [root@localhost local]# ldd mysql/bin/mysqld linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007ffc633bd000) libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007ff8b795d000) libaio.so.1 => /lib64/libaio.so.1 (0x00007ff8b775b000) libnuma.so.1 => /lib64/libnuma.so.1 (0x00007ff8b754e000) libcrypt.so.1 => /lib64/libcrypt.so.1 (0x00007ff8b7317000) libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007ff8b7113000) librt.so.1 => /lib64/librt.so.1 (0x00007ff8b6f0a000) libstdc++.so.6 => /lib64/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007ff8b6c02000) libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007ff8b6900000) libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib64/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007ff8b66e9000) libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007ff8b6326000) /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x0000562f8aace000) libfreebl3.so => /lib64/libfreebl3.so (0x00007ff8b6123000) 说明：在 ldd 命令打印的结果中，“=>”左边的表示该程序需要连接的共享库之 so 名称，右边表示由 Linux 的共享库系统找到的对应的共享库在文件系统中的具体位置，“=>”右边有值就可以了。
3、建立用户，目录规划，my.cnf文件配置 [root@localhost local]# groupadd mysql [root@localhost local]# useradd -g mysql -d /usr/local/mysql -s /sbin/nologin -MN mysql [root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql [root@localhost local]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/mysql3306/{data,tmp,logs} [root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/ [root@localhost local]# vim /etc/my.cnf [client] port = 3306
[mysql] auto-rehash prompt="\\u@\\h [\\d]>" #pager="less -i -n -S" #tee=/opt/mysql/query.log
[mysqld] ####: for global user =mysql # mysql basedir =/usr/local/mysql/ # /usr/local/mysql/ datadir =/data/mysql/mysql3306/data # /usr/local/mysql/data server_id =1293306 # 0 port =3306 # 3306 character_set_server =utf8 # latin1 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp =off # off log_timestamps =system default_time_zone ='+8:00' # utc socket =/tmp/mysql3306.sock # /tmp/mysql.sock read_only = 1 # off super_read_only = 1 skip_name_resolve =off # 0 auto_increment_increment =1 # 1 auto_increment_offset =1 # 1 lower_case_table_names =1 # 0 secure_file_priv = /tmp/ # null open_files_limit =65536 # 1024 max_connections =1000 # 151 thread_cache_size =64 # 9 table_open_cache =81920 # 2000 table_definition_cache =4096 # 1400 table_open_cache_instances =64 # 16 max_prepared_stmt_count =1048576 #
####: for binlog binlog_format =row # row log_bin =/data/mysql/mysql3306/logs/mysql-bin # off binlog_rows_query_log_events =on # off log_slave_updates =on # off expire_logs_days =7 # 0 binlog_cache_size =65536 # 65536(64k) #binlog_checksum =none # CRC32 sync_binlog =1 # 1 slave-preserve-commit-order =ON #
####: for error-log log_error =error.log # /usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err
general_log =off # off general_log_file =general.log # hostname.log
####: for slow query log slow_query_log =on # off slow_query_log_file =slow.log # hostname.log #log_queries_not_using_indexes =on # off long_query_time =1.000000 # 10.000000
####: for gtid #gtid_executed_compression_period =1000 # 1000 gtid_mode =on # off enforce_gtid_consistency =on # off
####: for replication skip_slave_start =1 #
#master_info_repository =table # file #relay_log_info_repository =table # file slave_parallel_type =logical_clock # database | LOGICAL_CLOCK slave_parallel_workers =4 # 0 #rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled =1 # 0 #rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled =1 # 0 #rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout =1000 # 1000(1 second) #plugin_load_add =semisync_master.so # #plugin_load_add =semisync_slave.so # binlog_group_commit_sync_delay =100 # 500(0.05%秒)、默认值0 binlog_group_commit_sync_no_delay_count = 10 # 0
####: for innodb innodb_data_file_path =ibdata1:100M:autoextend # ibdata1:12M:autoextend innodb_temp_data_file_path =ibtmp1:12M:autoextend # ibtmp1:12M:autoextend innodb_buffer_pool_filename =ib_buffer_pool # ib_buffer_pool innodb_log_group_home_dir =./ # ./ innodb_log_files_in_group =3 # 2 innodb_log_file_size =100M # 50331648(48M) innodb_file_per_table =on # on innodb_online_alter_log_max_size =128M # 134217728(128M) innodb_open_files =65535 # 2000 innodb_page_size =16k # 16384(16k) innodb_thread_concurrency =0 # 0 innodb_read_io_threads =4 # 4 innodb_write_io_threads =4 # 4 innodb_purge_threads =4 # 4(垃圾回收) innodb_page_cleaners =4 # 4(刷新lru脏页) innodb_print_all_deadlocks =on # off innodb_deadlock_detect =on # on innodb_lock_wait_timeout =20 # 50 innodb_spin_wait_delay =128 # 6 innodb_autoinc_lock_mode =2 # 1 innodb_io_capacity =200 # 200 innodb_io_capacity_max =2000 # 2000 #--------Persistent Optimizer Statistics innodb_stats_auto_recalc =on # on innodb_stats_persistent =on # on innodb_stats_persistent_sample_pages =20 # 20
innodb_change_buffer_max_size =25 # 25 innodb_flush_neighbors =1 # 1 #innodb_flush_method = # innodb_doublewrite =on # on innodb_log_buffer_size =128M # 16777216(16M) innodb_flush_log_at_timeout =1 # 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit =1 # 1 innodb_buffer_pool_size =100M # 134217728(128M) innodb_buffer_pool_instances =4 #--------innodb scan resistant innodb_old_blocks_pct =37 # 37 innodb_old_blocks_time =1000 # 1000 #--------innodb read ahead innodb_read_ahead_threshold =56 # 56 (0..64) innodb_random_read_ahead =OFF # OFF #--------innodb buffer pool state innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct =25 # 25 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown =ON # ON innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup =ON # ON innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
4、初始化安装，error日志查看 [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize [root@localhost ~]# more /data/mysql/mysql3306/data/error.log 没有error就表示初始化完成了。
5、启动，error日志查看 [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf & [root@localhost ~]# more /data/mysql/mysql3306/data/error.log 没有error就表示初始化完成了。
6、配置环境变量，root密码修改，配置远程连接权限 [root@localhost ~]# echo export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin >>/etc/profile [root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile [root@localhost ~]# more /data/mysql/mysql3306/data/error.log |grep password 2018-12-28T09:56:30.709446+08:00 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: K:5+d=MqRqlc root用户的临时密码为：K:5+d=MqRqlc
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock -p Enter password: 【这里输入上面的临时密码】 (unknown)@localhost [(none)]>set global super_read_only=0; set global read_only=0; (unknown)@localhost [(none)]>alter user user() identified by 'root'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
root@localhost [(none)]> 配置远程连接权限 略