单例模式的实现方式汇总

public class HungryStaticSingleton {
    //先静态后动态
    //先上，后下
    //先属性后方法
    private static final HungryStaticSingleton hungrySingleton;

    //装个B
    static {
        hungrySingleton = new HungryStaticSingleton();
    }

    private HungryStaticSingleton(){}

    public static HungryStaticSingleton getInstance(){
        return  hungrySingleton;
    }
}

/**
 * 优点：节省了内存,线程安全
 * 缺点：性能低
 */
public class LazySimpleSingletion {
    private static LazySimpleSingletion instance;
    private LazySimpleSingletion(){}

    public synchronized static LazySimpleSingletion getInstance(){
        if(instance == null){
            instance = new LazySimpleSingletion();
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

/**
 * 优点:性能高了，线程安全了
 * 缺点：可读性难度加大，不够优雅
 */
public class LazyDoubleCheckSingleton {
    private volatile static LazyDoubleCheckSingleton instance;
    private LazyDoubleCheckSingleton(){}

    public static LazyDoubleCheckSingleton getInstance(){
        //检查是否要阻塞
        if (instance == null) {
            synchronized (LazyDoubleCheckSingleton.class) {
                //检查是否要重新创建实例
                if (instance == null) {
                    instance = new LazyDoubleCheckSingleton();
                    //指令重排序的问题
                }
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

/**
  ClassPath : LazyStaticInnerClassSingleton.class
              LazyStaticInnerClassSingleton$LazyHolder.class
   优点：写法优雅，利用了Java本身语法特点，性能高，避免了内存浪费,不能被反射破坏
   缺点：不优雅
 */
public class LazyStaticInnerClassSingleton {

    private LazyStaticInnerClassSingleton(){
        if(LazyHolder.INSTANCE != null){
            throw new RuntimeException("不允许非法访问");
        }
    }

    private static LazyStaticInnerClassSingleton getInstance(){
        return LazyHolder.INSTANCE;
    }

    private static class LazyHolder{
        private static final LazyStaticInnerClassSingleton INSTANCE = new LazyStaticInnerClassSingleton();
    }

}

/**
 * Created by Tom.
 * 容器注册式单例
 */
public class ContainerSingleton {

    private ContainerSingleton(){}

    private static Map<String,Object> ioc = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object>();

    public static Object getInstance(String className){
        Object instance = null;
        if(!ioc.containsKey(className)){
            try {
                instance = Class.forName(className).newInstance();
                ioc.put(className, instance);
            }catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return instance;
        }else{
            return ioc.get(className);
        }
    }

}

/**
 * Created by Tom.
 * 枚举式单例，最优雅的单例
 */
public enum EnumSingleton {
    INSTANCE;

    private Object data;

    public Object getData() {
        return data;
    }

    public void setData(Object data) {
        this.data = data;
    }

    public static EnumSingleton getInstance(){return INSTANCE;}
}

public class SeriableSingleton implements Serializable {
    //序列化
    //把内存中对象的状态转换为字节码的形式
    //把字节码通过IO输出流，写到磁盘上
    //永久保存下来，持久化

    //反序列化
    //将持久化的字节码内容，通过IO输入流读到内存中来
    //转化成一个Java对象

    public  final static SeriableSingleton INSTANCE = new SeriableSingleton();
    private SeriableSingleton(){}

    public static SeriableSingleton getInstance(){
        return INSTANCE;
    }

    private Object readResolve(){ return INSTANCE;}

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SeriableSingleton s1 = null;
        SeriableSingleton s2 = SeriableSingleton.getInstance();

        FileOutputStream fos = null;
        try {

            fos = new FileOutputStream("SeriableSingleton.obj");
            ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
            oos.writeObject(s2);
            oos.flush();
            oos.close();

            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("SeriableSingleton.obj");
            ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis);
            s1 = (SeriableSingleton)ois.readObject();
            ois.close();

            System.out.println(s1);
            System.out.println(s2);
            System.out.println(s1 == s2);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

public class ThreadLocalSingleton {
    private static final ThreadLocal<ThreadLocalSingleton> threadLocaLInstance =
            new ThreadLocal<ThreadLocalSingleton>(){
                @Override
                protected ThreadLocalSingleton initialValue() {
                    return new ThreadLocalSingleton();
                }
            };

    private ThreadLocalSingleton(){}

    public static ThreadLocalSingleton getInstance(){
        return threadLocaLInstance.get();
    }
}