Ubuntu根分区使用Lvm扩容

# 对已经使用但是没有完全使用的分区进行lvm扩容。
# 比如，有vda,总容量为500G，但是只有两个分区:vda1和vda2且只用了10G。
# 因此可以使用下面的命令进行操作新建分区。
# 对于一块完整的未使用的硬盘，参考原来写的。

[root@host-13-13-13-4 ~]# fdisk /dev/vda

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It is strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 416101 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000b404e

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *           3        1018      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/vda2            1018       20806     9972736   8e  Linux LVM
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 3
First cylinder (1-416101, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2, default 2):
Using default value 2

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Selected partition 4
First cylinder (20806-416101, default 20806):
Using default value 20806
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (20806-416101, default 416101):
Using default value 416101

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 416101 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000b404e

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *           3        1018      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/vda2            1018       20806     9972736   8e  Linux LVM
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/vda3               1           2         976+  83  Linux
/dev/vda4           20806      416101   199229144   83  Linux

Partition table entries are not in disk order

Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-4): 3
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 3 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-4): 4
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 4 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 设备或资源忙.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
[root@host-13-13-13-4 ~]# reboot

fdisk /dev/sde
# 新建分区完成后，需要重读分区表。
# 如果重读分区表命令不可行，可以reboot重启系统。
partprobe
fdisk  /dev/sde
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sde1
pvcreate /dev/sde1
vgdisplay
df -hl
vgextend  ubuntu-vg /dev/sde1
lvdisplay
lvextend -L 37G /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root
resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root

xfs_growfs $LVM_ROOT

# 然后使用下面的命令扩展根文件系统
mkfs.ext4 /dev/vda4
pvcreate /dev/vda4
VG_NAME=`vgdisplay| grep "VG Name" | awk '{print $3}'`
vgextend $VG_NAME /dev/vda4
#LVM_ROOT=`df -hl | grep "/dev/mapper" | awk '{print $1}' | cut -d "/" -f4`
LVM_ROOT=`df -hl | grep "/dev/mapper" | awk '{print $1}'`
lvextend -L 190G $LVM_ROOT
#resize2fs /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
resize2fs $LVM_ROOT