微服务网关鉴权：gateway使用、网关限流使用、用户密码加密、JWT鉴权

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class GatewayApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(GatewayApplication.class, args);
    }
}

spring:
  application:
    name: sysgateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: goods
        uri: lb://goods
        predicates:
        - Path=/goods/**
        filters:
        - StripPrefix= 1
      - id: system
        uri: lb://system
        predicates:
        - Path=/system/**
        filters:
        - StripPrefix= 1
server:
  port: 9101
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:6868/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

globalcors:
  cors-configurations:
    '[/**]': # 匹配所有请求
      allowedOrigins: "*" #跨域处理 允许所有的域
      allowedMethods: # 支持的方法
      - GET
      - POST
      - PUT
      - DELETE

spring:
  application:
    name: sysgateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      globalcors:
        cors-configurations:
          '[/**]': # 匹配所有请求
            allowedOrigins: "*" #跨域处理 允许所有的域
            allowedMethods: # 支持的方法
            - GET
            - POST
            - PUT
            - DELETE
      routes:
      - id: goods
        uri: lb://goods
        predicates:
        - Path=/goods/**
        filters:
        - StripPrefix= 1
server:
  port: 9101
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:6868/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

@Component
public class IpFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {

        System.out.println("经过第1个过滤器IpFilter");
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        InetSocketAddress remoteAddress = request.getRemoteAddress();
        System.out.println("ip:"+remoteAddress.getHostName());
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 1;
    }
}

@Component
public class UrlFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        System.out.println("经过第2个过滤器UrlFilter");
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        String url = request.getURI().getPath();
        System.out.println("url:"+url);
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 2;
    }
}

<!--redis-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis-reactive</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

//定义一个KeyResolver
@Bean
public KeyResolver ipKeyResolver() {
    return new KeyResolver() {
        @Override
        public Mono<String> resolve(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
            return Mono.just(exchange.getRequest().getRemoteAddress().getHostName());
        }
    };
}

spring:
  application:
    name: sysgateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      globalcors:
        cors-configurations:
          '[/**]': # 匹配所有请求
            allowedOrigins: "*" #跨域处理 允许所有的域
            allowedMethods: # 支持的方法
            - GET
            - POST
            - PUT
            - DELETE
      routes:
      - id: goods
        uri: lb://goods
        predicates:
        - Path=/goods/**
        filters:
        - StripPrefix= 1
        - name: RequestRateLimiter #请求数限流 名字不能随便写 
          args:
            key-resolver: "#{@ipKeyResolver}"
            redis-rate-limiter.replenishRate: 1
            redis-rate-limiter.burstCapacity: 1
      - id: system
        uri: lb://system
        predicates:
        - Path=/system/**
        filters:
        - StripPrefix= 1
  # 配置Redis 127.0.0.1可以省略配置
  redis:
    host: 192.168.200.128
    port: 6379
server:
  port: 9101
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:6868/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

String gensalt = BCrypt.gensalt();//这个是盐  29个字符，随机生成
System.out.println(gensalt);
String password = BCrypt.hashpw("123456", gensalt);  //根据盐对密码进行加密
System.out.println(password);//加密后的字符串前29位就是盐

boolean checkpw = BCrypt.checkpw("123456",     "$2a$10$61ogZY7EXsMDWeVGQpDq3OBF1.phaUu7.xrwLyWFTOu8woE08zMIW");
System.out.println(checkpw);

/**
 * 增加
 * @param admin
 */
@Override
public void add(Admin admin){
    String password = BCrypt.hashpw(admin.getPassword(), BCrypt.gensalt());
    admin.setPassword(password);   
    adminMapper.insert(admin);
}

/**
 * 登录验证密码
 * @param admin
 * @return
 */
boolean login(Admin admin);

@Override
public boolean login(Admin admin) {
    //根据登录名查询管理员
    Admin admin1=new Admin();
    admin1.setLoginName(admin.getLoginName());
    admin1.setStatus("1");
    Admin admin2 = adminMapper.selectOne(admin1);//数据库查询出的对象
    if(admin2==null){
        return false;
    }else{
        //验证密码, Bcrypt为spring的包, 第一个参数为明文密码, 第二个参数为密文密码
        return BCrypt.checkpw(admin.getPassword(),admin2.getPassword());
    }
}

/**
 * 登录
 * @param admin
 * @return
 */
@PostMapping("/login")
public Result login(@RequestBody Admin admin){
    boolean login = adminService.login(admin);
    if(login){
        return new Result();
    }else{
        return new Result(false,StatusCode.LOGINERROR,"用户名或密码错误");
    }
}

{"typ":"JWT","alg":"HS256"}

eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9

{"sub":"1234567890","name":"John Doe","admin":true}

eyJzdWIiOiIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIiwibmFtZSI6IkpvaG4gRG9lIiwiYWRtaW4iOnRydWV9

TJVA95OrM7E2cBab30RMHrHDcEfxjoYZgeFONFh7HgQ

eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJzdWIiOiIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIiwibmFtZSI6IkpvaG4gRG9lIiwiYWRtaW4iOnRydWV9.TJVA95OrM7E2cBab30RMHrHDcEfxjoYZgeFONFh7HgQ

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
    <version>0.9.0</version>
</dependency>

JwtBuilder builder= Jwts.builder()
        .setId("888")   //设置唯一编号
        .setSubject("小白")//设置主题  可以是JSON数据
        .setIssuedAt(new Date())//设置签发日期
        .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS256,"itcast");//设置签名 使用HS256算法，并设置SecretKey(字符串)
//构建 并返回一个字符串 
System.out.println( builder.compact() );

eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiI4ODgiLCJzdWIiOiLlsI_nmb0iLCJpYXQiOjE1NTc5MDQxODF9.ThecMfgYjtoys3JX7dpx3hu6pUm0piZ0tXXreFU_u3Y

String compactJwt="eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiI4ODgiLCJzdWIiOiLlsI_nmb0iLCJpYXQiOjE1NTc5MDQxODF9.ThecMfgYjtoys3JX7dpx3hu6pUm0piZ0tXXreFU_u3Y";
Claims claims = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey("itcast").parseClaimsJws(compactJwt).getBody();
System.out.println(claims);

{jti=888, sub=小白, iat=1557904181}

//当前时间
long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
Date date = new Date(currentTimeMillis);
JwtBuilder builder= Jwts.builder()
        .setId("888")   //设置唯一编号
        .setSubject("小白")//设置主题  可以是JSON数据
        .setIssuedAt(new Date())//设置签发日期
        .setExpiration(date)
        .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS256,"itcast");//设置签名 使用HS256算法，并设置SecretKey(字符串)
//构建 并返回一个字符串
System.out.println( builder.compact() );

  .setExpiration(date)//用于设置过期时间 ，参数为Date类型数据

eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiI4ODgiLCJzdWIiOiLlsI_nmb0iLCJpYXQiOjE1NTc5MDUzMDgsImV4cCI6MTU1NzkwNTMwOH0.4q5AaTyBRf8SB9B3Tl-I53PrILGyicJC3fgR3gWbvUI

String compactJwt="eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiI4ODgiLCJzdWIiOiLlsI_nmb0iLCJpYXQiOjE1NTc5MDUzMDgsImV4cCI6MTU1NzkwNTMwOH0.4q5AaTyBRf8SB9B3Tl-I53PrILGyicJC3fgR3gWbvUI";
Claims claims = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey("itcast").parseClaimsJws(compactJwt).getBody();
System.out.println(claims);

@Test
public void createJWT(){
    //当前时间
    long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
    currentTimeMillis+=1000000L;
    Date date = new Date(currentTimeMillis);
    JwtBuilder builder= Jwts.builder()
            .setId("888")   //设置唯一编号
            .setSubject("小白")//设置主题  可以是JSON数据
            .setIssuedAt(new Date())//设置签发日期
            .setExpiration(date)//设置过期时间
            .claim("roles","admin")//设置角色
            .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS256,"itcast");//设置签名 使用HS256算法，并设置SecretKey(字符串)
    //构建 并返回一个字符串
    System.out.println( builder.compact() );
}

eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiI4ODgiLCJzdWIiOiLlsI_nmb0iLCJpYXQiOjE1NTc5MDU4MDIsImV4cCI6MTU1NzkwNjgwMiwicm9sZXMiOiJhZG1pbiJ9.AS5Y2fNCwUzQQxXh_QQWMpaB75YqfuK-2P7VZiCXEJI

//解析
@Test
public void parseJWT(){
    String compactJwt="eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiI4ODgiLCJzdWIiOiLlsI_nmb0iLCJpYXQiOjE1NTc5MDU4MDIsImV4cCI6MTU1NzkwNjgwMiwicm9sZXMiOiJhZG1pbiJ9.AS5Y2fNCwUzQQxXh_QQWMpaB75YqfuK-2P7VZiCXEJI";
    Claims claims = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey("itcast").parseClaimsJws(compactJwt).getBody();
    System.out.println(claims);
}

package com.changgou.system.util;
import io.jsonwebtoken.JwtBuilder;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.Date;
/**
 * JWT工具类
 */
public class JwtUtil {

    //有效期为
    public static final Long JWT_TTL = 3600000L;// 60 * 60 *1000  一个小时
 //设置秘钥明文
    public static final String JWT_KEY = "itcast";

    /**
     * 创建token
     * @param id
     * @param subject
     * @param ttlMillis
     * @return
     */
    public static String createJWT(String id, String subject, Long ttlMillis) {

        SignatureAlgorithm signatureAlgorithm = SignatureAlgorithm.HS256;
        long nowMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
        Date now = new Date(nowMillis);
        if(ttlMillis==null){
            ttlMillis=JwtUtil.JWT_TTL;
        }
        long expMillis = nowMillis + ttlMillis;
        Date expDate = new Date(expMillis);
        SecretKey secretKey = generalKey();

        JwtBuilder builder = Jwts.builder()
                .setId(id)              //唯一的ID
                .setSubject(subject)   // 主题  可以是JSON数据
                .setIssuer("admin")     // 签发者
                .setIssuedAt(now)      // 签发时间
                .signWith(signatureAlgorithm, secretKey) //使用HS256对称加密算法签名, 第二个参数为秘钥
                .setExpiration(expDate);// 设置过期时间
        return builder.compact();
    }

    /**
     * 生成加密后的秘钥 secretKey
     * @return
     */
    public static SecretKey generalKey() {
        byte[] encodedKey = Base64.getDecoder().decode(JwtUtil.JWT_KEY);
        SecretKey key = new SecretKeySpec(encodedKey, 0, encodedKey.length, "AES");
        return key;
    }
}

/**
 * 登录
 * @param admin
 * @return
 */
@PostMapping("/login")
public Result login(@RequestBody Admin admin){
    boolean login = adminService.login(admin);
    if(login){  //如果验证成功
        Map<String,String> info = new HashMap<>();
        info.put("username",admin.getLoginName());
        String token = JwtUtil.createJWT(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), admin.getLoginName(), null);
        info.put("token",token);
        return new Result(true, StatusCode.OK,"登录成功",info);
    }else{
        return new Result(false,StatusCode.LOGINERROR,"用户名或密码错误");
    }
}

<!--鉴权-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
    <version>0.9.0</version>
</dependency>

package com.changgou.gateway.util;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;

/**
 * jwt校验工具类
 */
public class JwtUtil {

    //有效期为
    public static final Long JWT_TTL = 3600000L;// 60 * 60 *1000  一个小时
 //设置秘钥明文
    public static final String JWT_KEY = "itcast";

    /**
     * 生成加密后的秘钥 secretKey
     *
     * @return
     */
    public static SecretKey generalKey() {
        byte[] encodedKey = Base64.getDecoder().decode(JwtUtil.JWT_KEY);
        SecretKey key = new SecretKeySpec(encodedKey, 0, encodedKey.length, "AES");
        return key;
    }

    /**
     * 解析
     *
     * @param jwt
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static Claims parseJWT(String jwt) throws Exception {
        SecretKey secretKey = generalKey();
        return Jwts.parser()
                .setSigningKey(secretKey)
                .parseClaimsJws(jwt)
                .getBody();
    }
}

/**
 * 鉴权过滤器 验证token
 */
@Component
public class AuthorizeFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
    private static final String AUTHORIZE_TOKEN = "token";

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
  //1. 获取请求
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        //2. 则获取响应
        ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
        //3. 如果是登录请求则放行
        if (request.getURI().getPath().contains("/admin/login")) {
            return chain.filter(exchange);
        }
        //4. 获取请求头
        HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders();
        //5. 请求头中获取令牌
        String token = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN);

        //6. 判断请求头中是否有令牌
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token)) {
            //7. 响应中放入返回的状态吗, 没有权限访问
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            //8. 返回
            return response.setComplete();
        }

        //9. 如果请求头中有令牌则解析令牌
        try {
            JwtUtil.parseJWT(token);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            //10. 解析jwt令牌出错, 说明令牌过期或者伪造等不合法情况出现
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            //11. 返回
            return response.setComplete();
        }
        //12. 放行
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 0;
    }
}