Python: 屏幕取色器（识别屏幕上不同位置的颜色）

# Python实现屏幕取色器功能
# adapted form https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/S_FNIqtqdvlEgplM7UuvNg

import os
import pandas as pd
from time import sleep
from PIL import ImageGrab, Image

import uuid
import pyperclip

import tkinter
import tkinter.messagebox

def get_color_name(r, g, b, csv_df):
    # 基于给定的R,G,B和颜色表，匹配与所取点RGB数值最接近的颜色。
    
    min_diff = 10000
    color = ["" for i in range(6)]

    for i in range(len(csv_df)):
        d = abs(r - int(csv_df.loc[i, "R"])) + abs(g - int(csv_df.loc[i, "G"]))+ abs(b - int(csv_df.loc[i, "B"]))
        
        if d <= min_diff:
            min_diff = d
            color[0] = csv_df.loc[i,"color_name"]
            color[1] = csv_df.loc[i,"color_Chi"]
            color[2] = str(int(csv_df.loc[i, "R"]))
            color[3] = str(int(csv_df.loc[i, "G"]))
            color[4] = str(int(csv_df.loc[i, "B"]))
            color[5] = csv_df.loc[i, "hex"]
            
    return color

class MyCapture(object):
    # 处理全屏截图

    def __init__(self, png,root,csv_df):

        # 获取屏幕尺寸
        screenWidth = root.winfo_screenwidth()
        screenHeight = root.winfo_screenheight()

        # 创建顶级组件容器，与屏幕尺寸一样大
        self.top = tkinter.Toplevel(root, width=screenWidth, height=screenHeight)

        # 不显示最大化、最小化按钮
        self.top.overrideredirect(True)
        
        # create a new PhotoImage object
        self.image = tkinter.PhotoImage(file=png)

        # 创建画布
        self.canvas = tkinter.Canvas(self.top,bg='white', width=screenWidth, height=screenHeight)

        # 显示全屏截图
        self.canvas.create_image(screenWidth//2, screenHeight//2, anchor = tkinter.CENTER, image=self.image)

        # 获取鼠标左键抬起的位置，取色
        def onLeftButtonUp(event):

            im = Image.open(png)
            
            # retrieves the red, green, blue (RGB) color value of the pixel at the specified coordinates
            color = im.getpixel((event.x, event.y))
            
            temp = [str(item) for item in color]
            RGB = "取点的RGB数值：" + ", ".join(temp) + "\n\n"
            
            R,G,B = color
            
            color = get_color_name(R,G,B,csv_df)
            
            color_RGB = "RGB数值：" + ", ".join(color[2:5]) + "\n"
            color_hex = "十六进制值：" + color[5] + "\n"
            color_Eng = "英文名称：" + color[0] + "\n"
            color_Chi = "中文名称：" + color[1] + "\n\n"
            
            msg = "中文名称已复制到剪切板！"
            
            tkinter.messagebox.showinfo('结果展示', RGB + color_RGB + color_hex + color_Eng + color_Chi + msg)
            
            pyperclip.copy(color[1])

            # 关闭Toplevel窗口对象
            self.top.destroy()

        self.canvas.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', onLeftButtonUp)
        self.canvas.pack(fill=tkinter.BOTH, expand=True)


def buttonCaptureClick(root,buttonCapture,csv_df):
    # 截图

    # 最小化主窗口
    root.state('icon')

    sleep(0.2)
    
    # 获取临时文件名        
    filename = uuid.uuid4().hex + ".png"
    
    # 拍摄屏幕全屏，Windows上以RGB图像的形式返回。
    im = ImageGrab.grab()
    
    im.save(filename)
    im.close()

    # 显示全屏幕截图
    w = MyCapture(filename,root,csv_df)
    
    # wait_window seems to not return until the given widget passed as parameter is not destroyed.
    buttonCapture.wait_window(w.top)

    # 截图结束，恢复主窗口，并删除临时的全屏幕截图文件
    root.state('normal')
    os.remove(filename)

def main():
    
    # 获取颜色数据表
    index = ["color", "color_name","hex", "color_Chi","R", "G", "B"]
    csv_df = pd.read_csv('colors.csv', names=index, header=None, encoding='chinese')
    
    # 窗口
    root = tkinter.Tk()
    root.title("颜色识别器v2")
    
    # 窗口宽250，高60; 左上角坐标：（400，300）
    root.geometry('250x60+400+300')
    
    #不可更改窗口大小
    # root.resizable(False, False)
    
    buttonCapture = tkinter.Button(root, text='取色',width=6,command=lambda:buttonCaptureClick(root,buttonCapture,csv_df))
    buttonExit = tkinter.Button(root, text='退出',width=6,command=root.destroy)
    
    buttonCapture.grid(row=0,column=0,padx = 40,pady =10)
    buttonExit.grid(row=0,column=1,padx = 40,pady =10)

    #启动消息主循环
    root.mainloop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()