python打开网页链接_怎么用python打开浏览器

全栈程序员站长

发布于 2022-09-21 08:21:35

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发布于 2022-09-21 08:21:35

文章被收录于专栏：全栈程序员必看

大家好，又见面了，我是你们的朋友全栈君。

以下为一个最简单的HTTP服务器，在浏览器中输入地址后，就能够访问到通目录下的HTML文件，实现效果：

import socket

""" TCP 的服务端 1，socket 创建socket 2.bind 绑定IP和端口 3.listen 处于监听状态 4.accept 接进来客户端的连接 5.recv/send 接受或者发送信息 6.close 关闭 """

def tcp_creat_socket():
    tcp_ser = socket.socket(family=socket.AF_INET, type=socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    return tcp_ser

def tcp_bind_listern_info(tcp_socket):
    SER_IP = "127.0.0.1"
    # SER_PORT = int(input("服务器绑定的端口:"))
    SER_PORT = 7080
    SER_INFO = (SER_IP, SER_PORT)
    tcp_socket.bind(SER_INFO)

    LISTEN_NUM = 10
    tcp_socket.listen(LISTEN_NUM)
    return SER_INFO

def tcp_accept(tcp_socket,ser_info):
    # accept 1默认会阻塞，2并返回一个新的套接字用于和接进来的客户端进行数据传输，3并记录客户端的信息,为用户进行服务
    print("服务器的IP：%s,端口:%d,正在等待新的客户端的到来" % (ser_info[0], ser_info[1]))
    tcp_ser_new_socket, client_addr = tcp_socket.accept()
    print("客户端已经到来,信息如下:%s" % str(client_addr))
    return tcp_ser_new_socket

def tcp_recv_message(tcp_socket):
    # recv 返回值为空时，则客户端调用了close
    tcp_ser_recv_info = tcp_socket.recv(1024)
    if "exit" == tcp_ser_recv_info or None == tcp_ser_recv_info:
        print("recv_info error")
    # GET / HTTP/1.1
    # Host: www.baidu.com
    # Connection: keep-alive
    # sec-ch-ua: "Chromium";v="92", " Not A;Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="92"
    # sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
    print(">"*120)
    print("服务端接收:%s" % tcp_ser_recv_info.decode("utf-8"))

def tcp_send_message(tcp_socket):
    # send_info = str(input("输入服务端发送的信息:"))

    header = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"  # 相应头部
    respone = "\r\n"  # 空行

    http_headr = header + respone

    f = open("./pass.html", "rb")  # 二进制文件
    html_file = f.read()
    f.close()

    http_body = html_file
    tcp_socket.send(http_headr.encode("utf-8"))
    tcp_socket.send(http_body)

    tcp_socket.close()

def tcp_close(tcp_socket):
    tcp_socket.close()


def CC_server():
    # 创建
    tcp_ser =tcp_creat_socket()

    # bind and listen
    ser_info = tcp_bind_listern_info(tcp_socket=tcp_ser)

    while True:  # 循环为多个客户端服务，一直处于监听状态
        new_socket = tcp_accept(tcp_socket=tcp_ser, ser_info=ser_info)

        while True:  # 循环为同一个用户服务多次
            # recv 返回值为空时，则客户端调用了close
            tcp_recv_message(tcp_socket=new_socket)

            # send
            tcp_send_message(tcp_socket=new_socket)
            break

        # close 关闭发送数据的客户端的连接
        tcp_close(tcp_socket=new_socket)

    # close
    tcp_close(tcp_socket=tcp_ser)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    CC_server()

``
效果如下：
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/37d77e5eda3f4ce885d3720339e305c3.png#pic_center)

后面部分是扩展部分，能够实现从HTTP服务器的指定网页信息，在浏览器中需要加入需要获取的网页的名称

```python
import socket
import re

""" TCP 的服务端 1，socket 创建socket 2.bind 绑定IP和端口 3.listen 处于监听状态 4.accept 接进来客户端的连接 5.recv/send 接受或者发送信息 6.close 关闭 """

def tcp_creat_socket():
    tcp_ser = socket.socket(family=socket.AF_INET, type=socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    return tcp_ser

def tcp_bind_listern_info(tcp_socket):
    SER_IP = "127.0.0.1"
    # SER_PORT = int(input("服务器绑定的端口:"))
    SER_PORT = 7080
    SER_INFO = (SER_IP, SER_PORT)
    tcp_socket.bind(SER_INFO)

    LISTEN_NUM = 10
    tcp_socket.listen(LISTEN_NUM)
    return SER_INFO

def tcp_accept(tcp_socket,ser_info):
    # accept 1默认会阻塞，2并返回一个新的套接字用于和接进来的客户端进行数据传输，3并记录客户端的信息,为用户进行服务
    print("服务器的IP：%s,端口:%d,正在等待新的客户端的到来" % (ser_info[0], ser_info[1]))
    tcp_ser_new_socket, client_addr = tcp_socket.accept()
    print("客户端已经到来,信息如下:%s" % str(client_addr))
    return tcp_ser_new_socket

def tcp_recv_message(tcp_socket):
    # recv 返回值为空时，则客户端调用了close
    tcp_ser_recv_info = tcp_socket.recv(1024)
    if "exit" == tcp_ser_recv_info or None == tcp_ser_recv_info:
        print("recv_info error")

    # GET / HTTP/1.1
    # Host: www.baidu.com
    # Connection: keep-alive
    # sec-ch-ua: "Chromium";v="92", " Not A;Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="92"
    # sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0

    print(">"*120)
    print("服务端接收:%s" % tcp_ser_recv_info.decode("utf-8").splitlines()[0])
    ret = re.match(r"[^/]+(/[^ ]*)", tcp_ser_recv_info.decode("utf-8").splitlines()[0])
    if ret:
        http_page_name = ret.group(1)
        return http_page_name

def tcp_send_message(tcp_socket, page_name):
    # send_info = str(input("输入服务端发送的信息:"))
    if "/" == page_name:
        page_name = "index"  # 默认的页面
    try:
        f = open(f"./{ 
     page_name}.html", "rb")   # 二进制文件
        html_file = f.read()
        f.close()
    except:
        header = "HTTP/1.1 404 NOT FOUND\r\n"  # 相应头部
        respone = "\r\n"  # 空行
        http_headr = header + respone + f"{ 
     page_name} not fount ,please again"
        tcp_socket.send(http_headr.encode("utf-8"))
    else:
        header = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"  # 相应头部
        respone = "\r\n"  # 空行
        http_headr = header + respone

        http_body = html_file
        tcp_socket.send(http_headr.encode("utf-8"))
        tcp_socket.send(http_body)

    tcp_socket.close()

def tcp_close(tcp_socket):
    tcp_socket.close()


def CC_server():
    # 创建
    tcp_ser =tcp_creat_socket()

    # bind and listen
    ser_info = tcp_bind_listern_info(tcp_socket=tcp_ser)

    while True:  # 循环为多个客户端服务，一直处于监听状态
        new_socket = tcp_accept(tcp_socket=tcp_ser, ser_info=ser_info)

        while True:  # 循环为同一个用户服务多次
            # recv 返回值为空时，则客户端调用了close
            page_name = tcp_recv_message(tcp_socket=new_socket)

            # send
            tcp_send_message(tcp_socket=new_socket, page_name=page_name)
            break

        # close 关闭发送数据的客户端的连接
        tcp_close(tcp_socket=new_socket)

    # close
    tcp_close(tcp_socket=tcp_ser)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    CC_server()