ggplot2优雅的给传统气泡图添加新元素

R语言数据分析指南

发布于 2022-09-21 15:16:50

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发布于 2022-09-21 15:16:50

❝本节来介绍如何使用ggplot2来给常见的气泡图添加一点新的元素,下面通过1个案例来进行展示；

加载R包

library(tidyverse)

数据清洗

df %>% read_csv('data.txt') %>%
  mutate(CL = 8 - CL,
         PR = 8 - PR) %>%
  filter(year %in% c(1995,2020)) %>%
  group_by(country) %>%
  mutate(gap_cl = CL - lag(CL),
         gap_pr = PR - lag(PR)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(!is.na(gap_cl), !is.na(gap_pr))

定义文本与刻度条信息

由于需要绘制刻度条并添加文本因此在此我们需要定义两个数据集

seg_size <- 0.01

seg_cl <- tibble(x = seq(0.8,7.2,seg_size),
                  xend = seq(0.8,7.2,seg_size),
                  y = rep(-0.1, 6.4/seg_size +1),
                  yend = rep(-0.4, 6.4/seg_size +1)) %>%
                  mutate(color = x^2)
 
seg_pr <- tibble(x = rep(0-0.1, 6.4/seg_size +1),
                  xend = rep(-0.4, 6.4/seg_size +1),
                  y = seq(0.8,7.2,seg_size),
                  yend = seq(0.8,7.2,seg_size))%>%
                  mutate(color = y^2)

seg <- bind_rows(seg_cl, seg_pr)
 
signs <- tibble(x = c(-0.25, -0.25, 1.25, 6.75),
                 y = c(1.25, 6.75, -0.25, -0.25),
                 text = c("-", "+", "-", "+"))

数据可视化

df %>%
   filter(!is.na(gap_cl)) %>%
   count(CL, PR) %>%
   arrange(n) %>%
   mutate(prod = CL * PR) %>%
   ggplot() +
   scale_color_gradientn(colours = rev(RColorBrewer::brewer.pal(11,"RdBu")))+
   geom_point(aes(CL, PR, size = n, color = prod)) +
   geom_text(aes(CL, PR,label = n), size = 4,fontface = "bold")+
   geom_segment(data = seg, aes(x = x, xend = xend, y = y, yend = yend, color = color))+
   geom_text(data = signs, aes(x = x, y = y, label = text),size = 5, fontface = "bold")+
   annotate("text", x = 4, y = -0.25,
   label = "Civil Liberties", size = 4, fontface = "bold") +
   annotate("text", x = -0.25, y = 4,
   label = "Political Rights",size = 4, fontface = "bold", angle = 90) +
   scale_size(range= c(5, 25)) +
   guides(color = "none", size = "none") +
   theme_void()+
   theme(plot.background = element_rect(fill="Aliceblue",color="Aliceblue"),
   plot.margin = unit(c(0.2,0.5,0.2,0.2),"cm"))