Tkinter制作股票数据抓取小程序，有点秀！

周萝卜

发布于 2022-09-28 10:04:16

6710

发布于 2022-09-28 10:04:16

文章被收录于专栏：萝卜大杂烩萝卜大杂烩

在前面的文章中，我们一起学习了如何通过 Python 抓取东方财富网的实时股票数据，链接如下

用 Python 爬取股票实时数据

今天我们就在这个基础上，实现一个 Tkinter GUI 程序，完成无代码股票抓取！

首先对于 Tkinter 相信大家都是比较了解的，如果有小伙伴对于 Tkinter 的相关用法不是特别熟悉的话，可以看如下文章

Tkinter 入门之旅

首先我们先看一下 GUI 程序的最终效果

该程序共分三个区域：

个股查询：用于查询某只股票的数据，可以查询1天或者多天数据
批量查询：查询某个交易所所有股票的数据
日志区域：打印抓取信息

下面我们就来看看该如何从头完成这个 GUI 程序

程序布局

首先就是程序布局，这里我们使用了 ttkbootstrap 库来美化整体程序

程序初始化部分

import ttkbootstrap as ttk
from ttkbootstrap.constants import *
import tkinter.messagebox as messbox


class MainCreator(ttk.Window):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__("股票抓取工具", themename="solar", resizable=(False, False))
        self.configure_frame = ttk.Frame(self, padding=(10, 10, 5, 10))
        self.configure_frame.pack(side=LEFT, fill=BOTH, expand=YES)
        self.demo_frame = ttk.Frame(self, padding=(5, 10, 10, 10))
        self.demo_frame.pack(side=LEFT, fill=BOTH, expand=YES)

程序布局部分

    def create_frame(self):
        """Create all the frame widgets"""
        container = ttk.Frame(self)
        container.pack(side=LEFT, fill=BOTH, expand=YES, padx=5)

        color_group = ttk.Labelframe(
            master=container, text="个股查询", padding=10
        )
        color_group.pack(fill=X, side=TOP)
        en_command = super().register(self.en_validate)
        self.en0 = ttk.Entry(color_group, width=5, text='', bootstyle='warning',
                             validate='key', validatecommand=(en_command, '%P'))
        self.en0.insert('0', 1)
        self.en0.config(state=DISABLED)
        ...

总体上来说，我们所有的组件都是从 ttk 当中实例化的，也就是直接复用了库 ttkbootstrap 的相关美化功能，使得我们的程序看起来更加高级美观

抓取与保存功能

下面我们编写股票抓取代码和对应的保存代码

股票抓取

def get_A_mins(code):
    if code.startswith("3") or code.startswith("0"):
        url = shang_A_url.replace("%s", code)
    elif code.startswith("6"):
        url = shen_A_url.replace("%s", code)
    else:
        return False

    res = requests.get(url)
    result = res.text.split("cb_1659146437934_51841953")[1].split("(")[1].split(");")[0]
    result_json = json.loads(result)
    stock_data = result_json['data']
    return stock_data


def get_A_days(code):
    if code.startswith("3") or code.startswith("0"):
        url = shang_A_days.replace("%s", code)
    elif code.startswith("6"):
        url = shen_A_days.replace("%s", code)
    else:
        return False

    res = requests.get(url)
    result = res.text.split("cb_1659171393020_15037673")[1].split("(")[1].split(");")[0]
    result_json = json.loads(result)
    stock_data = result_json['data']
    return stock_data


def get_hsj(date):
    total_data = []
    try:
        for i in range(1, 5):
            res = requests.get(hsj_url.replace("%s", str(i)))
            result = res.text.split("jQuery112402508937289440778_1658838703304")[1].split("(")[1].split(");")[0]
            result_json = json.loads(result)
            stock_data = result_json['data']
            if stock_data:
                total_data.append(stock_data)
                saveFunc.save_data_hsj(stock_data['diff'], date)
            else:
                return total_data
        return total_data
    except Exception as e:
        return False


def get_Center():
    total_data = []
    for i in range(1, 20):
        res = requests.get(center_url.replace("%s", str(i)))
        result = res.text.split("jQuery112404177389105264733_1659176039486")[1].split("(")[1].split(");")[0]
        result_json = json.loads(result)
        center_data = result_json['data']
        if center_data:
            total_data.append(center_data)
        else:
            return total_data


def get_shang_A():
    pass


def get_shen_A():
    pass


def get_bei_A():
    pass

股票代码分为上交所，深交所和北交所以及大盘行情数据，所以我们分别编写函数进行处理

数据保存

import os


def save_data_mins(data, date):
    Code = data['code']
    Name = data['name']
    if not os.path.exists(r"stock_data_%s_%s_%s_mins.csv" % (Code, Name, date)):
        with open("stock_data_%s_%s_%s_mins.csv" % (Code, Name, date), "a+", encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write("时间,最新价,成交量（手）,成交额\n")
            for i in data['trends']:
                i_list = i.split(",")
                time = i_list[0]
                price = i_list[2]
                mount = i_list[5]
                count = i_list[6]
                row = '{},{},{},{}'.format(
                    time,price,mount,count)
                f.write(row)
                f.write('\n')
    else:
        ...


def save_data_days(data, days):
    print(days)
    Code = data['code']
    Name = data['name']
    if not os.path.exists(r"stock_data_%s_%s_days.csv" % (Code, Name)):
        with open("stock_data_%s_%s_days.csv" % (Code, Name), "a+", encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write("时间,开盘价,收盘价,最高价,最低价,成交量（手）,成交额,振幅,涨跌幅,涨跌额,换手率\n")
            for i in data["klines"][::-1][:int(days)]:
                i_list = i.split(",")
                time = i_list[0]
                Open = i_list[1]
                close = i_list[2]
                heigh = i_list[3]
                low = i_list[4]
                mount = i_list[5]
                count = i_list[6]
                amplitude = i_list[7]
                changePercent = i_list[8]
                change = i_list[9]
                turnoverRate = i_list[10]
                row = '{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{}'.format(
                    time,Open,close,heigh,low,mount,count,amplitude,changePercent,change,turnoverRate)
                f.write(row)
                f.write('\n')
    else:
        ...


def save_data_hsj(data, date):
    if not os.path.exists(r'stock_data_%s.csv' % date):
        with open("stock_data_%s.csv" % date, "a+", encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write("股票代码,股票名称,最新价,涨跌幅,涨跌额,成交量（手）,成交额,振幅,换手率,市盈率,量比,最高,最低,今开,昨收,市净率\n")
            for i in data:
                Code = i["f12"]
                Name = i["f14"]
                Close = i['f2']
                ChangePercent = i["f3"]
                Change = i['f4']
                Volume = i['f5']
                Amount = i['f6']
                Amplitude = i['f7']
                TurnoverRate = i['f8']
                PERation = i['f9']
                VolumeRate = i['f10']
                Hign = i['f15']
                Low = i['f16']
                Open = i['f17']
                PreviousClose = i['f18']
                PB = i['f22']
                row = '{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{}'.format(
                    Code,Name,Close,ChangePercent,Change,Volume,Amount,Amplitude,
                    TurnoverRate,PERation,VolumeRate,Hign,Low,Open,PreviousClose,PB)
                f.write(row)
                f.write('\n')
    else:
        ...


def save_data_center():
    pass


def save_data_shang_A():
    pass

添加功能

接下来就是为布局好的 GUI 程序添加各种响应功能

个股查询按钮

为个股查询的抓取按钮绑定方法catch

self.bt = ttk.Button(color_group, text='抓取', bootstyle='success', command=self.catch)

方法catch的定义如下

    def catch(self):
        self.txt.yview_moveto(1)
        now = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
        day = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
        if self.cbvar.get() == 1:
            catch_day = self.en0.get()
            if self.en.get():
                code = self.en.get()
                result = catchFunc.get_A_days(code)
                if result:
                    saveFunc.save_data_days(result, catch_day)
                    self.txt.insert(ttk.INSERT, "抓取股票%s成功 %s" % (code, now))
                    self.txt.insert(ttk.INSERT, "\n")
                    self.txt.update()
                    self.txt.yview_moveto(1)
                else:
                    print("股票代码错误")
                    messbox.showerror("股票代码错误", "请输入正确的股票代码！")
            else:
                print("请输入股票代码")
                messbox.showerror("股票代码为空", "请输入股票代码！")
        else:
        ...

批量查询开关

对于批量查询，我们是通过一个多选框开关控制的

self.cb_batch = ttk.Checkbutton(cr_group, text="开启批量", variable=self.cbvar1, command=self.cb_button)

绑定的方法如下

    def cb_button(self):
        if self.cbvar1.get() == 1:
            self.bt_batch.config(state=NORMAL)
        else:
            self.bt_batch.config(state=DISABLED)

以上就是程序的部分代码，让我们看一下整体效果吧

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原始发表：2022-08-08，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除

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