系统硬件信息查看命令一览表

processor       : 0  #核数
vendor_id       : GenuineIntel #供应商
cpu family      : 6  #CPU代数
model           : 60
model name      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E3-1271 v3 @ 3.60GHz
stepping        : 3
microcode       : 0x1c
cpu MHz         : 3591.683
cache size      : 8192 KB
physical id     : 0  #查看 CPU 个数
siblings        : 1  #逻辑核数
core id         : 0  
cpu cores       : 1  #物理核数 
apicid          : 0
initial apicid  : 0
fpu             : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level     : 13
wp              : yes
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm epb fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid xsaveopt dtherm ida arat pln pts
bogomips        : 7183.36
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

MemTotal:        3879924 kB
MemFree:         2085680 kB
MemAvailable:    3015780 kB
Buffers:            2092 kB #表示块设备(block device)所占用的缓存页
#包括：直接读写块设备、以及文件系统元数据(metadata)比如SuperBlock所使用的缓存页；
Cached:           929988 kB #表示普通文件数据所占用的缓存页
SwapCached:            0 kB
Active:           902460 kB
Inactive:         413056 kB
Active(anon):     418064 kB
Inactive(anon):    40408 kB
Active(file):     484396 kB
Inactive(file):   372648 kB
Unevictable:           0 kB
Mlocked:               0 kB
SwapTotal:             0 kB
SwapFree:              0 kB
Dirty:                 4 kB
Writeback:             0 kB
AnonPages:        383472 kB
Mapped:            36184 kB
Shmem:             75036 kB
Slab:             387804 kB
SReclaimable:     362280 kB
SUnreclaim:        25524 kB
KernelStack:        2480 kB
PageTables:        19176 kB
NFS_Unstable:          0 kB
Bounce:                0 kB
WritebackTmp:          0 kB
CommitLimit:     1939960 kB
Committed_AS:     936900 kB
VmallocTotal:   34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed:       13896 kB
VmallocChunk:   34359720444 kB
HardwareCorrupted:     0 kB
AnonHugePages:    243712 kB
CmaTotal:              0 kB
CmaFree:               0 kB
HugePages_Total:       0
HugePages_Free:        0
HugePages_Rsvd:        0
HugePages_Surp:        0
Hugepagesize:       2048 kB
DirectMap4k:       96112 kB
DirectMap2M:     4098048 kB
DirectMap1G:     2097152 kB

anycast6
arp
connector
dev
dev_mcast
dev_snmp6 # 文件夹
fib_trie
fib_triestat
icmp
if_inet6
igmp
igmp6
ip6_flowlabel
ip6_mr_cache
ip6_mr_vif
ip_mr_cache
ip_mr_vif
ip_tables_matches
ip_tables_names
ip_tables_targets
ipv6_route
mcfilter
mcfilter6
netfilter # 文件夹
netlink
netstat
packet
protocols
psched
ptype
raw
raw6
route
rt6_stats
rt_acct
rt_cache
snmp
snmp6
sockstat
sockstat6
softnet_stat
stat   #文件夹
tcp
tcp6
udp
udp6
udplite
udplite6
unix
wireless
xfrm_stat

$cat /proc/net/arp
IP address       HW type     Flags       HW address            Mask     Device
172.31.0.18      0x1         0x2         fa:16:3e:21:ca:aa     *        eth0
172.31.0.10      0x1         0x2         fa:16:3e:d3:ff:69     *        eth0
172.31.0.5       0x1         0x2         fa:16:3e:f5:58:98     *        eth0
172.31.0.3       0x1         0x2         fa:16:3e:df:28:28     *        eth0
172.31.0.1       0x1         0x2         fa:16:3e:04:62:da     *        eth0
172.31.0.6       0x1         0x2         fa:16:3e:d5:1f:24     *        eth0
172.31.0.4       0x1         0x2         fa:16:3e:d8:48:ca     *        eth0
172.31.0.2       0x1         0x2         fa:16:3e:ff:d7:b4     *        eth0

cat /proc/net/fib_trie # 以树级结构列出系统的路由表信息
# Main:
# +-- 0.0.0.0/0 3 0 5
#     |-- 0.0.0.0
#       /0 universe UNICAST
#     +-- 127.0.0.0/8 2 0 2
#       +-- 127.0.0.0/31 1 0 0
#           |-- 127.0.0.0
#             /32 link BROADCAST
#             /8 host LOCAL
#           |-- 127.0.0.1
#             /32 host LOCAL
#       |-- 127.255.255.255
#           /32 link BROADCAST
#     +-- 168.0.0.0/5 2 0 2
#       +-- 169.254.0.0/16 2 0 2
#           |-- 169.254.0.0
#             /16 link UNICAST
#           |-- 169.254.169.254
#             /32 universe UNICAST
#       +-- 172.31.0.0/24 2 0 2
#           +-- 172.31.0.0/27 2 0 2
#             |-- 172.31.0.0
#                 /32 link BROADCAST
#                 /24 link UNICAST
#             |-- 172.31.0.25
#                 /32 host LOCAL
#           |-- 172.31.0.255
#             /32 link BROADCAST

# 例如:下面这条 INPUT 规则用于放行 80 端口上的状态为 NEW 的连接上的包(CentOS7.x以下)。
$ cat /proc/net/nf_conntrack | head -n 4
ipv4     2 tcp      6 102 SYN_SENT src=10.20.172.211 dst=10.10.107.214 sport=42562 dport=179 [UNREPLIED] src=10.10.107.214 dst=10.20.172.211 sport=179 dport=42562 mark=0 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 zone=0 use=2
ipv4     2 tcp      6 79 SYN_SENT src=10.20.172.211 dst=10.10.107.214 sport=60579 dport=179 [UNREPLIED] src=10.10.107.214 dst=10.20.172.211 sport=179 dport=60579 mark=0 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 zone=0 use=2
ipv4     2 tcp      6 86366 ESTABLISHED src=10.20.172.211 dst=10.10.107.121 sport=58589 dport=179 src=10.10.107.121 dst=10.20.172.211 sport=179 dport=58589 [ASSURED] mark=0 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 zone=0 use=2
ipv4     2 tcp      6 62 SYN_SENT src=10.20.172.211 dst=10.10.107.214 sport=37531 dport=179 [UNREPLIED] src=10.10.107.214 dst=10.20.172.211 sport=179 dport=37531 mark=0 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 zone=0 use=2