Beautiful Soup库的基本介绍
Beautiful Soup库的基本介绍
mythsman
发布于 2022-11-14 16:18:14
发布于 2022-11-14 16:18:14
beautiful soup库是python中用来解析html文件的一个工具，他能做到将html文件依据他的标签的特征来取出相应的标签块，比如取出网页的title啊，body啊，或者是某个id对应的东西啊，等等。从而为进一步的加工处理创造条件。从某种程度上讲是替代了正则的作用，但是比正则表达式使用的更加方便。
现在的beautiful soup库已经是第4.2版本了，所以我们通常叫他bs4。bs4作为一个库，其实是有很多的用法的。至于其具体用法，我是参考以下的文档的：
http://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/doc.zh/
这里讲的比较详细，查阅起来也很方便。至于安装，我一般是用来pip进行的，这个比较方便快捷，也便于管理。
这里权且记录下一些基本的用法：
html_doc = """
<html><head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head>
<body>
<p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>
<p class="story">Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
<a href="http://example.com/elsie" class="sister" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
<a href="http://example.com/lacie" class="sister" id="link2">Lacie</a> and
<a href="http://example.com/tillie" class="sister" id="link3">Tillie</a>;
and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p>
<p class="story">...</p>
"""
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup #导入模块
soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc，“lxml”) #生成对象soup(这里不加第二个参数有时候会报warning)
print soup.prettify() #prettify()方法将源码格式化并返回
# <html>
# <head>
# <title>
# The Dormouse's story
# </title>
# </head>
# <body>
# <p class="title">
# <b>
# The Dormouse's story
# </b>
# </p>
# <p class="story">
# Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">
# Elsie
# </a>
# ,
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">
# Lacie
# </a>
# and
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link2">
# Tillie
# </a>
# ; and they lived at the bottom of a well.
# </p>
# <p class="story">
# ...
# </p>
# </body>
# </html>
#以下的方法都很浅显易懂
print soup.title
# <title>The Dormouse's story</title>
print soup.title.name
# u'title'
print soup.title.string
# u'The Dormouse's story'
print soup.title.parent.name
# u'head'
print soup.p
# <p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>
print soup.p['class']
# u'title'
print soup.a
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>
print soup.find_all('a')
# [<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">Lacie</a>,
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">Tillie</a>]
print soup.find(id="link3")
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">Tillie</a>
for link in soup.find_all('a'):
print(link.get('href'))
# http://example.com/elsie
# http://example.com/lacie
# http://example.com/tillie
print soup.get_text()
# The Dormouse's story
#
# The Dormouse's story
#
# Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
# Elsie,
# Lacie and
# Tillie;
# and they lived at the bottom of a well.
#
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