KVM 虚拟机配置笔记

cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts

cp -a ifcfg-eno16777728 ifcfg-br0

vim ifcfg-br0

TYPE=Bridge
DEVICE=br0
BOOTPROTO=static
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.1.13
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
DNS1=8.8.8.8
DNS2=114.114.114.114

reboot

yum install -y qemu-kvm libvirt virt-install bridge-utils

lsmod | grep kvm

systemctl start libvirtd.service 
systemctl enable libvirtd.service

virt-install -n lyshark -r 256 --vcpus 1 --disk /tmp/lyshark.img,format=qcow2,size=5 --network bridge=br0 --os-type=linux --os-variant=rhel7.0 --cdrom /tmp/rhel-server-7.0_x86_64-dvd.iso --vnc --vncport=5910 --vnclisten=0.0.0.0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[参数说明]

--n					#指定虚拟机名称
--r					#指定虚拟机内存,单位MB
--disk					#指定存储设备及其属性 size:新建磁盘映像的大小单位为GB；磁盘映像格式，如raw、qcow2、vmdk
--os-type				#操作系统类型，如linux、unix或windows等；
--os-variant=				#某类型操作系统的变体，如rhel5、fedora8等； 
--vcpus=				#VCPU个数及相关配置
--cpu=					#CPU模式及特性，如coreduo等；可以使用qemu-kvm -cpu ?来获取支持的CPU模式；

--os-variant=freebsd8
--os-variant=win7
--os-variant=win7 --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/iso/virtio-win.iso,device=cdrom
--os-variant=win2k8
--os-variant=win2k8 --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/iso/virtio-win.iso,device=cdrom
--os-variant=rhel7

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

virsh list --all		#列出所有的虚拟机

virsh dominfo			#显示虚拟机信息

yum install virt-top -y
virt-top			#显示虚拟机内存和cpu的使用情况

virt-df				#显示虚拟机分区信息


virsh destroy			#强制关闭

virsh undefine			#删除虚拟机

virsh start			#启动

virsh shutdown			#关闭虚拟机


virsh autostart			#设置虚拟机自启动
virsh autostart --disable	#关闭虚拟机自启动

virsh console			#通过控制窗口登录虚拟机


virsh attach-disk kvm-1 /dev/sdb vbd --driver qemu --mode shareable		#给虚拟机添加硬盘
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# 1. 查看虚拟机当前内存

[root@sh-kvm-1 ~]# virsh dominfo kvm-1 | grep memory
Max memory:     4194304 KiB
Used memory:    4194304 KiB

# 2、动态设置内存为512MB，内存减少

virsh setmem kvm-1 524288
# 注意单位必须是KB

# 3、查看内存变化

# virsh dominfo kvm-1 | grep memory
Max memory: 14194304 KiB
Used memory: 524288 kiB

# 4、内存增加

virsh shutdown kvm-1
virsh edit kvm-1  # 直接更改memory
virsh create /etc/libvirt/demu/kvm-1/xml
# 之后操作1,2,3步骤增加内存

virsh shutdown kvm-1
virsh edit kvm-1
#  <vcpu>2</vcpu>  # 4 > 2
virsh create /etc/libvirt/demu/kvm-1/xml

1. Create a 10-GB non-sparse file:
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm-images/vm1-add.img bs=1M count=10240
2. Shutdown the VM:
 # virsh shutdown vm1
3. Add an extra entry for ‘disk’ in the VM's XML file in /etc/libvirt/qemu. You can look copy & paste
the entry for your mail storage device and just change the target and address tags. For example:
 # virsh edit vm1
 <disk type='file' device='disk'>
 <driver name='qemu' type='raw' cache='none' io='threads'/>
 <source file='/vm-images/vm1.img'/>
 <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
 <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04'
function='0x0'/>
 </disk>
 Add:
 <disk type='file' device='disk'>
 <driver name='qemu' type='raw' cache='none' io='threads'/>
 <source file='/vm-images/vm1-add.img'/>
 <target dev='vdb' bus='virtio'/>
 <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06'
function='0x0'/>
 </disk>
 # 这里建议使用上面的添加硬盘的方式添加

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -eux
set -o pipefail

vm_path="/var/lib/libvirt/images/vm_os"
for (( i = 0; i <= 9; i ++ ))
do
    vm_dir=$vm_path/vm$i
    if [ ! -d $vm_dir ]; then
        mkdir -p $vm_dir
    fi
    virt-clone --connect qemu:///system --original vm00 --name vm$i --file $vm_dir/vm"$i"system.img
done

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -eux
set -o pipefail

vm_path="/var/lib/libvirt/images/vm_disk"
for (( i = 0; i <= 9; i ++ ))
do
    vm_dir=$vm_path/vm$i
    if [ ! -d $vm_dir ]; then
        mkdir -p $vm_dir
    fi
    fallocate -l 15G $vm_dir/disk_15G.img
    virsh attach-disk vm$i --source $vm_dir/disk_15G.img  --target sdb --persistent
#virsh detach-disk --domain vm$i --target sdb --persistent
done