pytest + yaml 框架 - 2.extract 提取结果与接口之间的参数关联

上海-悠悠

发布于 2023-01-03 13:47:44

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发布于 2023-01-03 13:47:44

文章被收录于专栏：从零开始学自动化测试从零开始学自动化测试

前言

在自动化用例中，我们经常会看到有人提问，上一个接口的返回的结果，如何取出来给到下个接口的入参。我们用 extract 关键字提取接口的返回结果。

（需要更新安装包到v1.0.2版本）

extract 关键字使用

举个例子用个post请求http://httpbin.org/post

POST http://httpbin.org/post HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Fiddler
Host: httpbin.org
Content-Length: 0

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 24 Nov 2022 06:18:03 GMT
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 320
Connection: keep-alive
Server: gunicorn/19.9.0
Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true

{
  "args": {}, 
  "data": "", 
  "files": {}, 
  "form": {}, 
  "headers": {
    "Content-Length": "0", 
    "Host": "httpbin.org", 
    "User-Agent": "Fiddler", 
    "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-637f0c9a-23b419f4180f6b843ba941af"
  }, 
  "json": null, 
  "origin": "66.112.216.24", 
  "url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}

比如我需要提取返回接口里面的url参数，那么我们用extract 关键字

test_demo.yml 文件示例

config:
  name: post示例

teststeps:
-
  name: post
  request:
    method: POST
    url: http://httpbin.org/post
    json:
      username: test
      password: "123456"
  extract:
      url:  body.url
  validate:
    - eq: [status_code, 200]
    - eq: [headers.Server, gunicorn/19.9.0]
    - eq: [$..username, test]
    - eq: [body.json.username, test]

参数关联

上一个接口提取到了url 变量，接下来在下个接口中引用${url}

config:
  name: post示例

teststeps:
-
  name: post
  request:
    method: POST
    url: http://httpbin.org/post
    json:
      username: test
      password: "123456"
  extract:
      url:  body.url
  validate:
    - eq: [status_code, 200]
    - eq: [headers.Server, gunicorn/19.9.0]
    - eq: [$..username, test]
    - eq: [body.json.username, test]

-
  name: post
  request:
    method: GET
    url: http://httpbin.org/get
    headers:
      url: ${url}
  validate:
    - eq: [status_code, 200]

于是看到请求报文中引用成功

GET http://httpbin.org/get HTTP/1.1
Host: httpbin.org
User-Agent: python-requests/2.28.1
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept: */*
Connection: keep-alive
url: http://httpbin.org/post

提取结果二次取值

我们在上一篇提到不能在yaml中对返回值重新二次取值。, 这也是一些同学提到的问题，对于提取的结果，我想继续取值，比如他是一个字符串，在python中可以用切片取值那么，在yaml 中如何实现？

我重新设计的这个框架中，就可以支持python语法，直接用切片取值

headers:
      url: ${url[:4]}

请求报文

GET http://httpbin.org/get HTTP/1.1
Host: httpbin.org
User-Agent: python-requests/2.28.1
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept: */*
Connection: keep-alive
url: http