【iOS 开发】iOS 开发 简介 (IOS项目文件 | MVC 模式 | 事件响应机制 | Storyboard 控制界面 | 代码控制界面 | Retina 屏幕图片适配)

localhost:HelloWorld octopus$ tree
.
|____.DS_Store
|____Base.lproj
| |____.DS_Store
| |____Main.storyboard
|____en.lproj
| |____.DS_Store
| |____InfoPlist.strings
|____HelloWorld-Info.plist
|____HelloWorld-Prefix.pch
|____HelloWorld.xcdatamodeld
| |____.xccurrentversion
| |____HelloWorld.xcdatamodel
| | |____contents
|____Images.xcassets
| |____.DS_Store
| |____AppIcon.appiconset
| | |____Contents.json
| |____LaunchImage.launchimage
| | |____Contents.json
|____main.m
|____OCTAppDelegate.h
|____OCTAppDelegate.m
|____OCTDetailViewController.h
|____OCTDetailViewController.m
|____OCTMasterViewController.h
|____OCTMasterViewController.m

find . -print | sed -e 's;[^/]*/;|____;g;s;____|; |;g'

alias tree="find . -print | sed -e 's;[^/]*/;|____;g;s;____|; |;g'"

//
//  main.m
//  FirstApp
//
//  Created by octopus on 15-11-4.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 www.octopus.org.cn. All rights reserved.
//

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

#import "OCAppDelegate.h"

int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
    @autoreleasepool {
        return UIApplicationMain(argc, argv, nil, NSStringFromClass([OCAppDelegate class]));
    }
}

//
//  OCAppDelegate.h
//  FirstApp
//
//  Created by octopus on 15-11-4.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 www.octopus.org.cn. All rights reserved.
//

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface OCAppDelegate : UIResponder <UIApplicationDelegate>

@property (strong, nonatomic) UIWindow *window;

@end

//
//  FKAppDelegate.m
//  HelloiOS
//
//  Created by yeeku on 13-5-16.
//  Copyright (c) 2013年 crazyit.org. All rights reserved.
//

#import "FKAppDelegate.h"

#import "FKViewController.h"

@implementation FKAppDelegate
// 当应用程序启动后将会调用该方法
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
	// 创建UIWindow对象，并初始化该窗口的大小与主屏幕大小相同
	// 程序将创建的UIWindow对象赋值给该程序委托对象的window属性
    self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];
    // 创建FKViewController对象、并使用FKViewController界面布局文件来
	// 初始化该视图控制器关联的用户界面
	self.viewController = [[FKViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"FKViewController" bundle:nil];
	// 让该程序的窗口加载、并显示viewController视图控制器关联的用户界面
	self.window.rootViewController = self.viewController;
	// 将该UIWindow对象设为主窗口、并显示出来
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
    return YES;
}

- (void)applicationWillResignActive:(UIApplication *)application
{
	// 当应用程序从活动状态转入不活动状态时，系统将会调用该方法。
	// 通常来说的，当应用程序突然被中断（比如有电话、短信进来时），系统将会回调该方法
	// 另外，当用户离开该程序，程序开始转入后台状态时也会回调该方法。
}

- (void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication *)application
{
	// 通常可通过重写该方法来释放共享资源、保存用户数据，取消定时器。
	// 开发者还可通过该方法来保存足够的状态数据，
	// 这样保证用户重新启动该应用时能正确恢复到当前状态
	// 如果该应用程序支持后台执行，当用户退出时，系统调用调用该方法，而不是调用
	// applicationWillTerminate:方法
}

- (void)applicationWillEnterForeground:(UIApplication *)application
{
	// 当应用程序将要进入前台时将会调用该方法。
}

- (void)applicationDidBecomeActive:(UIApplication *)application
{
	// 当应用程序进入前台、并转入活动状态时将会调用该方法。
}

- (void)applicationWillTerminate:(UIApplication *)application
{
	// 当应用程序被终止时，系统将会调用该方法。
}

@end

self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];

self.viewController = [[FKViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"FKViewController" bundle:nil];

self.window.rootViewController = self.viewController;

[self.window makeKeyAndVisible];

//
//  OCViewController.h
//  FirstApp
//
//  Created by octopus on 15-11-4.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 www.octopus.org.cn. All rights reserved.
//

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface OCViewController : UIViewController

@property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *label1;
@property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *label2;
@property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIButton *button;
- (IBAction)button_click:(id)sender;

@end

//
//  OCViewController.m
//  FirstApp
//
//  Created by octopus on 15-11-4.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 www.octopus.org.cn. All rights reserved.
//

#import "OCViewController.h"

@interface OCViewController ()

@end

@implementation OCViewController


- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
	// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
    
    //使用 IBOutlet 获取 UI 控件
    [self.label1 setText:@"Tom"];
    
    //使用 tag 获取 UI 控件
    UILabel * label_tag = (UILabel *)[self.view viewWithTag:1];
    [label_tag setText:@"Jerry"];
}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

- (IBAction)button_click:(id)sender {
    //使用 IBOutlet 获取 UI 控件
    [self.label1 setText:@"John"];
    
    //使用 tag 获取 UI 控件
    UILabel * label_tag = (UILabel *)[self.view viewWithTag:1];
    [label_tag setText:@"John"];
}
@end

//
//  OCViewController.h
//  FirstApp
//
//  Created by octopus on 15-11-4.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 www.octopus.org.cn. All rights reserved.
//

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface OCViewController : UIViewController

@property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *label1;
@property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *label2;
@property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIButton *button;
- (IBAction)button_click:(id)sender;

@end

    //使用 tag 获取 UI 控件
    UILabel * label_tag = (UILabel *)[self.view viewWithTag:1];
    [label_tag setText:@"Jerry"];

@property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIButton *UIControl_button;

    //注意 selector 中的方法, 如果后面有参数 则需要带上 冒号 ":"
    [self.UIControl_button addTarget: self action:@selector(button_click2:) forControlEvents: UIControlEventTouchUpInside];

- (void) button_click2:(id)sender{
    [self.label1 setText:@"octopus"];
    [self.label2 setText:@"octopus"];
    
}

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
	// 创建UIWindow对象，并初始化该窗口的大小与主屏幕大小相同
	// 程序将创建的UIWindow对象赋值给该程序委托对象的window属性
    self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];
    // 创建FKViewController对象、并使用FKViewController界面布局文件来
	// 初始化该视图控制器关联的用户界面
	self.viewController = [[FKViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"FKViewController" bundle:nil];
	// 让该程序的窗口加载、并显示viewController视图控制器关联的用户界面
	self.window.rootViewController = self.viewController;
	// 将该UIWindow对象设为主窗口、并显示出来
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
    return YES;
}

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
    // Override point for customization after application launch.
    return YES;
}

//
//  OCAppDelegate.h
//  Empty
//
//  Created by octopus on 15-11-19.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 www.octopus.org.cn. All rights reserved.
//

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface OCAppDelegate : UIResponder <UIApplicationDelegate>

@property (strong, nonatomic) UIWindow *window;
@property (strong, nonatomic) UILabel * label;

@property (readonly, strong, nonatomic) NSManagedObjectContext *managedObjectContext;
@property (readonly, strong, nonatomic) NSManagedObjectModel *managedObjectModel;
@property (readonly, strong, nonatomic) NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *persistentStoreCoordinator;

- (void)saveContext;
- (NSURL *)applicationDocumentsDirectory;

@end

//
//  OCAppDelegate.m
//  Empty
//
//  Created by octopus on 15-11-19.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 www.octopus.org.cn. All rights reserved.
//

#import "OCAppDelegate.h"

@implementation OCAppDelegate

@synthesize managedObjectContext = _managedObjectContext;
@synthesize managedObjectModel = _managedObjectModel;
@synthesize persistentStoreCoordinator = _persistentStoreCoordinator;
@synthesize label;

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
    // 创建 UIWindow 对象, 设置其大小与屏幕大小相同
    self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];
    // 设置背景颜色
    self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    
    // 创建 UIViewController 对象
    UIViewController * controller = [[UIViewController alloc] init];
    // 窗口加载并显示 视图控制器 并 关联 用户界面
    self.window.rootViewController = controller;
    // 创建 UIView 对象
    UIView * rootView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];
    // UIViewController 显示 rootView 控件
    controller.view = rootView;
    
    // 创建圆角按钮
    UIButton * button = [UIButton buttonWithType : UIButtonTypeRoundedRect];
    // 设置按钮大小
    button.frame = CGRectMake(60, 200, 200, 40);
    // 为按钮设置文本
    [button setTitle:@"octopus button" forState: UIControlStateNormal];
    // 为按钮添加点击事件
    [button addTarget:self action:@selector(button_click) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    // 将按钮添加到 View 上
    [rootView addSubview : button] ;
    
    // 创建 UILabel 对象
    label = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(60, 30, 200, 130)];
    // 设置文本内容
    label.text = @"octopus label";
    // 设置背景颜色
    label.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];
    // 将 UILabel 添加到 rootView 中
    [rootView addSubview : label];
    
    
    // 显示 界面
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
    return YES;
}

- (void) button_click
{
    [label setText:@"button click"];
}

- (void)applicationWillResignActive:(UIApplication *)application
{
    // Sent when the application is about to move from active to inactive state. This can occur for certain types of temporary interruptions (such as an incoming phone call or SMS message) or when the user quits the application and it begins the transition to the background state.
    // Use this method to pause ongoing tasks, disable timers, and throttle down OpenGL ES frame rates. Games should use this method to pause the game.
}

- (void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication *)application
{
    // Use this method to release shared resources, save user data, invalidate timers, and store enough application state information to restore your application to its current state in case it is terminated later. 
    // If your application supports background execution, this method is called instead of applicationWillTerminate: when the user quits.
}

- (void)applicationWillEnterForeground:(UIApplication *)application
{
    // Called as part of the transition from the background to the inactive state; here you can undo many of the changes made on entering the background.
}

- (void)applicationDidBecomeActive:(UIApplication *)application
{
    // Restart any tasks that were paused (or not yet started) while the application was inactive. If the application was previously in the background, optionally refresh the user interface.
}

- (void)applicationWillTerminate:(UIApplication *)application
{
    // Saves changes in the application's managed object context before the application terminates.
    [self saveContext];
}

- (void)saveContext
{
    NSError *error = nil;
    NSManagedObjectContext *managedObjectContext = self.managedObjectContext;
    if (managedObjectContext != nil) {
        if ([managedObjectContext hasChanges] && ![managedObjectContext save:&error]) {
             // Replace this implementation with code to handle the error appropriately.
             // abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development. 
            NSLog(@"Unresolved error %@, %@", error, [error userInfo]);
            abort();
        } 
    }
}

#pragma mark - Core Data stack

// Returns the managed object context for the application.
// If the context doesn't already exist, it is created and bound to the persistent store coordinator for the application.
- (NSManagedObjectContext *)managedObjectContext
{
    if (_managedObjectContext != nil) {
        return _managedObjectContext;
    }
    
    NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *coordinator = [self persistentStoreCoordinator];
    if (coordinator != nil) {
        _managedObjectContext = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init];
        [_managedObjectContext setPersistentStoreCoordinator:coordinator];
    }
    return _managedObjectContext;
}

// Returns the managed object model for the application.
// If the model doesn't already exist, it is created from the application's model.
- (NSManagedObjectModel *)managedObjectModel
{
    if (_managedObjectModel != nil) {
        return _managedObjectModel;
    }
    NSURL *modelURL = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"Empty" withExtension:@"momd"];
    _managedObjectModel = [[NSManagedObjectModel alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:modelURL];
    return _managedObjectModel;
}

// Returns the persistent store coordinator for the application.
// If the coordinator doesn't already exist, it is created and the application's store added to it.
- (NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *)persistentStoreCoordinator
{
    if (_persistentStoreCoordinator != nil) {
        return _persistentStoreCoordinator;
    }
    
    NSURL *storeURL = [[self applicationDocumentsDirectory] URLByAppendingPathComponent:@"Empty.sqlite"];
    
    NSError *error = nil;
    _persistentStoreCoordinator = [[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:[self managedObjectModel]];
    if (![_persistentStoreCoordinator addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:storeURL options:nil error:&error]) {
        /*
         Replace this implementation with code to handle the error appropriately.
         
         abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development. 
         
         Typical reasons for an error here include:
         * The persistent store is not accessible;
         * The schema for the persistent store is incompatible with current managed object model.
         Check the error message to determine what the actual problem was.
         
         
         If the persistent store is not accessible, there is typically something wrong with the file path. Often, a file URL is pointing into the application's resources directory instead of a writeable directory.
         
         If you encounter schema incompatibility errors during development, you can reduce their frequency by:
         * Simply deleting the existing store:
         [[NSFileManager defaultManager] removeItemAtURL:storeURL error:nil]
         
         * Performing automatic lightweight migration by passing the following dictionary as the options parameter:
         @{NSMigratePersistentStoresAutomaticallyOption:@YES, NSInferMappingModelAutomaticallyOption:@YES}
         
         Lightweight migration will only work for a limited set of schema changes; consult "Core Data Model Versioning and Data Migration Programming Guide" for details.
         
         */
        NSLog(@"Unresolved error %@, %@", error, [error userInfo]);
        abort();
    }    
    
    return _persistentStoreCoordinator;
}

#pragma mark - Application's Documents directory

// Returns the URL to the application's Documents directory.
- (NSURL *)applicationDocumentsDirectory
{
    return [[[NSFileManager defaultManager] URLsForDirectory:NSDocumentDirectory inDomains:NSUserDomainMask] lastObject];
}

@end

//
//  OCViewController.m
//  DynamicUI
//
//  Created by octopus on 15-11-22.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 www.octopus.org.cn. All rights reserved.
//

#import "OCViewController.h"

/*
    类别与扩展
    类别 : 为现有类添加新方法, @interface 已有类 (类别名) ... 方法 ... @end, 实现类实现接口中的方法.
    -- 头文件名称 : 已有类+类别名.h;
    -- 实现类文件名称 : 已有类+类别名.m, 注意 该实现部分 只是实现 类别中定义的内容;
 
    扩展 : 扩展是匿名的类别, 扩展也要定义的 已有类+任意名.h 中, 在实现类 已有类.m 中需要实现 已有类接口中的内容, 也需要实现扩展中定义的抽象类.
 */
// OCViewController 的扩展, 在
@interface OCViewController ()

@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray * labels;

@end

@implementation OCViewController

int nextY = 80;

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
	// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
    
    // 设置 View 的背景颜色
    self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];
    // 初始化 数组
    self.labels = [NSMutableArray array];
    // 创建按钮
    UIButton * button_add = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeRoundedRect];
    // 设置按钮位置大小
    button_add.frame = CGRectMake(30, 30, 60, 40);
    // 设置按钮 平时状态的 文本, 可以设置平时状态时的文本
    [button_add setTitle:@"添加 Label" forState : UIControlStateNormal];
    // 设置按钮点击事件
    [button_add addTarget:self action:@selector(addButton) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    // 将按钮添加到布局中
    [self.view addSubview:button_add];
    
    // 生成删除按钮
    UIButton * button_delete = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeRoundedRect];
    // 设置按钮的位置大小
    button_delete.frame = CGRectMake(230, 30, 60, 40);
    // 设置按钮文本
    [button_delete setTitle:@"删除 Label" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    // 设置按钮点击事件
    [button_delete addTarget:self action:@selector(deleteButton) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    // 将按钮添加到布局中
    [self.view addSubview:button_delete];
}

// 添加控件方法
- (void) addButton
{
    // 生成一个 UILabel 控件
    UILabel * label = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(80, nextY, 160, 30)];
    // 给控件设置文字
    label.text = @"Label 控件";
    // 将控件添加到集合中
    [self.labels addObject:label];
    // 将控件设置到布局中
    [self.view addSubview:label];
    // y 坐标自增
    nextY += 50;
}

// 删除控件方法
- (void) deleteButton
{
    // 删除的前提是控件个数大于 0
    if([self.labels count] > 0){
        // 将集合中的最后一个 UILabel 控件从布局中删除
        [[self.labels lastObject] removeFromSuperview];
        // 将 UILabel 控件从集合中删除
        [self.labels removeLastObject];
        // y 坐标自减, 用于添加控件使用
        nextY -= 50;
    }
}


- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

@end

//
//  OCFollowTouchView.h
//  FollowTouch
//
//  Created by octopus on 15-11-25.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 www.octopus.org.cn. All rights reserved.
//

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface OCFollowTouchView : UIView

@end

//
//  OCFollowTouchView.m
//  FollowTouch
//
//  Created by octopus on 15-11-25.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 www.octopus.org.cn. All rights reserved.
//

#import "OCFollowTouchView.h"

@implementation OCFollowTouchView

int currentX;
int currentY;

- (void) touchesMoved : (NSSet * ) touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
    //获取 UITouch 对象
    UITouch * touch = [touches anyObject];
    //获取触摸的位置
    CGPoint lastPoint = [touch locationInView:self];
    currentX = lastPoint.x;
    currentY = lastPoint.y;
    //重绘 UI 控件
    [self setNeedsDisplay];
}

- (void) drawRect:(CGRect)rect
{
    //获取绘图上下文对象
    CGContextRef ref = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
    //设置所绘制的图像为红色
    CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(ref, [[UIColor redColor] CGColor]);
    //绘制图像
    CGContextFillEllipseInRect(ref, CGRectMake(currentX - 10, currentY - 10, 20, 20));
}

@end