生信技能树 R语言入门 ggplot2画图
原创
ggplot2基操
1.入门级绘图模板：作图数据+横纵坐标
ggplot(data = iris) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = Sepal.Length,
y = Petal.Length))2.属性设置（颜色、大小、透明度、点的形状，线型等）
2.1 手动设置，需要设置为有意义的值
颜色：
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(data = iris) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = Sepal.Length,
y = Petal.Length),
color = "blue")
#输入参数时，列名不需要加引号
大小、透明度、形状：
ggplot(data = iris) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = Sepal.Length, y = Petal.Length),
size = 5, # 点的大小5mm
alpha = 0.5, # 透明度 50%
shape = 8) # 点的形状
ggplot常用的五个参数：color, size, shape, alpha, fill；shape有25中形状
2.2 映射：按照数据框的某一列来定义图的某个属性
ggplot(data = iris)+
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = Sepal.Length,
y = Petal.Length,
color = Species))+
scale_color_manual(values = c("blue","grey","red"))
2.2.2区分color和fill两个属性：既有边框又有内心的，才需要color和fill两个参数
ggplot(data = iris)+
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = Sepal.Length,
y = Petal.Length,
color = Species),
shape = 24,
fill = "black") #24号，双色的例子
ggplot(data = iris,mapping = aes(x = Species,
y = Sepal.Width,
color = Species))+
geom_boxplot()
#变成实心的颜色：将color改成fill
ggplot(data = iris,mapping = aes(x = Species,
y = Sepal.Width,
fill = Species))+
geom_boxplot()
3.分面
ggplot(data = iris) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = Sepal.Length, y = Petal.Length)) +
facet_wrap(~ Species) 
3.2 双分面
dat = iris
dat$Group = sample(letters[1:5],150,replace = T)
ggplot(data = dat) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = Sepal.Length, y = Petal.Length)) +
facet_grid(Group ~ Species) 
#sample(x, size, replace = FALSE, prob = NULL) #size是取几个数，replace是是否能重复取
4.几何对象 ——局部设置和全局设置
ggplot(data = iris,mapping = aes(x = Sepal.Length, y = Petal.Length))+
geom_smooth()+
geom_point()
ggplot内是全局设置，geom里是局部设置
5.统计变换-直方图
View(diamonds)
table(diamonds$cut)
##
## Fair Good Very Good Premium Ideal
## 1610 4906 12082 13791 21551ggplot(data = diamonds) +
geom_bar(mapping = aes(x = cut))
5.1 不统计，数据直接做图
fre = as.data.frame(table(diamonds$cut))
fre
ggplot(data = fre) +
geom_bar(mapping = aes(x = Var1, y = Freq), stat = "identity")
5.2 count改为prop
ggplot(data = diamonds) +
geom_bar(mapping = aes(x = cut, y = ..prop.., group = 1))
6.位置关系
6.1抖动的点图
ggplot(data = iris,mapping = aes(x = Species,
y = Sepal.Width,
fill = Species)) +
geom_boxplot()+
geom_point()
所有点在一条线上，分开各个点使其显示更具象
ggplot(data = iris,mapping = aes(x = Species,
y = Sepal.Width,
fill = Species))+
geom_boxplot(width=1)+
geom_jitter(size=0.6)
6.2堆叠直方图
ggplot(data = diamonds) +
geom_bar(mapping = aes(x = cut,fill=clarity))
6.3 并列直方图
ggplot(data = diamonds) +
geom_bar(mapping = aes(x = cut, fill = clarity), position = "dodge")
7. 坐标系
7.1 翻转coord_flip()
ggplot(data = mpg, mapping = aes(x = class, y = hwy)) +
geom_boxplot() +
coord_flip()
7.2 极坐标系coord_polar()
bar <- ggplot(data = diamonds) +
geom_bar(
mapping = aes(x = cut, fill = cut),
width = 1
) +
theme(aspect.ratio = 1) +
labs(x = NULL, y = NULL)
bar
bar + coord_flip()
bar + coord_polar()
练习题：绘图
ggplot(data=iris,mapping=aes(x=Sepal.Width,y=Species))+
geom_violin(aes(fill=Species))+
geom_boxplot()+
geom_jitter(aes(shape=Species))
ggplot(data=iris)+
geom_violin(mapping=aes(x=Sepal.Width,y=Species,fill=Species))+
geom_boxplot(mapping=aes(x=Sepal.Width,y=Species))+
geom_jitter(mapping=aes(x=Sepal.Width,y=Species),shape=rep(c(20,17,15),each=50))
推荐配色R包：paletteer https://www.yuque.com/xiaojiewanglezenmofenshen/dbwkg1/ilbqqz
原创声明：本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表，未经许可，不得转载。
如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。
原创声明：本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表，未经许可，不得转载。
如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。
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