1. Git是一个开源的分布式版本控制系统,可以有效、高速地处理从很小到非常大的项目版本管理。 也是Linus Torvalds雷纳斯托瓦兹为了帮助管理Linux内核开发而开发的一个开放源码的版本控制软件。
2. 说白了git就是一个进行项目版本管理的一个软件。
1.在gitee的主界面右上角有新建仓库
2.对仓库进行信息配置
点击橙色按钮里的HTTPS链接进行仓库链接的复制
git clone+仓库链接,就可以将远端仓库克隆到本地上
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos workdir]$ git clone https://gitee.com/raise-your-glass-to-the-moon/12_27fordebug.git
Cloning into '12_27fordebug'...
Username for 'https://gitee.com': 15598303669
Password for 'https://15598303669@gitee.com':
remote: Enumerating objects: 6, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (6/6), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (6/6), done.
remote: Total 6 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
Unpacking objects: 100% (6/6), done.
sudo yum -y install git
1.下面是已经配置好的配置信息
git config --list // 查看git的配置列表
2.配置成全局,当前普通用户的所有本地仓库都有效,不仅仅是某个仓库。
git config --global user.name "username" // 名字缩写即可
git config --global user.email "email"// 正常使用的邮箱
3.修改你的配置信息
git config --replace-all user.name "new-name"
git config --replace-all user.email "new-email"
4.查看git config的其他选项都有哪些功能
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos 12_27fordebug]$ git config
usage: git config [options]
Config file location
--global use global config file
--system use system config file
--local use repository config file
-f, --file <file> use given config file
--blob <blob-id> read config from given blob object
Action
--get get value: name [value-regex]
--get-all get all values: key [value-regex]
--get-regexp get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]
--replace-all replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]
--add add a new variable: name value
--unset remove a variable: name [value-regex]
--unset-all remove all matches: name [value-regex]
--rename-section rename section: old-name new-name
--remove-section remove a section: name
-l, --list list all
-e, --edit open an editor
--get-color <slot> find the color configured: [default]
--get-colorbool <slot>
find the color setting: [stdout-is-tty]
Type
--bool value is "true" or "false"
--int value is decimal number
--bool-or-int value is --bool or --int
--path value is a path (file or directory name)
Other
-z, --null terminate values with NUL byte
--includes respect include directives on lookup
利用*我们可以一次性将后缀为指定后缀的文件进行统一性的操作,例如下面我将所有后缀为.c和.h的文件统一剪切到process目录下面,然后我们就可以将当前目录添加到本地仓库.git的临时区域里面。
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos workdir]$ mv *.c process
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos workdir]$ mv *.h process
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos 12_27fordebug]$ git add .
add是添加到仓库的临时区域,commit是提交到本地仓库里面
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos 12_27fordebug]$ ll
total 24
-rw-rw-r-- 1 wyn wyn 9592 Dec 27 09:40 LICENSE
drwxrwxr-x 2 wyn wyn 4096 Dec 27 10:04 process
-rw-rw-r-- 1 wyn wyn 859 Dec 27 09:40 README.en.md
-rw-rw-r-- 1 wyn wyn 948 Dec 27 09:40 README.md
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos 12_27fordebug]$ git commit -m "这是第一次提交代码"
所谓的本地仓库,本质就是目录和目录里面的内容,这个目录名字叫.git,push到远端,本质就是将.git里面的内容同步到gitee上面,同步之后的gitee上其实也有一个.git的目录,只不过gitee是不允许我们看到这个目录的。
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos 12_27fordebug]$ git push
Username for 'https://gitee.com': 15598303669
Password for 'https://15598303669@gitee.com':
Counting objects: 7, done.
Delta compression using up to 2 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
Writing objects: 100% (5/5), 584 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 5 (delta 2), reused 0 (delta 0)
remote: Powered by GITEE.COM [GNK-6.4]
To https://gitee.com/raise-your-glass-to-the-moon/12_27fordebug.git
0f71a6a..1f9b73a master -> master
凡是在这个文件内部的后缀所对应的文件,都不会被上传到gitee上!
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos 12_27fordebug]$ vim .gitignore
1 *.sln 添加了.sln后缀,作为.gitignore文件的改动
2 # Prerequisites
3 *.d
4
5 # Compiled Object files
6 *.slo
7 *.lo
8 *.o
9 *.obj
10
11 # Precompiled Headers
12 *.gch
13 *.pch
14
15 # Compiled Dynamic libraries
16 *.so
17 *.dylib
18 *.dll
19
20 # Fortran module files
21 *.mod
22 *.smod
23
24 # Compiled Static libraries
25 *.lai
26 *.la
27 *.a
28 *.lib
29
30 # Executables
31 *.exe
32 *.out
33 *.app
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos process]$ git log
commit 64e37f98443db1be25ee2a34a4cef39b24db8602
Author: wyn <wang.ya.nan2022@outlook.com>
Date: Tue Dec 27 14:40:34 2022 +0800
删除.txt后缀的文件
commit 1e28723cf0ef7d6b1ce5887df56e25655bd11748
Author: wyn <wang.ya.nan2022@outlook.com>
Date: Tue Dec 27 14:25:40 2022 +0800
rename file
commit 02deaf907420261dc19fe61aba3acbf1ec422107
Author: wyn <wang.ya.nan2022@outlook.com>
Date: Tue Dec 27 14:18:51 2022 +0800
修正了部分野指针的bug
commit d46c141392ab63ca70cdf545feec3a287e9a0177
Author: wyn <wang.ya.nan2022@outlook.com>
Date: Tue Dec 27 10:39:21 2022 +0800
这是我的第一次提交
commit 14b1e1e46acdda069e87fbadaf6c0b3177dbeb80
Author: 举杯邀明月 <wang.ya.nan2022@outlook.com>
Date: Tue Dec 27 01:38:23 2022 +0000
Initial commit
1. 第7行的modified内容表示我们刚刚修改过文件.gitignore的内容 第9行的Untracked代表未被管理的文件,这些文件是仓库中没有的文件
2. 当你同步完所有你在本地仓库的改动文件之后,系统会说没有什么commit了,因为你已经把最新的本地仓库的所有改动全部同步到远端仓库了
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos process]$ git status
# On branch master
# Changes not staged for commit:
# (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
# (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
#
# modified: ../.gitignore
#
# Untracked files:
# (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
# Makefile
# test.txt
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos 12_27fordebug]$ git status
# On branch master
nothing to commit, working directory clean
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos process]$ git mv test.txt hello.txt
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos process]$ git rm -f hello.txt
远端仓库全都已经最新同步了
1. 首先我们需要知道,我们是可以在远端仓库进行修改的
2. 如果远端仓库已经做了修改,但是还没有同步到本地仓库,这个时候如果本地仓库想要继续push本地仓库所做的修改到远端,就会直接报错,系统会强制我们先同步远端仓库所作的修改
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos 12_27fordebug]$ git push
Username for 'https://gitee.com': 15598303669
Password for 'https://15598303669@gitee.com':
To https://gitee.com/raise-your-glass-to-the-moon/12_27fordebug.git
! [rejected] master -> master (fetch first)
error: failed to push some refs to 'https://gitee.com/raise-your-glass-to-the-moon/12_27fordebug.git'
hint: Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do
hint: not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing
hint: to the same ref. You may want to first merge the remote changes (e.g.,
hint: 'git pull') before pushing again.
hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.
3. 所有我们必须要同步远端仓库所做的修改到本地仓库
[wyn@VM-8-2-centos 12_27fordebug]$ git pull