Spring声明式事务、编程式事务一文打尽

/**事务管理器*/
public interface PlatformTransactionManager {
    /**根据事务定义获取事务状态*/
    TransactionStatus getTransaction(TransactionDefinition definition) throws TransactionException;
    /**提交事务*/
    void commit(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException;
    /**回滚事务*/
    void rollback(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException;
}

public interface TransactionStatus extends SavepointManager {

    boolean isNewTransaction();

    boolean hasSavepoint();

    void setRollbackOnly();

    boolean isRollbackOnly();

    void flush();

    boolean isCompleted();

}

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>

<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>

@Bean(name = "myTxManager")
public PlatformTransactionManager txManager(DataSource dataSource) {
    return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd">

    <jee:jndi-lookup id="dataSource" jndi-name="jdbc/jpetstore"/>

    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager" />

    <!-- other <bean/> definitions here -->

</beans>

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    <property name="mappingResources">
        <list>
            <value>org/springframework/samples/petclinic/hibernate/petclinic.hbm.xml</value>
        </list>
    </property>
    <property name="hibernateProperties">
        <value>
            hibernate.dialect=${hibernate.dialect}
        </value>
    </property>
</bean>

<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>

<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager"/>

Connection conn = DataSourceUtils.getConnection(dataSource);

// 我们想进行事务性操作的目标接口

package x.y.service;

public interface FooService {

    Foo getFoo(String fooName);

    Foo getFoo(String fooName, String barName);

    void insertFoo(Foo foo);

    void updateFoo(Foo foo);

}

package x.y.service;

public class DefaultFooService implements FooService {

    public Foo getFoo(String fooName) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    public Foo getFoo(String fooName, String barName) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    public void insertFoo(Foo foo) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    public void updateFoo(Foo foo) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!-- 将进行事务性操作的bean -->
    <bean id="fooService" class="x.y.service.DefaultFooService"/>
    
    <!-- 数据源配置 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@rj-t42:1521:elvis"/>
        <property name="username" value="scott"/>
        <property name="password" value="tiger"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置事务管理器 PlatformTransactionManager -->
    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事务通知 (将会发生什么，查看下面的 <aop:advisor/> 配置) -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
        <!-- 事务性语义配置 -->
        <tx:attributes>
            <!-- 所有get开头的方法都是只读性事务 -->
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
            <!-- 其他的方法使用默认的事务性行为 -->
            <tx:method name="*"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!-- 确保上面配置的事务通知可以在FooService接口的任意操作中执行-->
    <aop:config>
        <!-- 配置切面(切点集合) -->
        <aop:pointcut id="fooServiceOperation" expression="execution(* x.y.service.FooService.*(..))"/>
        
        <!-- 配置AOP通知 -->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="fooServiceOperation"/>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

<aop:config>
    <aop:pointcut id="fooServiceMethods" expression="execution(* x.y.service.*.*(..))"/>
    <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="fooServiceMethods"/>
</aop:config>

public final class Boot {

    public static void main(final String[] args) throws Exception {
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("context.xml", Boot.class);
        FooService fooService = (FooService) ctx.getBean("fooService");
        fooService.insertFoo (new Foo());
    }
}

<!--  Spring 容器启动... -->
[AspectJInvocationContextExposingAdvisorAutoProxyCreator] - Creating implicit proxy for bean 'fooService' with 0 common interceptors and 1 specific interceptors

<!-- DefaultFooService 被动态代理 -->
[JdkDynamicAopProxy] - Creating JDK dynamic proxy for [x.y.service.DefaultFooService]

<!-- ... the insertFoo(..) 在代理中开始调用-->
[TransactionInterceptor] - Getting transaction for x.y.service.FooService.insertFoo

<!-- 事务通知在这里起作用... -->
[DataSourceTransactionManager] - Creating new transaction with name [x.y.service.FooService.insertFoo]
[DataSourceTransactionManager] - Acquired Connection [org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolableConnection@a53de4] for JDBC transaction

<!--  DefaultFooService 的 insertFoo(..) 抛出一个异常... -->
[RuleBasedTransactionAttribute] - Applying rules to determine whether transaction should rollback on java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException
<!-- 事务拦截器，抛出异常，则回滚insertFoo方法上的事务 -->
[TransactionInterceptor] - Invoking rollback for transaction on x.y.service.FooService.insertFoo due to throwable [java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException]

<!-- 事务回滚，事务完毕后释放连接 -->
[DataSourceTransactionManager] - Rolling back JDBC transaction on Connection [org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolableConnection@a53de4]
[DataSourceTransactionManager] - Releasing JDBC Connection after transaction
<!-- 归还连接给数据源 -->
[DataSourceUtils] - Returning JDBC Connection to DataSource

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException at x.y.service.DefaultFooService.insertFoo(DefaultFooService.java:14)
<!-- 为了清晰起见，AOP基础设施堆栈跟踪元素被删除 -->
at $Proxy0.insertFoo(Unknown Source)
at Boot.main(Boot.java:11)

<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
    <tx:attributes>
    <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true" rollback-for="NoProductInStockException"/>
    <tx:method name="*"/>
    </tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>

<tx:advice id="txAdvice">
    <tx:attributes>
    <tx:method name="updateStock" no-rollback-for="InstrumentNotFoundException"/>
    <tx:method name="*"/>
    </tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>

<tx:advice id="txAdvice">
    <tx:attributes>
    <tx:method name="*" rollback-for="Throwable" no-rollback-for="InstrumentNotFoundException"/>
    </tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>

public void resolvePosition() {
    try {
        // some business logic...
    } catch (NoProductInStockException ex) {
        // trigger rollback programmatically
        TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <aop:config>
        <!-- 定义切点，所有Service结尾的类的所有方法 -->
        <aop:pointcut id="serviceOperation"
                expression="execution(* x.y.service..*Service.*(..))"/>

        <!-- 定义AOP通知，引用事务通知和切点 -->
        <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="serviceOperation" advice-ref="txAdvice"/>

    </aop:config>

    <!-- 这两个bean会被事务性控制 -->
    <bean id="fooService" class="x.y.service.DefaultFooService"/>
    <bean id="barService" class="x.y.service.extras.SimpleBarService"/>

    <!-- 这些bean不会被事务性处理 -->
    <bean id="anotherService" class="org.xyz.SomeService"/> <!-- (包名不匹配) -->
    <bean id="barManager" class="x.y.service.SimpleBarManager"/> <!-- (类名不是Service结尾) -->

    <!-- 事务通知 -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!-- PlatformTransactionManager 配置省略... -->

</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <aop:config>

        <aop:pointcut id="defaultServiceOperation"
                expression="execution(* x.y.service.*Service.*(..))"/>

        <aop:pointcut id="noTxServiceOperation"
                expression="execution(* x.y.service.ddl.DefaultDdlManager.*(..))"/>

        <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="defaultServiceOperation" advice-ref="defaultTxAdvice"/>

        <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="noTxServiceOperation" advice-ref="noTxAdvice"/>

    </aop:config>

    <!-- this bean will be transactional (see the 'defaultServiceOperation' pointcut) -->
    <bean id="fooService" class="x.y.service.DefaultFooService"/>

    <!-- this bean will also be transactional, but with totally different transactional settings -->
    <bean id="anotherFooService" class="x.y.service.ddl.DefaultDdlManager"/>

    <tx:advice id="defaultTxAdvice">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <tx:advice id="noTxAdvice">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="NEVER"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!-- other transaction infrastructure beans such as a PlatformTransactionManager omitted... -->

</beans>

// 在你想事务性操作的类或者方法标注 @Transactional 注解 
@Transactional
public class DefaultFooService implements FooService {

    Foo getFoo(String fooName);

    Foo getFoo(String fooName, String barName);

    void insertFoo(Foo foo);

    void updateFoo(Foo foo);
}

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class AppConfig {

   @Bean
   public FooRepository fooRepository() {
       // 配置并返回具有@Transactional方法的类
       return new JdbcFooRepository(dataSource());
   }

   @Bean
   public DataSource dataSource() {
       // 配置并返回必要的 JDBC DataSource
   }

   @Bean
   public PlatformTransactionManager txManager() {
       return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource());
   }
}

   <beans>

     <tx:annotation-driven/>

     <bean id="fooRepository" class="com.foo.JdbcFooRepository">
         <constructor-arg ref="dataSource"/>
     </bean>

     <bean id="dataSource" class="com.vendor.VendorDataSource"/>

     <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.sfwk...DataSourceTransactionManager">
         <constructor-arg ref="dataSource"/>
     </bean>

 </beans>

@Transactional(readOnly = true)
public class DefaultFooService implements FooService {

    public Foo getFoo(String fooName) {
        // do something
    }

    // 该方法以这个事务设置优先级别高
    @Transactional(readOnly = false, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW)
    public void updateFoo(Foo foo) {
        // do something
    }
}

@Transactional(rollbackFor = { Exception.class }, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED)
public CoreOffsetReturn2AgentData handlerRepayFlowAndOffsetBill(
        String dataSourceKey, RepayServiceModel model,
        RepayOffsetCommonRequestDTO offsetCommonRequestDTO,
        RepayOrderNo repayOrderNo, Date offsetDate, List<String> loanNos,
        List<CoreOffsetCoupon2AgentParam> couponList, String mctNo)
        throws Exception {
            // TODO
}

public class TransactionalService {

    @Transactional("order")
    public void setSomething(String name) { ... }

    @Transactional("account")
    public void doSomething() { ... }
}

<tx:annotation-driven/>

<bean id="transactionManager1" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    ...
    <qualifier value="order"/>
</bean>

<bean id="transactionManager2" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    ...
    <qualifier value="account"/>
</bean>

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Transactional("order")
public @interface OrderTx {
}

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Transactional("account")
public @interface AccountTx {
}

public class TransactionalService {

    @OrderTx
    public void setSomething(String name) { ... }

    @AccountTx
    public void doSomething() { ... }
}

package x.y;

import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.springframework.util.StopWatch;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;

public class SimpleProfiler implements Ordered {

    private int order;

    // allows us to control the ordering of advice
    public int getOrder() {
        return this.order;
    }

    public void setOrder(int order) {
        this.order = order;
    }

    // this method is the around advice
    public Object profile(ProceedingJoinPoint call) throws Throwable {
        Object returnValue;
        StopWatch clock = new StopWatch(getClass().getName());
        try {
            clock.start(call.toShortString());
            returnValue = call.proceed();
        } finally {
            clock.stop();
            System.out.println(clock.prettyPrint());
        }
        return returnValue;
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <bean id="fooService" class="x.y.service.DefaultFooService"/>

    <!-- this is the aspect -->
    <bean id="profiler" class="x.y.SimpleProfiler">
        <!-- 更低的order为1会使得其在事务前面执行，因为后面的事务通知的order是200 -->
        <property name="order" value="1"/>
    </bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" order="200"/>

    <aop:config>
            <!-- 这个通知会环绕事务通知执行 -->
            <aop:aspect id="profilingAspect" ref="profiler">
                <aop:pointcut id="serviceMethodWithReturnValue"
                        expression="execution(!void x.y..*Service.*(..))"/>
                <aop:around method="profile" pointcut-ref="serviceMethodWithReturnValue"/>
            </aop:aspect>
    </aop:config>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@rj-t42:1521:elvis"/>
        <property name="username" value="scott"/>
        <property name="password" value="tiger"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <bean id="fooService" class="x.y.service.DefaultFooService"/>

    <!-- the profiling advice -->
    <bean id="profiler" class="x.y.SimpleProfiler">
        <!-- execute before the transactional advice (hence the lower order number) -->
        <property name="order" value="1"/>
    </bean>

    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="entryPointMethod" expression="execution(* x.y..*Service.*(..))"/>
        <!-- will execute after the profiling advice (c.f. the order attribute) -->

        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="entryPointMethod" order="2"/>
        <!-- order value is higher than the profiling aspect -->

        <aop:aspect id="profilingAspect" ref="profiler">
            <aop:pointcut id="serviceMethodWithReturnValue"
                    expression="execution(!void x.y..*Service.*(..))"/>
            <aop:around method="profile" pointcut-ref="serviceMethodWithReturnValue"/>
        </aop:aspect>

    </aop:config>

    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!-- other <bean/> definitions such as a DataSource and a PlatformTransactionManager here -->

</beans>

// 构造一个核实的事务管理器
DataSourceTransactionManager txManager = new DataSourceTransactionManager(getDataSource());AnnotationTransactionAspect

// 配置 AnnotationTransactionAspect 使用；必须在事务方法之前执行。
AnnotationTransactionAspect.aspectOf().setTransactionManager(txManager);

public class SimpleService implements Service {

    // single TransactionTemplate shared amongst all methods in this instance
    private final TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate;

    // use constructor-injection to supply the PlatformTransactionManager
    public SimpleService(PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager) {
        this.transactionTemplate = new TransactionTemplate(transactionManager);
    }

    public Object someServiceMethod() {
        return transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallback() {
            // the code in this method executes in a transactional context
            public Object doInTransaction(TransactionStatus status) {
                updateOperation1();
                return resultOfUpdateOperation2();
            }
        });
    }
}

transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult() {
    @Override
    protected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus status) {
        try {
            repayConfirm(dataSourceKey, resultDto);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("确认还款处理数据失败:" , e);
            throw new BusinessException(e);
        }
    }
});

transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult() {

    protected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus status) {
        try {
            updateOperation1();
            updateOperation2();
        } catch (SomeBusinessException ex) {
            status.setRollbackOnly();//回滚事务
        }
    }
});

public class SimpleService implements Service {

    private final TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate;

    public SimpleService(PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager) {
        this.transactionTemplate = new TransactionTemplate(transactionManager);

        // the transaction settings can be set here explicitly if so desired
        this.transactionTemplate.setIsolationLevel(TransactionDefinition.ISOLATION_READ_UNCOMMITTED);
        this.transactionTemplate.setTimeout(30); // 30 seconds
        // and so forth...
    }
}

<bean id="sharedTransactionTemplate"
        class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate">
    <property name="isolationLevelName" value="ISOLATION_READ_UNCOMMITTED"/>
    <property name="timeout" value="30"/>
</bean>"

DefaultTransactionDefinition def = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();
// 显示指定事务名称
def.setName("SomeTxName");
def.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED);

TransactionStatus status = txManager.getTransaction(def);
try {
    // 执行业务逻辑代码
}
catch (MyException ex) {
    txManager.rollback(status);
    throw ex;
}
txManager.commit(status);

@Component
public class MyComponent{
    @TransactionalEventListener
    public void handleOrderCreatedEvent(CreationEvent<Order> creationEvent){
        ...
    }
}