1 问题
如何用Python画一个实时的时钟?
2 方法
(1)安装turtle模块,turtle库是python的标准库之一,属于入门级的图形绘制函数库,通过它可以实现图像的生成。
(2)使用turtle库画图的特性画出时钟。
(3)最后通过自定义shape的方法完成绘制。
代码清单 1
import turtle as timport datetime as ddef skip(step): t.penup() t.forward(step) t.pendown()def drawClock(radius): t.speed(0) t.mode("logo") t.hideturtle() t.pensize(7) t.home() for j in range(60): skip(radius) if (j % 5 == 0): t.forward(20) skip(-radius - 20) else: t.dot(5) skip(-radius) t.right(6)def makePoint(pointName, len): t.penup() t.home() t.begin_poly() t.back(0.1 * len) t.forward(len * 1.1) t.end_poly() poly = t.get_poly() t.register_shape(pointName, poly) def drawPoint(): global hourPoint, minPoint, secPoint, fontWriter makePoint("hourPoint", 100) makePoint("minPoint", 120) makePoint("secPoint", 140) hourPoint = t.Pen() hourPoint.shape("hourPoint") hourPoint.shapesize(1, 1, 6) minPoint = t.Pen() minPoint.shape("minPoint") minPoint.shapesize(1, 1, 4) secPoint = t.Pen() secPoint.shape("secPoint") secPoint.pencolor('red') fontWriter = t.Pen() fontWriter.pencolor('gray') fontWriter.hideturtle()def getWeekName(weekday): weekName = ['星期一', '星期二', '星期三', '星期四', '星期五', '星期六', '星期日'] return weekName[weekday]def getDate(year, month, day): return "%s-%s-%s" % (year, month, day)def realTime(): curr = d.datetime.now() curr_year = curr.year curr_month = curr.month curr_day = curr.day curr_hour = curr.hour curr_minute = curr.minute curr_second = curr.second curr_weekday = curr.weekday() t.tracer(False) secPoint.setheading(360 / 60 * curr_second) minPoint.setheading(360 / 60 * curr_minute) hourPoint.setheading(360 / 12 * curr_hour + 30 / 60 * curr_minute) fontWriter.clear() fontWriter.home() fontWriter.penup() fontWriter.forward(80) fontWriter.write(getWeekName(curr_weekday), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold")) fontWriter.forward(-160) fontWriter.write(getDate(curr_year, curr_month, curr_day), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold")) t.tracer(True) print(curr_second) t.ontimer(realTime, 100) def main(): t.tracer(False) drawClock(160) drawPoint() realTime() t.tracer(True) t.mainloop()if __name__ == '__main__': main() |
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3 结语
针对制作简易的实时时钟问题,经过测试,证明可以通过使用turtle模块实现。之后还可以优化:例如加入每个小点所对应的具体数字,以及该天所对应的天气,不断的完善该程序。