6.索引数据的基本操作

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发布于 2023-09-11 09:09:22

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发布于 2023-09-11 09:09:22

基本操作

创建索引结构

PUT lglbc_crud
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "age":{
        "type": "integer"
      },
      "stu_no":{
        "type": "keyword"
      },
      "score":{
        "type": "float"
      },
      "birth":{
        "type":"date"
      }
  }
  }
}

添加数据

POST lglbc_crud/_doc/1
{
  "age":10,
  "stu_no":"1301098762",
  "score":90.8,
  "birth":"2023-07-01"
}

更新数据

PUT lglbc_crud/_doc/1
{
  "age":15,
  "stu_no":"1301098762"
}

更新指定字段

POST lglbc_crud/_update/1
{
  "doc": {
    "age": 18,
    "stu_no": "1301098762"
  }
}

查询数据

GET lglbc_crud/_doc/1

删除数据

DELETE lglbc_crud/_doc/1

批量提交

每次查询、删除、更新等操作，都会与ES建立一次连接，这会导致大量的请求打在ES服务器上面，从而间接导致数据索引变慢，那么ES是不是可以搞一个批量请求提交，多个操作都在一个请求中完成？答案当然是可以的啦，那我们看下怎么操作

POST lglbc_bulk/_bulk
{"index":{"_id":"1"}}
{"id":1,"name":"乐哥聊编程"}
{"update":{"_id":"1"}}
{"doc":{"id":1,"name":"乐哥聊编程3"}}

执行次请求后，做一次查询，可以看到name为“乐哥聊编程3”

POST lglbc_bulk/_bulk
{"index":{"_id":"1"}}
{"id":1,"name":"乐哥聊编程"}
{"update":{"_id":"1"}}
{"doc":{"id":1,"name":"乐哥聊编程3"}}
{"delete":{"_id":"1"}}

执行完这个，数据将被删除

索引重建

在产线环境，我们都是使用静态mapping，用了一段时间后，业务需求有变动，我们需要更新字段类型或者数据量太大，我们需要扩展分片数量，但是经过前面的学习，大家都知道，这些都是无法修改的，所以我们的解决办法通常是重建索引，然后将老数据给merge过去，那我们来看下ES如何实现这个功能

创建旧索引

PUT lglbc_reindex_old/_doc/1
{
  "name":"乐哥聊编程",
  "count":"10"
}

查看旧索引信息
- settings:{分片1个，副本1个}
- mappings:{name:text,count:text}

GET lglbc_reindex_old

{
  "lglbc_reindex_old": {
    "aliases": {},
    "mappings": {
      "properties": {
        "count": {
          "type": "text",
          "fields": {
            "keyword": {
              "type": "keyword",
              "ignore_above": 256
            }
          }
        },
        "name": {
          "type": "text",
          "fields": {
            "keyword": {
              "type": "keyword",
              "ignore_above": 256
            }
          }
        }
      }
    },
    "settings": {
      "index": {
        "routing": {
          "allocation": {
            "include": {
              "_tier_preference": "data_content"
            }
          }
        },
        "number_of_shards": "1",
        "provided_name": "lglbc_reindex_old",
        "creation_date": "1690618771362",
        "number_of_replicas": "1",
        "uuid": "x23pbFDvQl2nNQg0tfRyBQ",
        "version": {
          "created": "8090099"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

创建新索引，指定分片2个，副本2个，name：keyword,count:long

创建新索引

PUT lglbc_reindex_new
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "name": {
        "type": "keyword"
      },
      "count": {
        "type": "long"
      }
    }
  },
  "settings": {
    "number_of_shards": 3,
    "number_of_replicas": 2
  }
}

看下配置

{
  "lglbc_reindex_new": {
    "aliases": {},
    "mappings": {
      "properties": {
        "count": {
          "type": "long"
        },
        "name": {
          "type": "keyword"
        }
      }
    },
    "settings": {
      "index": {
        "routing": {
          "allocation": {
            "include": {
              "_tier_preference": "data_content"
            }
          }
        },
        "number_of_shards": "3",
        "provided_name": "lglbc_reindex_new",
        "creation_date": "1690618970812",
        "number_of_replicas": "2",
        "uuid": "sNl1jnMoSVukb3ii3lO9Rg",
        "version": {
          "created": "8090099"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

执行索引重建

source：旧索引信息
dest：目标索引信息

POST _reindex
{
  "source": {"index": "lglbc_reindex_old"},
  "dest": {"index": "lglbc_reindex_new"}
}

检索新索引数据

GET lglbc_reindex_new/_search

{
  "took": 4,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 3,
    "successful": 3,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": {
      "value": 1,
      "relation": "eq"
    },
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "lglbc_reindex_new",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "乐哥聊编程",
          "count": "10"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

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原始发表：2023-08-22，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除

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